中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (35): 4381-4388.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0494

所属专题: 高血压最新文章合集

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原发性高血压合并肌少症患病率及影响因素研究

杨晨1,2, 何华娟1,2, 李建蒲1,2, 陈军1,2,*()   

  1. 1650500 云南省昆明市,昆明理工大学医学院
    2650032 云南省昆明市,云南省第一人民医院老年医学科 国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心(华西医院)云南分中心 国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心(北京医院)协同创新合作单位 云南省老年疾病临床医学研究中心 董碧蓉专家工作站
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-16 修回日期:2022-08-27 出版日期:2022-12-15 发布日期:2022-09-08
  • 通讯作者: 陈军
  • 杨晨,何华娟,李建蒲,等.原发性高血压合并肌少症患病率及影响因素研究[J].中国全科医学,2022,25(35):4381-4388. [www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:杨晨提出研究思路,设计研究方案,主要研究指标的提出、设计,数据分析与结果的解释,撰写论文;陈军负责研究的实施与可行性分析,负责文章的质量控制及审校;何华娟负责数据的收集、资料整理与录入;李建蒲负责统计学处理、论文的修订。
  • 基金资助:
    云南省老年疾病临床医学研究中心-老年共病治疗及临床转化研究(202102AA310068); 云南省科技计划项目(2013FZ176); 云南省卫生科技计划项目(2018NS0242)

Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Sarcopenia in Essential Hypertension

YANG Chen1,2, HE Huajuan1,2, LI Jianpu1,2, CHEN Jun1,2,*()   

  1. 1School of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
    2Department of Geriatrics, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province/Yunnan Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (West China Hospital) /Collaborative Innovation Cooperative Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Beijing Hospital) /Yunnan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases/Dong Birong Expert Workstation, Kunming 650032, China
  • Received:2022-05-16 Revised:2022-08-27 Published:2022-12-15 Online:2022-09-08
  • Contact: CHEN Jun
  • About author:
    YANG C, HE H J, LI J P, et al. Prevalence and influencing factors of sarcopenia in essential hypertension[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25 (35) : 4381-4388.

摘要: 背景 随着全球人口老龄化日益加剧,肌少症的发病率持续上升,预计到21世纪中叶全球将约有2亿肌少症患者。原发性高血压与肌少症均是老年人的常见病,而目前国内关于原发性高血压与肌少症相关性的研究相对较少。 目的 了解中老年原发性高血压患者肌少症的患病率,明确原发性高血压患者发生肌少症的危险因素,为中老年原发性高血压患者肌少症的二级预防和早期干预提供参考依据。 方法 收集2020年12月至2021年12月在云南省第一人民医院老年医学科住院的≥50岁原发性高血压患者107例,收集患者的一般资料、肌少症诊断指标、实验室指标,采用简易营养评估量表(MNA-SF)对患者进行营养评估。根据2019年亚洲肌少症工作组(AWGS)诊断标准,将患者分为肌少症组和非肌少症组。采用二元Logistic回归分析探讨原发性高血压患者发生肌少症的影响因素。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线探讨体质指数(BMI)对原发性高血压患者发生肌少症的预测价值。 结果 107例患者中,肌少症组53例(49.5%),非肌少症组54例(50.5%)。体形消瘦者、体质量正常者、超重者、肥胖者肌少症检出率分别为83.3%(5/6)、64.2%(34/53)、30.0%(12/40)、25.0%(2/8),随着BMI等级增加,肌少症检出率降低(χ2趋势=15.027,P=0.001)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性〔OR=0.175,95%CI(0.059,0.518)〕、超重〔OR=0.039,95%CI(0.003,0.513)〕、肥胖〔OR=0.019,95%CI(0.001,0.459)〕、MNA-SF评分升高〔OR=0.832,95%CI(0.697,0.992)〕、25-羟维生素D〔25-(OH)D〕水平升高〔OR=0.914,95%CI(0.843,0.991)〕是原发性高血压患者发生肌少症的保护因素(P<0.05),高龄〔OR=1.139,95%CI(1.073,1.209)〕、收缩压升高〔OR=1.038,95%CI(1.001,1.076)〕、舒张压升高〔OR=1.095,95%CI(1.035,1.159)〕是原发性高血压患者发生肌少症的危险因素(P<0.05)。BMI预测原发性高血压患者发生肌少症的ROC曲线下面积为0.749〔95%CI(0.656,0.843)〕,最佳截断值为22.0 kg/m2,灵敏度为52.8%,特异度为88.9%。 结论 中老年原发性高血压患者肌少症患病率高。高龄、较高的收缩压及舒张压是肌少症的危险因素,女性、超重、肥胖、较高的维生素D、营养良好是肌少症的保护因素。BMI对原发性高血压患者发生肌少症有很好的预测价值。

关键词: 原发性高血压, 肌少症, 体成分分析, 25-羟维生素D, 中年人, 老年人

Abstract:

Background

The prevalence of sarcopenia is rising along with global population aging, and it is estimated that there will be about 200 million sarcopenia patients worldwide by the mid-21st century. Both essential hypertension and sarcopenia are common in the elderly, but the correlation between them has been rarely studied in China.

Objective

To examine the prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in middle-aged and elderly patients with essential hypertension, providing a reference for secondary prevention and early delivery of intervention of sarcopenia in this group.

Methods

A total of 107 patients with essential hypertension aged ≥50 years who were hospitalized in Geriatric Department, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from December 2020 to December 2021 were enrolled. Sarcopenia was diagnosed by the recommendation from Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia in 2019. Nutrition status was assessed using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment Scale-Short Form (MNA-SF) . The general demographics, sarcopenia diagnostic indicators, laboratory indicators and MNA-SF assessment results were collected. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of sarcopenia in essential hypertension. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to explore the predictive value of body mass index (BMI) for sarcopenia in essential hypertension.

Results

Among the 107 patients, 53 (49.5%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia, and other 54 (50.5%) cases had no sarcopenia. The prevalence of sarcopenia in slightly underweight, normal weight, overweight or obesity patients was 83.3% (5/6) , 64.2% (34/53) , 30.0% (12/40) , 25.0% (2/8) , respectively. The prevalence rate of sarcopenia decreased with the increase of BMI (χ2trend=15.027, P=0.001) . Logistic regression analysis showed that female〔OR=0.175, 95%CI (0.059, 0.518) 〕, overweight〔OR=0.039, 95%CI (0.003, 0.513) 〕, obesity〔OR=0.019, 95%CI (0.001, 0.459) 〕, higher 25- (OH) D〔OR=0.914, 95%CI (0.843, 0.991) 〕, and higher MNA-SF score〔OR=0.832, 95%CI (0.697, 0.992) 〕 were associated with decreased risk of sarcopenia (P<0.05) , while older age〔OR=1.139, 95%CI (1.073, 1.209) 〕, increased systolic blood pressure〔OR=1.038, 95%CI (1.001, 1.076) 〕 and increased diastolic blood pressure〔OR=1.095, 95%CI (1.035, 1.159) 〕 were associated with increased risk of sarcopenia (P<0.05) . The area under the ROC curve of BMI in predicting sarcopenia was 0.749〔95%CI (0.656, 0.843) 〕, with 52.8% sensitivity and 88.9% specificity when 22.0 kg/m2 was determined as the optimal cut-off value.

Conclusion

The prevalence of sarcopenia was high in middle-aged and elderly patients with essential hypertension, the risk of which was increased with advanced age, higher systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, and declined with being female, overweight, obesity, higher vitamin D and good nutrition. BMI may be a good predictor of sarcopenia in essential hypertension.

Key words: Essential hypertension, Sarcopenia, Body composition analysis, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, Middle aged, Aged