中国全科医学 ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (02): 225-232.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0427

• 中医研究·适宜技能开发 • 上一篇    下一篇

手法治疗颈椎病中枢镇痛机制研究进展

金子开1, 王旭1, 孙凯1,2, 王艳国3, 师彬4, 罗杰1,2, 朱立国1,2, 魏戌1,2,*()   

  1. 1100102 北京市,中国中医科学院望京医院
    2100700 北京市,中西医结合骨伤研究所
    3300250 天津市,天津中医药大学第二附属医院
    4250062 山东省济南市,医药生物技术研究中心
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-20 修回日期:2022-06-28 出版日期:2023-01-15 发布日期:2022-08-05
  • 通讯作者: 魏戌
  • 金子开,王旭,孙凯,等.手法治疗颈椎病中枢镇痛机制研究进展[J].中国全科医学,2023,26(2):225-232.[www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:金子开、朱立国、魏戌提出论文的构思与设计;金子开负责文献及资料的整理,并撰写论文初稿;王旭负责检索和汇总文献及资料;孙凯、王艳国、师彬、罗杰负责对初稿进行修订;朱立国、魏戌负责论文的质量控制及审校,对论文整体负责。
  • 基金资助:
    国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目(160202013000190004); 国家中医药管理局传承创新团队项目(ZYYCXTD-C-202003); 北京市科技新星计划(Z191100001119025); 中国中医科学院中国中医科学院优秀青年科技人才(创新类)培养专项计划(ZZ13-YQ-039)

Latest Advances in Central Analgesic Mechanism of Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment for Cervical Spondylosis

JIN Zikai1, WANG Xu1, SUN Kai1,2, WANG Yanguo3, SHI Bin4, LUO Jie1,2, ZHU Liguo1,2, WEI Xu1,2,*()   

  1. 1Wangjing Hospital of CACMS, Beijing 100102, China
    2Beijing Institute of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing 100700, China
    3Second Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300250, China
    4Shandong Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Center, Ji'nan 250062, China
  • Received:2022-06-20 Revised:2022-06-28 Published:2023-01-15 Online:2022-08-05
  • Contact: WEI Xu
  • About author:
    JIN Z K, WANG X, SUN K. Latest advances in central analgesic mechanism of osteopathic manipulative treatment for cervical spondylosis [J] . Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26 (2) : 225-232.

摘要: 颈椎病是常见的脊柱退行性疾病,手法治疗是治疗颈椎病的临床常用方法之一,有研究表明手法治疗在改善颈椎病患者疼痛方面疗效显著,但其具体机制尚不明确。随着神经影像学的发展,临床对颈椎病患者脑结构及脑功能的可视化分析成为可能,从中枢角度提出的体感重塑学说成为研究颈椎病发病机制的新热点,基于中枢效应探究不同类型手法治疗颈椎病是手法研究的新方向。本文从调控大脑区域活动、改变默认模式网络、调节交感神经功能三方面阐述不同类型手法治疗颈椎病的中枢镇痛机制,发现手法治疗可通过加强中枢门控作用调节感觉运动整合过程的方式;或通过增强默认模式网络中感觉皮质和执行功能皮质的连接强度加快局部神经重塑,进而减弱负性记忆、情绪相关区域之间的白质纤维连接的方式;或通过调节交感神经功能,恢复脑疼痛抑制机制和中枢敏化作用的方式来达到镇痛效果。本研究总结的疼痛激活相关脑区、脑功能网络及各种生物标志物与观察指标为今后研究提供方向。未来应用基础研究应循序渐进设计研究方案,注重研究人群的广泛性,多时点观测手法疗效机制,进一步丰富手法的科学内涵。

关键词: 颈椎病, 颈部疼痛, 肌肉骨骼手法, 推拿,脊柱, 中枢神经系统, 镇痛, 综述

Abstract:

Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) is a popular treatment for cervical spondylosis, a common degenerative disease of the spine. It has proven to be effective in relieving the pain from cervical spondylosis, but the mechanism is not clear. The development of neuroimaging has made it possible to perform visualization analyses of the cerebral structure and function in patients with cervical spondylosis, made the theory of somatosensory cortical remodeling proposed from the central perspective a new hot spot in the research on pathogenesis of cervical spondylosis, and the exploration of different manipulation treatments for cervical spondylosis based on the central effect a new direction of research on OMT. We reviewed the latest advances in central analgesic mechanisms of OMT for cervical spondylosis, mainly involving modulating the activity of brain regions, changing the default mode network, and regulating sympathetic nerve function, and summarized that OMT may improve pain via the following paths: enhancing central gating and modulating sensory-motor integration processes, or enhancing the strength of connections between sensory cortex and prefrontal cortex (an important structure for performing executive functions) in the default mode network, accelerating local neural remodelling and weakening white matter fibre connections between negative memory and emotion-related areas, or modulating sympathetic function and restoring brain mechanisms in inhibiting pain and central sensitisation for analgesic effects. The brain regions, functional brain networks and various biomarkers and observable indicators related to pain activation summarised in this study provide directions for future research. Future applied and basic research is recommended to adopt a step-by-step design, pay attention to the diversity of the research population, use the multi-point observation technique to assess the mechanism of efficacy, and enrich the scientific essentials of OMT.

Key words: Cervical spondylosis, Neck pain, Musculoskeletal manipulations, Manipulation, spinal, Central nervous system, Analgesia, Review