中国全科医学 ›› 2020, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (36): 4567-4572.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2020.00.586

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海市浦东新区区属公立医疗机构糖尿病双向转诊现况调查研究

黄大志1,丁以标1,杜兆辉2*   

  1. 1.200137上海市浦东新区高桥社区卫生服务中心 2.200126上海市浦东新区上钢社区卫生服务中心
    *通信作者:杜兆辉,主任医师;E-mail:dzh820@126.com
  • 出版日期:2020-12-20 发布日期:2020-12-20
  • 基金资助:
    2017年上海市卫生计生系统优秀学科带头人培养计划(2017BR053);浦东新区卫生系统领先人才培养计划(PWRl2016-03);浦东新区卫生系统重要薄弱学科项目(PWZbr2017-07)

Bi-directional Referrals for Diabetes:a Survey in the Public Medical Institutions of Pudong New Area,Shanghai 

HUANG Dazhi1,DING Yibiao1,DU Zhaohui2*   

  1. 1.Pudong New Area Gaoqiao Community Health Center,Shanghai 200137,China
    2.Pudong New Area Shanggang Community Health Center,Shanghai 200126,China
    *Corresponding author:DU Zhaohui,Chief physician;E-mail:dzh820@126.com
  • Published:2020-12-20 Online:2020-12-20

摘要: 背景 糖尿病是一种复杂的慢性、终身性疾病,糖尿病的治疗是一项长期并需要随着病情进展不断调整的管理过程,而落实糖尿病双向转诊对于医疗卫生资源的合理利用以及减轻患者家庭及国家负担有极为重要的作用。目的 调查上海市浦东新区区属公立医疗机构医务人员对糖尿病双向转诊的认知和满意情况,为完善浦东新区分级诊疗和医联体建设提供参考依据。方法 2019年10月,以浦东新区区属所有公立医疗机构(7家二、三级医院和47家社区卫生服务中心)在职内分泌科医生和社区卫生服务中心全科医生为调查对象(n=621),采用自制调查问卷〔包括基本信息、对糖尿病患者双向转诊的了解情况(单选题)、对糖尿病患者双向转诊的相关原因和判定标准认识情况(多选题)、对糖尿病患者双向转诊的态度及满意度情况(单选题)〕进行调查,由调查对象通过问卷星自填完成。结果 回收有效问卷590份,有效回收率为95.01%。调查对象对糖尿病双向转诊知晓率为82.88%(489/590);非常了解和比较了解糖尿病双向转诊制度的内容者占50.84%(300/590);非常了解和比较了解糖尿病双向转诊的标准者占54.92%(324/590);83.22%(491/590)的调查对象知道本单位有指定的双向转诊单位。不同职称调查对象对“是否了解糖尿病双向转诊制度”的选择情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。“糖尿病双向转诊中向上级医院转诊最常见的原因”问题中,84.92%(501/590)的调查对象选择“基层医疗卫生机构药品种类限制”;“糖尿病患者上转至上级医院的标准”问题中,35.59%(210/590)的调查对象选择“当患者首次在基层医疗卫生机构诊断为糖尿病(患者在基层医疗卫生机构诊断为糖尿病后是否需要转上级医院进一步分型和确定是否有并发症等情况)”;“糖尿病患者转回基层医疗卫生机构的标准”问题中,95.76%(565/590)的调查对象选择“糖尿病慢性并发症已确诊且得到稳定控制”;“糖尿病患者愿意转回基层医疗卫生机构治疗的原因”问题中,96.10%(567/590)的调查对象选择“基层医疗卫生机构陪护方便离家近”;“糖尿病患者不能向下转诊的原因”问题中,87.63%(517/590)的调查对象选择“基层医疗卫生机构药品不全”。99.15%(585/590)的调查对象认为糖尿病患者应由医生来决定转诊;98.47%(581/590)的调查对象认为糖尿病双向转诊有必要性;分别有15.25%(90/590)、56.10%(331/590)的调查对象认为糖尿病双向转诊的效果非常好、比较好;94.75%(559/590)的调查对象愿意将糖尿病患者转诊;90.68%(535/590)的调查对象认为糖尿病患者下转后治疗方案、病情评估有延续性;分别有10.68%(63/590)、45.08%(266/590)的调查对象对糖尿病双向转诊很满意、比较满意。结论 上海市浦东新区区属公立医疗机构医务人员对糖尿病双向转诊的了解情况一般,对糖尿病双向转诊的标准认识未完全达成共识,对糖尿病双向转诊的满意度不高,需要进一步探讨糖尿病双向转诊新模式,并达成糖尿病双向转诊的共识。

关键词: 糖尿病, 双向转诊, 分级诊疗, 医疗机构, 卫生保健改革, 上海

Abstract: Background As diabetes is a complex lifelong chronic disease,treatment of diabetes is a long-term management that needs to be adjusted continuously according to the disease condition.The implementation of bi-directional referrals for diabetes plays an extremely important role in rationally utilizing medical resources and diminishing the burden of the family and the country.Objective To investigate the cognition and satisfaction regarding bi-directional referrals for diabetes among medical workers in public medical institutions in Pudong New Area,Shanghai,to provide a reference for improving hierarchical medical system and medical consortium development in this area.Methods In October 2019,participants(n=621) were recruited from public medical institutions in Pudong New Area,including endocrinologists from 7 secondary and tertiary medical institutions,and general practitioners(GPs) from 47 community health centers(CHCs).They were invited to complete an online survey conducted on www.wjx.cn platform using a self-administered questionnaire developed by our research group,covering demographic information,knowledge of bi-directional referrals for diabetes(single-choice questions),knowledge of causes and criteria of bi-directional referrals for diabetes(multiple choice questions),and attitudes and satisfaction regarding bi-directional referrals for diabetes(single-choice questions).Results The survey achieved a response rate of 95.01%(590/621).The prevalence of knowing bi-directional referrals for diabetes was 82.88%(489/590).The prevalence of knowing bi-directional referral system for diabetes well and very well was 50.84%(300/590).The prevalence of knowing criteria of bi-directional referrals for diabetes well and very well was 54.92%(324/590).The prevalence of knowing their hospital had a designated institution for referring diabetics bi-directionally was 83.22%(491/590).Professional title was associated with the difference in the choice of the answer to "Whether knowing bi-directional referral system for diabetes"(P<0.05).The prevalence of choosing "Limited categories of drugs available in primary care" as the answer to "The most common cause of upward referrals for diabetics" was 84.92%(501/590).The prevalence of choosing "Getting an initial diagnosis of diabetes in primary care(and needing services such as diabetic classification and diabetic complications detection)" as the answer to "Criteria of bi-directional referrals for diabetes" was 35.59%(210/590).The prevalence of choosing "The detected chronic diabetic complications are stable with interventions" as the answer to "Downward referral criteria for diabetes(from a higher level hospital to the CHCs)" was 95.76%(565/590).The prevalence of choosing "Short distance to the CHCs from home facilitates convenient access to care" as the answer to "Reasons for diabetics' preference of getting back to the CHCs for treatment" was 96.10%(567/590).The prevalence of choosing "Insufficient drugs available in primary care" as the answer to "Reasons for diabetics' reluctance to get back to the CHCs for treatment" was 87.63%(517/590).99.15%(585/590) of the respondents believed that diabetics referral should be determined by GPs or endocrinologists.98.47%(581/590)of the respondents believed that bi-directional referrals are needed for diabetes.15.25%(90/590) and 56.10%(331/590)of the respondents thought that the effects of referrals for diabetes were very good and relatively good,respectively.94.75%(559/590) of the respondents were willing to refer diabetics.90.68%(535/590)of the respondents thought that the treatment option modification and condition evaluation should be continued after the downward referral.10.68%(63/590) and 45.08%(266/590) of the respondents of the respondents were very satisfied and relatively satisfied with bi-directional referrals for diabetes.Conclusion Medical workers in public medical institutions in Pudong New Area had an intermediate understanding of bi-directional referrals for diabetes.They did not reach a consensus on the criteria of bi-directional referrals for diabetes,and were not very satisfied with such referral services generally.In view of this,new patterns for bi-directional referrals for diabetes should be further explored,and the consensus on criteria of bi-directional referrals should be reached.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Bi-directional referrals, Graded diagnosis, Medical institutions, Health care reform, Shanghai