中国全科医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (29): 3625-3630.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0441

• 专题研究·吞咽障碍 • 上一篇    下一篇

间歇性θ短阵脉冲刺激联合下颌抗阻力训练治疗脑卒中患者吞咽障碍:一项随机对照试验

韩雪1, 刘换1, 娄晓乐1, 宋佳苧1, 张子昂1, 耿宗晓1, 王姗1, 张永卿2, 徐磊1,*()   

  1. 1.233000 安徽省蚌埠市,蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院康复医学科
    2.230000 安徽省合肥市,安徽医科大学第二附属医院康复医学科
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-10 修回日期:2024-11-15 出版日期:2025-10-15 发布日期:2025-08-26
  • 通讯作者: 徐磊

  • 作者贡献:

    韩雪负责研究的构思与设计,试验的实施,论文撰写;刘换、娄晓乐、宋佳苧负责量表评估,整理数据;张子昂、耿宗晓负责招募受试者;王姗负责采集经颅磁数据;张永卿负责统计学处理;徐磊负责文章质量控制,对文章整体进行监督管理;所有作者确认了论文终稿。

  • 基金资助:
    安徽省高校自然科学项目(2023AH051912); 安徽省青年江淮名医人才项目(皖卫函〔2022〕392); 蚌埠医学院2021年度研究生科研创新计划105项资助立项项目(Byycx21089)

Intermittent θ Burst Stimulation Combined with Chin Tuck Against Resistance Training for Dysphagia in Stroke Patients: a Randomized Controlled Trial

HAN Xue1, LIU Huan1, LOU Xiaole1, SONG Jianing1, ZHANG Ziang1, GENG Zongxiao1, WANG Shan1, ZHANG Yongqing2, XU Lei1,*()   

  1. 1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233000, China
    2. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China
  • Received:2024-09-10 Revised:2024-11-15 Published:2025-10-15 Online:2025-08-26
  • Contact: XU Lei

摘要: 背景 吞咽障碍是脑卒中后常见的并发症,而吞咽功能的恢复在患者摄取营养、减少并发症和提高生活质量等方面具有重要意义。尽管间歇性θ短阵脉冲刺激(iTBS)和下颌抗阻力训练(CTAR)已被证明在改善吞咽障碍方面有显著疗效,但目前将iTBS联合CTAR治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者的研究较少,其康复疗效有待进一步取证。 目的 观察iTBS联合CTAR对脑卒中患者吞咽功能的临床疗效。 方法 2023年3月—2024年7月,选取蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院康复医学科就诊的脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者90例,按照随机数字表法将患者分为常规组(n=30)、CTAR组(n=30)和联合组(n=30)。常规组进行常规吞咽训练,CTAR组在常规组的基础上进行CTAR,联合组在CTAR组的基础上接受大脑皮质iTBS刺激,5次/周,共4周。治疗前后选用标准吞咽功能评定量表(SSA)和功能性经口摄食表分级量表(FOIS)进行评估,表面肌电(sEMG)测量患者舌骨上肌群的吞咽时程及最大波峰值,并且比较三组患者的临床疗效。 结果 最终纳入常规组30例、CTAR组30例和联合组30例。治疗4周后,三组患者SSA评分较组内治疗前降低,FOIS评分、sEMG的最大波峰值较组内治疗前升高,吞咽时程均较组内治疗前缩短(P<0.05)。治疗4周后,CTAR组、联合组患者的SSA评分低于常规组,FOIS评分、sEMG的最大波峰值高于常规组,吞咽时程短于常规组(P<0.05);联合组患者SSA评分低于CTAR组,FOIS评分、sEMG的最大波峰值高于CTAR组,吞咽时程短于CTAR组(P<0.05);且CTAR组、联合组的总有效率高于常规组(P<0.017),联合组的总有效率高于CTAR组(P<0.017)。 结论 iTBS联合CTAR可以有效改善脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者的吞咽功能,强化吞咽肌群肌力,提高其生活质量。

关键词: 吞咽障碍, 脑卒中, 康复, 经颅磁刺激, 间歇性θ短阵脉冲刺激, 下颌抗阻力训练, 随机对照试验

Abstract:

Background

Swallowing dysfunction is a common complication after stroke, and the recovery of swallowing function is important regarding patients' intake of nutrients, improved quality of life, reduced risk of complications, and improved quality of life. Although intermittent θ burst stimulation (iTBS) and chin tuck against resistance (CTAR) have been shown to have significant effects in improving dysphagia, fewer studies have been performed on combining iTBS with CTAR in the treatment of patients with dysphagia in stroke, and its rehabilitative effects need to be further investigated.

Objective

To observe the clinical effects of iTBS combined with CTAR training on swallowing function in stroke patients.

Methods

From March 2023 to July 2024, 90 patients with post-stroke dysphagia attending the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University were selected. The patients were randomly divided into the routine group (n=30), the CTAR group (n=30), and the combined group (n=30) according to the method of random number table. The routine group received conventional swallowing training, the CTAR group received CTAR training based on the routine group, and the combined group received iTBS based on the CTAR group. Both groups received treatment five times per week for four weeks. The Standard Swallowing Assessment (SSA) and Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) were used before and after the treatment. Surface electromyography (sEMG) was used to measure the duration of swallowing and the maximum amplitude value of the supraglottic muscle group and to compare the clinical effects of the three groups of patients.

Results

Thirty cases in the routine group, 30 cases in the CTAR group, and 30 cases in the combined group were finally included. After 4 weeks of treatment, the SSA score of the patients in the three groups was lower than those before treatment in the group, the FOIS score and the maximum amplitude value of sEMG were higher than those before treatment in the group, and the duration of swallowing was shorter than those before treatment in the group (P<0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, the SSA score of the patients in the CTAR group and the combined group was lower than those in the routine group, the FOIS score and the maximum amplitude value of sEMG in the CTAR group and the combined group were higher than those in the routine group, and the duration of swallowing in the CTAR group and the combined group was shorter than those in the routine group (P<0.05) ; the SSA score of the patients in the combined group was lower than those in the CTAR group, the FOIS score and the maximum amplitude value of sEMG in the combined group were higher than those in the CTAR group, and the duration of swallowing in the combined group was shorter than those in the CTAR group (P<0.05). And the overall effective rate of the CTAR group and the combined group was higher than that of the routine group (P<0.017), and the overall effective rate of the combined group was higher than that of the CTAR group (P<0.017) .

Conclusion

CTAR combined with iTBS can improve the swallowing function of stroke patients with dysphagia, reinforce the strength of swallowing muscle groups, and enhance their quality of life.

Key words: Deglutition disorders, Stroke, Rehabilitation, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Intermittent θ burst stimulation, Chin tuck against resistance, Randomized controlled trial

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