关键词: 高血压, 青年人, 病因学, 疾病特征

Abstract: Background　Annual hypertension incidence is increasing in young adults.However，due to inadequate identification of and insufficient attention paid to this group，there are no guidelines for the prevention and treatment of hypertension in this group.Objective　To examine the clinical characteristics of hypertension in young adults，providing suggestions and references for early diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in this group.Methods　We enrolled 875 young adults（≤35 years old） who were initially hospitalized for hypertension from Hypertension Center，Fuwai Hospital from 2016 to 2017.We collected their clinical data，etiological types，complications and indicators of target organ damage.Results　Of the participants，624（71.3%） had essential hypertension，and 451（72.3%） of them were men.251（28.7%） had secondary hypertension，and 168（66.9%） of them were men.Obstructive sleep apnea（OSA） was the most common cause of secondary hypertension in 251 young adults, followed by renal artery stenosis（RAS）, primary aldosteronism（PA）, aortic stenosis, polycystic ovary syndrome and renal parenchymal hypertension. Other rare causes included thyroid dysfunction, Cushing's syndrome, Liddle's syndrome and pheochromocytoma.Compared with those with essential hypertension，secondary hypertension patients had higher mean admission blood pressure levels，and higher rates of renal insufficiency，heart failure，aortic dissection，and peripheral arterial stenosis/occlusion（P<0.05）.Conclusion　Essential hypertension is more common in young hypertensive adults，especially in males.Nearly one third of them have factors that can lead to secondary hypertension，among which OSA，RAS，and PA are three major ones.Secondary hypertension patients have higher admission blood pressure and more severe target organ damage than those with essential hypertension.

Key words: Hypertension, Young adults, Pathogenec factor, Disease attributes