关键词: 戊型肝炎病毒, 自身免疫功能不全, 纤维化, 肝, 肝硬化

Abstract: The clinical progress and outcome of hepatitis E virus（HEV） infected patients with immune insufficiency is an emerging issue in recent years.In patients with normal immune function，HEV infection usually manifests as acute self-limiting hepatitis.However，in solid organ transplant patients，HEV infection was susceptible to switch to chronic and could even rapidly develop into significant hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis.Compared to the kidney transplant recipients with HEV infection，liver transplant recipients with HEV infection might be more likely to develop into chronic hepatitis，hepatic fibrosis，and cirrhosis.HEV infection was also easy to become chronic in patients with human immunodeficiency virus（HIV） infection and hematological malignancy，but further research is needed on whether infection or exposure of HEV can promote its to the progress of hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis. The solid organ transplant recipients might be more likely to be infected by HEV than HIV infected patients and hematological malignancy patients，however，all of them with HEV infection had high risk of chronic infection development.In the immunocompromised patients，HEV infection requires early detection，early diagnosis and early treatment，and its diagnosis mainly dependents on the detection of HEV-RNA in serum or faeces.The detected HEV genotypes in chronic HEV infection patients are genotype HEV3 at present.

Key words: Hepatitis E virus；Autoimmune insufficiency；Fibrosis, liver；Liver cirrhosis