中国全科医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (09): 1118-1125.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0564

所属专题: 呼吸疾病文章合集

• 论著·大数据分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

1990—2019年金砖国家慢性阻塞性肺疾病疾病负担研究

王雪婷, 蒋祎*()   

  1. 401331 重庆市,重庆医科大学公共卫生学院
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-29 修回日期:2023-10-07 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2023-12-19
  • 通讯作者: 蒋祎

  • 作者贡献:王雪婷和蒋祎共同提出研究命题和研究思路、设计研究方案;王雪婷负责论文数据收集、整理、分析以及论文的起草和修改;蒋祎负责论文版本的修订,对论文进行质量管理及整体监督。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金资助项目(23BGJ055)

Disease Burden of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the BRICS Countries from 1990 to 2019

WANG Xueting, JIANG Yi*()   

  1. School of Public Health, Chongqing Medicine University, Chongqing 401331, China
  • Received:2023-08-29 Revised:2023-10-07 Published:2024-03-20 Online:2023-12-19
  • Contact: JIANG Yi

摘要: 背景 作为新兴经济体,金砖国家(巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非)慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)疾病负担的显著增加成为其共同面临的卫生挑战。目的 本研究旨在了解金砖国家因COPD所致疾病负担现状、既往变化趋势和归因危险因素,为我国评价和制定COPD防控策略、加强金砖国家卫生合作提供依据。方法 利用2019年全球疾病负担研究(GBD 2019),对1990—2019年金砖国家COPD的患病率、死亡率、伤残寿命调整年(DALY)率的变化趋势进行描述,使用Joinpoint软件计算其年度变化百分比(APC)与平均年度变化百分比(AAPC),运用人群归因危险百分比(PAF)估计不同危险因素导致COPD疾病负担的比例。结果 2019年金砖国家疾病负担均随年龄增长呈上升趋势,在45岁以上增长迅速且存在一定性别差异;1990—2019年金砖国家COPD患病率均呈上升趋势,除印度外其他金砖国家的死亡率和DALY率均观察到下降趋势;金砖国家标化患病率、标化死亡率和标化DALY率的AAPC均呈下降趋势,中国下降幅度最大,AAPC分别为-1.14%、-4.22%和-4.17%(P<0.05);烟草使用是巴西、俄罗斯、中国和南非COPD疾病负担的首位危险因素,PAF均超过50%,而印度的首位危险因素为空气污染。结论 金砖国家COPD疾病负担依然沉重,且不同国家内部存在差异;金砖国家COPD防治行动取得积极成果,但总体改善程度不及亚太高收入国家;中国COPD疾病负担总量下降趋势明显,但防控形势依旧严峻;金砖国家应更加关注中老年群体的COPD防治,同时持续关注因烟草使用和环境污染等引起的健康效应问题。

关键词: 肺疾病, 慢性阻塞性, 全球疾病负担, 金砖国家, 患病率, 死亡率, 伤残寿命调整年率, 危险因素

Abstract:

Background

As emerging economies, the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) face similar challenges of a significant increase in the burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) .

Objective

To understand the current situation, past trends and attributable risk factors of the burden of disease caused by COPD in the BRICS countries, and provide a basis for evaluating and developing prevention and control strategies of COPD and strengthening health cooperation among the BRICS countries.

Methods

The trends in prevalence, mortality and disability life-adjusted year (DALY) rates of COPD in the BRICS countries from 1990 to 2019 was characterized by using the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Database (GBD 2019) . Annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) were calculated using Joinpoint software, and population attributable fraction (PAF) was used to estimate the proportion of COPD disease burden attributable to different risk factors.

Results

The disease burden in the BRICS countries showed an increasing trend with age in 2019, and increased rapidly above 45 years of age with a certain gender difference. From 1990 to 2019, the prevalence of COPD was on the rise in all BRICS countries, while the mortality and DALY rates were on the decline in all BRICS countries except India. The standardized prevalence rate, standardized mortality rate and standardized DALY rate in the BRICS countries showed a decreasing trend, and the decrease was the largest in China, with the AAPC value of -1.14, -4.22 and -4.17, respectively (P<0.05) . Tobacco use was the top risk factor for COPD disease burden in Brazil, Russia, China and South Africa, with a PAF of more than 50%, while the top risk factor in India was air pollution.

Conclusion

The burden of COPD disease remains high in the BRICS countries, with differences within countries. Positive results have been achieved in the prevention and treatment of COPD in BRICS countries, but the overall improvement is less than that in the high-income countries in Asia-Pacific. The total burden of COPD in China has decreased significantly, but the prevention and control situation is still serious. The BRICS countries should pay more attention to the prevention and treatment of COPD in the middle-aged and elderly population, and continue to pay attention to the health effects caused by tobacco use and environmental pollution at the same time.

Key words: Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive, Global Burden of Disease, BRICS countries, Prevalence, Mortality, Disability life-adjusted year rate, Risk factors