中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (01): 20-28.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.00.339

所属专题: 社区卫生服务最新研究合集 全科临床质量改进专题研究 全科质控专项研究

• 全科临床质量改进专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

国内外社区卫生服务质量评价内容差异的系统综述

张倩倩1,2,3, 金花1,2,3, 于德华1,2,3,*   

  1. 1.200090 上海市,同济大学附属杨浦医院全科医学科
    2.200090 上海市全科医学临床质量控制中心
    3.200090 上海市全科医学与社区卫生发展研究中心
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-13 修回日期:2021-11-29 出版日期:2022-01-05 发布日期:2021-12-29
  • 通讯作者: 于德华
  • 基金资助:
    上海市领军人才(YDH-20170627);上海市医院协会医院管理研究基金2021年青年课题(Q2021060);上海市医药卫生发展基金(Se1201931)

Differences of Community Health Service Quality Evaluation in China and Abroada Systematic Review

ZHANG Qianqian123JIN Hua123YU Dehua123*   

  1. 1.Department of General PracticeYangpu HospitalTongji University School of MedcineShanghai 200090China

    2.Shanghai General Practice Clinical Quality Control CenterShanghai 200090China

    3.Shanghai General Practice and Community Health Development Research CenterShanghai 200090China

    *Corresponding authorYU DehuaChief physicianProfessorDoctoral supervisorE-mailydh1404@sina.com

  • Received:2021-09-13 Revised:2021-11-29 Published:2022-01-05 Online:2021-12-29

摘要: 背景随着我国社区卫生服务工作的深入发展,社区卫生服务的质量评价越来越受到重视,但目前我国社区卫生服务质量评价研究仍处于探索阶段。建立适合我国国情的社区卫生服务质量评价体系,对我国社区卫生服务的发展至关重要。目的通过对国内外社区卫生服务质量评价相关研究进行分析,比较国内外社区卫生服务质量评价研究在评价视角、内容上的共性与差异,以期为我国社区卫生服务质量评价工作的开展提供理论依据。方法系统检索建库至2020年10月15日发表于中国知网、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库、万方数据知识服务平台、PubMed的关于社区卫生服务质量评价的研究,由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料后,分析纳入的国内外社区卫生服务质量评价研究在评价视角、内容上的共性与差异,采用描述分析法对结果进行汇总、分析。结果最终纳入英文研究62项,中文研究16项。分别有10项英文研究、7项中文研究,从社区卫生服务特征的主要维度(首诊、人性化、可及性、连续性、协调性、综合性)出发,对社区卫生服务质量进行评价。其中,国外研究多以服务的协调性(7/10)、人性化(6/10)和可及性(5/10)作为评价社区卫生服务质量的出发点,国内研究则侧重于从服务的人性化(6/7)、综合性(4/7)和可及性(4/7)角度对社区卫生服务质量进行评价。分别有52项英文研究、9项中文研究对具体社区卫生服务内容的质量进行评价。其中,国外研究多将慢性病管理〔2型糖尿病(12/52)、心脑血管系统疾病(11/52)、高血压(7/52)、呼吸系统疾病(7/52)、慢性肾脏病(5/52)〕作为评价内容,其他常见评价内容还包括抗菌药物使用(5/52)、肿瘤筛查(5/52)、安全用药(5/52)、儿童保健(5/52)及老年照护(5/52)等;国内研究则多将慢性病管理〔糖尿病(3/9)、高血压(3/9)〕、孕产妇保健管理(3/9)等作为评价内容。结论社区卫生服务质量评价已愈发引起国内外学术界的充分重视。与国外研究相比,从涉及的社区卫生服务特征维度来看,我国社区卫生服务质量评价研究存在对首诊、协调性服务质量评价关注度不足的问题;从涉及的具体社区卫生服务内容来看,我国社区卫生服务质量评价研究的评价内容不够全面、缺乏对常见病与多发病诊疗质量的评价。下一步,需将解决上述问题作为推进社区卫生服务质量评价工作的突破口,通过提高社区卫生服务质量评价研究的深度和广度,健全并不断优化社区卫生服务质量评价体系。

本文更多信息:本专题研究通信作者接受本刊专访,对该专题研究重点内容进行了解读,视频链接为https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/yWGiD6uprUV3ynYgHdStFA,点击即可在线查看。

关键词: 全科医学, 社区卫生服务, 卫生保健质量, 获取和评价, 质量管理, 质量改进

Abstract: Background

In China, the assessment of community health services has been increasingly valued as the development of such services advances, but relevant research is still at the exploratory stage. Therefore, establishing a community health service quality evaluation system suitable for China's national conditions is critical to domestic development of such services.

Objective

To perform a review of studies about community health service quality evaluation in China and abroad to identify the similarities and differences in terms of assessment perspectives and contents between them, providing theoretic evidence for further implementation of such evaluations in China.

Methods

Studies regarding community health service quality evaluation were systematically searched in databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure, CQVIP, Wanfang and PubMed from inception to October 15, 2020. Two researchers performed literature screening, data extraction, and comparative analysis of community health service quality evaluation at home and abroad by assessment perspectives and contents, separately. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the comparative results.

Results

In total, 62 articles in English, and 16 articles in Chinese were included, among which 10 in English and 7 in Chinese evaluated the quality of community health services in terms of the major factors of features of community health services (first contact, humanization, accessibility, continuity, coordination and comprehensiveness) . The top 3 highlights of these 10 foreign articles were coordination (7/10) , humanization (6/10) and accessibility (5/10) , while those of 7 domestic articles were humanization (6/7) , comprehensiveness (4/7) and accessibility (4/7) . Fifty-two articles in English and 9 articles in Chinese assessed the quality of specific community health services, and these foreign articles mostly focused on the management of chronic diseases〔type 2 diabetes (12/52) , cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (11/52) , hypertension (7/52) , respiratory diseases (7/52) , chronic kidney disease (5/52) 〕, followed by the use of antibiotics (5/52) , cancer screening (5/52) , medication safety (5/52) , child health care (5/52) and geriatric care (5/52) , while domestic articles mostly focused on the management of chronic diseases〔type 2 diabetes (3/9) , hypertension (3/9) 〕, and maternal health management (3/9) .

Conclusion

The quality of community health services is increasingly valued by relevant academic circles. Compared to foreign studies, domestic studies are far less concerned about first contact and coordination, and the assessed specific services in which are not complete, with no quality assessment of diagnosis and treatment of common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases. It is suggested to address the above-mentioned issues to promote the community health service quality evaluation, and improve the depth and breadth of relevant research, thereby the community health service quality evaluation system could be improved constantly.

Key words: General practice, Community health services, Health care quality, access, and evaluation, Quality management, Quality improvement

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