关键词: 围绝经期, 绝经后期, 甲状腺疾病, 患病率, 疾病特征, 乌鲁木齐

Abstract: Background　Thyroid disease is the second most-common endocrine and metabolic system disease，with increasing incidence recently.However，there are no large-scale studies on the prevalence and characteristics of thyroid diseases in peri- and post-menopausal women.Objective　To investigate the prevalence of thyroid diseases in peri- and post-menopausal women in Urumqi，and to explore the significance of thyroid function screening in this population.Methods　From May to June 2017，by use of clustering random sampling，eligible women aged 40-60 years old （n=620） were recruited from two randomly selected urban communities of Urumqi.Thyroid hormones （thyroid-stimulating hormone，free thyroxine，free triiodothyronine） and thyroid autoantibodies 〔thyroid peroxidase antibody （TPOAb），anti-thyroglobulin antibody （TGAb）〕were measured and thyroid disease was screened.The levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid autoantibodies and the prevalence of thyroid diseases were compared across groups stratified by menstrual status （regular，peri- and post-menopausal menstruation） and by age （40-44，45-49，50-54，55-60）.Results　Of the participants，the prevalence of regular，peri- and post-menopausal menstruation was 45.8%（284/620），18.9%（117/620），and 35.3%（219/620），respectively，and the percentages of age groups of 40-44，45-49，50-54 and 55-60 were 27.9%（173/620），29.8%（185/620），18.6%（115/620），and 23.7%（147/620），respectively.The prevalence of hypothyroidism，subclinical hypothyroidism，hyperthyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism were 2.7%（17/620），23.9%（148/620），0.4%（3/620） and 1.0%（6/620），respectively.The prevalence of Hashimoto thyroiditis，TGAb positivity，TPOAb positivity，and thyroid nodules was 35.0% （217/620），22.6% （140/620），27.6% （171/620），and 32.4% （201/620），respectively.The mean TPOAb level，and prevalence of thyroid nodule and TPOAb positivity differed significantly across groups of regular，peri- and post-menopausal menstruation（P<0.05）.There was significant difference in the prevalence of thyroid nodules among the 4 age groups（P<0.05）.There was no significant difference in the prevalence of hypothyroidism，subclinical hypothyroidism，hyperthyroidism，subclinical hyperthyroidism，Hashimoto thyroiditis or TGAb positivity in groups of regular，peri- and post-menopausal menstruation（P>0.05）.There was no significant difference in the prevalence of hypothyroidism，subclinical hypothyroidism，hyperthyroidism，subclinical hyperthyroidism，Hashimoto thyroiditis，TPOAb positivity or TGAb positivity in different age groups（P>0.05）.Conclusion　The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism，Hashimoto thyroiditis or thyroid nodules in 40-60-year-old women was higher than that of general population in Urumqi，Xinjiang.The prevalence of thyroid nodules varied by menstrual status and age.The prevalence of TPOAb positivity varied by menstrual status.

Key words: Perimenopause, Postmenopause, Thyroid diseases, Prevalence, Disease attributes, Urumqi