中国全科医学 ›› 2020, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (33): 4246-4251.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.617

所属专题: 神经退行性病变最新文章合集 精神卫生最新文章合集 阿尔茨海默病最新文章合集

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

社区老年轻度认知障碍患者抑郁焦虑状况及影响因素研究

马佳1,2,张韶伟2,刘文斌2,陈慎2,于德华3,钱洁4,李春波5,陆媛1,3*   

  1. 1.200090上海市,同济大学医学院全科医学系 2.200090上海市杨浦区定海社区卫生服务中心 3.200090上海市,同济大学附属杨浦医院全科医学科 4.200090上海市,同济大学附属杨浦医院心理科 5.200030上海市,上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心
    *通信作者:陆媛,副主任医师,硕士生导师;E-mail:lussy@126.com
  • 出版日期:2020-11-20 发布日期:2020-11-20
  • 基金资助:
    基金项目:上海市卫生计生系统重要薄弱学科建设计划基金(2015ZB0603)

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression and Anxiety in Elderly Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Community:a Cross-sectional Study MA

Jia1,2,ZHANG Shaowei2,LIU Wenbin2,CHEN Shen2,YU Dehua3,QIAN Jie4,LI Chunbo5,LU Yuan1,3*   

  1. 1.Academic Department of General Practice,Tongji University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200090,China
    2.Yangpu District Dinghai Community Health Center,Shanghai 200090,China
    3.Department of General Practice,Yangpu Hospital,Tongji University,Shanghai 200090,China
    4.Department of Psychology,Yangpu Hospital,Tongji University,Shanghai 200090,China
    5.Shanghai Mental Health Center,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200030,China
    *Corresponding author:LU Yuan,Associate chief physician,Master supervisor;E-mail:lussy@126.com
  • Published:2020-11-20 Online:2020-11-20

摘要: 背景 轻度认知障碍(MCI)是介于正常衰老和痴呆之间的一种临床过渡状态。抑郁和焦虑症状是MCI患者常见的神经精神症状,是MCI的危险因素,也是促使MCI向痴呆转化的危险因素。目的 了解上海市杨浦区某社区老年MCI患者抑郁、焦虑状况及影响因素。方法 于2018年4—7月,采用整群抽样法,选取上海市杨浦区定海街道所属居委会的60岁及以上老年人1 587例,利用蒙特利尔认知评估基础量表(MoCA-B)筛查并临床确诊MCI患者,采用老年抑郁量表(GDS)和汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)对MCI患者进行评估。采用二分类Logistic逐步回归分析MCI患者抑郁和焦虑症状的影响因素。结果 本次共调查1 587例社区老年人,诊断为MCI 342例(21.55%),抑郁和焦虑症状的阳性检出率分别是38.9%(133/342)和34.2%(117/342)。单因素分析结果显示:不同年龄、月经济收入、经济满意度、饮酒、睡眠、MoCA-B评分MCI患者的抑郁症状阳性检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同月经济收入、经济满意度、吸烟、饮酒、睡眠、慢性病种数MCI患者的焦虑症状阳性检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二分类Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示:年龄、月经济收入、经济满意度、饮酒、睡眠、MoCA-B评分6个变量是老年MCI患者抑郁症状的影响因素(P<0.05);月经济收入、饮酒、睡眠3个变量是老年MCI患者焦虑症状的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 社区老年MCI患者抑郁和焦虑症状检出率较高,老年MCI患者抑郁、焦虑症状的影响因素较多,今后需要针对相应危险因素行进一步的队列或干预研究。

关键词: 轻度认知障碍, 抑郁症状, 焦虑症状, 影响因素分析, 老年人, 上海

Abstract: Background Mild cognitive impairment(MCI)  is a clinical state between normal age-related cognitive decline and dementia.Depression and anxiety are the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with MCI.They are risk factors for MCI,and for the progression of MCI to dementia.Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of depression and anxiety in elderly patients with MCI from a community of Yangpu District,Shanghai.Methods This cross-sectional survey was conducted between April and July,2018.By use of cluster sampling,1 587 elderly people aged 60 years or over were selected from the neighborhood committees of Dinghai Subdistrict,Yangpu District,Shanghai.Among them,those with MCI were screened out using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Basic(MoCA-B) and the clinical diagnostic criteria.MCI participants were further assessed by the Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale(HAMA) .The factors affecting depression and anxiety in patients with MCI were estimated using a stepwise binary Logistic regression model.Results A total of 342 cases(21.55%) were diagnosed with MCI,and among them,the prevalence of depression and anxiety was 38.9%(133/342) and 34.2%(117/342) ,respectively.Univariate analysis showed that the prevalence of depression differed significantly by age,mean monthly income,income satisfaction,alcohol consumption,sleep quality and MoCA-B score(P<0.05) .The prevalence of anxiety varied obviously by mean monthly income,income satisfaction,smoking consumption,alcohol consumption,sleep quality and number of chronic illnesses(P<0.05) .Further stepwise binary Logistic regression analysis revealed that in elderly MCI patients,age,mean monthly income,income satisfaction,alcohol consumption,sleep quality and MoCA-B score were associated with depression(P<0.05) ,and mean monthly income,alcohol consumption and sleep quality were associated with anxiety(P<0.05) .Conclusion The prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety is high in this group,which is associated with multiple factors.To reduce the prevalence,it is recommended to conduct cohort or intervention studies to further explore the risk factor management for MCI.

Key words: Mild cognitive impairment, Depression, Anxiety, Root cause analysis, Elderly people, Shanghai