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           Corresponding author:KELIMU·Abudureyimu,Chief physician;E-mail:klm6075@163.com
               【Abstract】 Background There is no a gold standard examination method for the diagnosis of hiatal hernia in patients
           with metabolic syndrome. Improving the preoperative detection rate of hiatal hernia is of great significance for formulating an
           appropriate surgical approach and avoiding severe postoperative complications. Objective To examine the diagnostic value of
           gastroscopy,high-resolution esophageal manometry and upper gastrointestinal contrast examination for hiatal hernia in metabolic
           syndrome. Methods Fifty-five patients with metabolic syndrome complicated with gastroesophageal reflux who were surgically
           treated in Department of Minimally Invasive,Hernia and Abdominal Surgery,People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous
           Region from September 2021 to April 2022 were retrospectively selected,including 17 with hiatal hernia found intraoperatively
           (complex group) and 38 without(simple group). The results of gastroscopy,high-resolution esophageal manometry,
           acid measurement,upper gastrointestinal contrast tests performed after admission and GERD-Q score were collected. Receiver
           operating characteristic(ROC) curves of these examination methods were plotted and the area under the ROC curve(AUC)
           was compared for estimating their diagnostic performance. Results Compared with simple group,complex group had higher
           diagnostic rates of gastroscopy,high-resolution esophageal manometry,greater manometric hiatal hernia diameter and upper
           gastrointestinal contrast examination,and higher Gerd-Q score(P<0.05). Complex group also had lower mean resting pressure
           of lower esophageal sphincter(LESP) and Demeester score(P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that
           Demeester score and findings upper gastrointestinal angiography were associated with the diagnosis of hiatus hernia in metabolic
           syndrome(P<0.05). ROC analysis indicated that all of gastroscopy(AUC=0.728,P=0.007),LESP(AUC=0.789,
           P=0.001),Demeester score(AUC=0.772,P=0.001),upper gastrointestinal contrast examination(AUC=0.774,
           P=0.007),Gerd-Q score(AUC=0.746,P=0.004) had an AUC greater than 0.7,indicating high clinical diagnostic value.
           Conclusion Gastroscopy,LESP,Demeester score,upper gastrointestinal contrast examination,and Gerd-Q score all had
           high diagnostic value for hiatus hernia in metabolic syndrome.
               【Key words】 Metabolic syndrome;Hernia,hiatal;Upper gastrointestinal contrast examination;Gastroscope;
           High-resolution esophageal manometry;Diagnostic value


               食管裂孔疝(hiatal hernia,HH)是指除食管以外                  肌分离距离为 1~2 cm 的患者是否存在 HH 还存在争议。
           的任何腹腔组织结构通过扩大的食管裂孔进入胸腔形成                            本研究旨在通过研究分析各种术前评估和检查方法的灵
           的疝,最常见的类型是滑动型 HH。HH 导致食管下括                          敏度和特异度,从而提高代谢综合征合并 HH 的检出率
           约肌(low esophageal sphincter,LES)功能异常,进而             和诊断的准确性。
           导致食管和胃连接部(esophagogastric junction,EGJ)             1 资料与方法
           抗反流屏障被破坏,从而引起反酸、胃灼热的胃食管反                            1.1 临床资料 回顾性选取 2021 年 9 月至 2022 年 4
           流症状   [1] 。代谢综合征是指人体蛋白质、脂肪、碳水                       月新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院微创、疝与腹壁外科收治
           化合物等物质发生代谢紊乱的病理状态,是多种代谢紊                            的代谢综合征合并胃食管反流并行手术治疗的患者 55
           乱的症候群,其共同病理基础是肥胖所造成的胰岛素抵                            例,其中男 10 例,女 45 例;年龄 21~54 岁,平均年龄
           抗和高胰岛素血症。代谢综合征患者难以通过饮食调节、                           (33.7±1.0)岁。根据术中所见将患者分为代谢综合征
           锻炼以及单纯内科治疗获得满意的效果,外科手术逐渐                            合并 HH 组(复杂组,17 例)和代谢综合征未合并 HH
           成为有效治疗的方式之一           [2] 。代谢综合征患者经常合               组(单纯组,38例)。两组患者年龄、性别、体质指数(BMI)
           并HH,手术治疗会造成严重的并发症,如胃食管反流病。                          比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),见表 1。
           代谢综合征患者腹腔压力为正常人的 2~3 倍,增加的腹                         1.2 纳入标准与排除标准 纳入标准:(1)肥胖症诊
           腔压力导致代谢综合征患者 HH 的发病率是正常人的 3
           倍 [3] ,因此提高代谢综合征合并 HH 的检出率,对于                                     表 1 两组患者基本资料比较
                                                                      Table 1 Comparison of baseline data of two groups
           制订合理的手术方案并且避免术后严重的并发症有重要
                                                                                  年龄       性别          BMI
           意义。代谢综合征患者合并 HH 的诊断尚无“金标准”,                            组别      例数   ( ±s,岁)   (男 / 女)   ( ±s,kg/m )
                                                                                                            2
           临床上常用内镜、上消化道造影、胸腹部 CT 以及高分                            单纯组       38   33.0±1.3    7/31     41.0±1.0
           辨率食管测压(high-resolution manometry,HRM)等检               复杂组       17   35.4±1.7    6/11     38.8±1.2
                                                                    2
           查手段进行术前评估。其中 HRM 作为监测食管运动功                           t(χ )值           -1.075    1.853 a     1.261
           能最精准的检查方法,对于 HH 的诊断作用逐渐被重视,                            P 值            0.287     0.173       0.213
                                                                          2
                                                                     a
           但是 2014 年 HRM 芝加哥分类标准         [4] 中对于 LES 与膈           注: 为χ 值;BMI= 体质指数
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