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（AMI）. Sham group and MI-SED group were not trained，MI-HIIT group received high-intensity and medium-intensity
training alternately，MI-MICT group received medium-intensity continuous training. After 1 week of AMI modeling，MI-HIIT
and MI-MICT groups received 8 weeks of training. At the end of 4 weeks of training，7 rats in each of the 4 groups were randomly
selected for detecting cardiac ultrasound，and weighing body weight，then were sacrificed，and their heart weight and serum
tumor necrosis factor（TNF-α）were measured，cardiac mass index was calculated，and heart tissues were measured using
H&E staining，Masson's Trichrome staining and immunohistochemical staining. At the end of 8 weeks of training，the same
operation was performed on the remaining 7 rats in each of the groups. Results After 4 weeks of training，the standardized
cardiac mass index of MI-HIIT group was higher than that of each of the other three groups（P<0.05）. The sham group had
higher ejection fraction（EF），fractional shortening（FS）and left ventricular end-systolic posterior wall thickness（LVPWs）
than MI-HIIT and MI-MICT groups（P<0.05）. MI-SED group had lower EF，FS，and LVPWs，and higher left ventricular
end-systolic diameter（LVESD） than MI-HIIT and MI-MICT groups（P<0.05）. After 8 weeks of training，MI-HIIT group
had lower body weight than sham and MI-SED groups，higher heart weight than sham，MI-SED and MI-MICT groups，and
higher standardized cardiac mass index than sham and MI-MICT groups（P<0.05）. MI-HIIT group demonstrated higher EF，
LVESD，left ventricular end-diastolic diameter （LVEDD），left ventricular end-systolic anterior wall thickness （LVAWs）
than sham and MI-SED groups（P<0.05）. Moreover，MI-HIIT group also showed higher FS and LVPWs than MI-SED group
（P<0.05）. HE staining results showed that MI-HIIT group had significantly improved inflammatory changes of heart tissue
and more closely arranged myocardial cells at the end of the 8th week of training compared with at the end of 4 weeks of training.
Masson's Trichrome staining results showed that after 8 weeks of training，the proportion of myocardial fibrillar collagen in
myocardial tissues of MI-SED group was higher than that of MI-HIIT and MI-MICT groups. Immunohistochemical results showed
that MI-HIIT group had more newly formed blood vessels in cardiac tissues than sham and MI-SED groups after 4 and 8 weeks
of training，so did the MI-MICT group. The number of newly formed blood vessels in cardiac tissues of MI-HIIT group was more
than that in MI-MICT group after 8 weeks of training. MI-HIIT group had higher serum TNF-α than MI-SED group after 4 weeks
of training. After 8 weeks of training，the serum TNF-α in MI-HIIT group was higher than that in MI-MICT group. Conclusion
HIIT performed in the early stage of AMI could improve cardiac mass index，induce early inflammatory response in myocardial
tissue，reduce myocardial fibrosis，promote angiogenesis and ventricular remodeling. HIIT had better overall effect than MICT.
【Key words】 Myocardial infarction；Rats；Exercise；Inflammation；Ventricular remodeling；Cardiac
rehabilitation；High-intensity interval training

心血管疾病作为严重威胁人类生命健康的常见病， 1.1.2 实验动物 实验选取 3 月龄雄性 SD 大鼠共 78 只，
具有高发病率、高死亡率、多并发症等特点。数据显 均由山西医科大学迎泽校区实验动物中心提供〔生产许
示，全世界每年死于心血管病的人数从 1990 年的 1 210 可证：SCXK（晋）2019-0004〕，其中有 19 只在 AMI
万增至 2019 年的 1 860 万，超过肿瘤，居各种死因之 造模期间死亡〔1 只于麻醉后死亡，18 只于左冠状动脉
首 ［1］ ，其中急性心肌梗死（acute myocardial infarction， 前降支（LAD）结扎时死亡〕，有 3 只大鼠在造模结束
AMI）会引起心脏左心室重构和功能障碍，造成严重不 后的 48 h 内死亡，最终纳入本实验的 SD 大鼠共 56 只，
良事件 ［2］ 。目前，AMI 在临床上有药物治疗、介入治 体质量（body weight，BW）为 230~270 g，在可控动物
疗等多种治疗方式，但经首次治疗的 AMI 患者中，约 房内分笼饲养（3 只 / 笼），饲养条件为温度（23±2）℃、
50% 在出院后发生严重冠脉事件 ［3］ 。心脏康复（cardia 湿度（60±10）% 和压差（25±2）Pa，自由饮食、水，
crehabilitation，CR）作为 AMI 治疗的重要环节，对提 标准 12 h 光照 /12 h 黑暗节律，6：00~18：00 为光照条
高患者生活质量、降低死亡率有重要意义 ［4］ 。运动作 件。本研究通过山西医科大学伦理委员会批准〔【2019】
为CR的核心要素，可能在AMI后的心肌细胞炎症、增殖、 伦审字（K-SK032）〕。
成熟三个阶段发挥重要作用 ［5-7］ ，参与心肌瘢痕形成和 1.1.3 实 验 仪 器 设 备 小 动 物 跑 步 机〔Columbus
左心室重构，可显著改善 AMI 预后 ［8］ 。本研究对 AMI Instruments（美国），型号：Exer3/6〕；超高分辨率小
大鼠进行 4~8 周跑步训练观察，分析运动对 AMI 后炎 动物超声成像系统〔Visualsonics Inc（加拿大），型号：
性反应、血管新生等过程的影响，拟探讨运动对左心室 Vevo3100〕；小动物电生理机和呼吸机（安徽正华生物
重构和心功能的影响。 仪器设备有限公司，型号：DW-3000）；正置白光拍照
1 材料与方法 显微镜（日本 Nikon 公司，型号：EclipseCi-L）。
1.1 实验材料 1.1.4 实验试剂 兔抗 CD31 多克隆抗体（武汉赛维尔
1.1.1 研究时间 研究自 2020 年 9 月至 2021 年 10 月。 生物科技有限公司，货号：GB13428）；山羊抗兔 IgG