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           抗肿瘤药物相关肾损害患者的临床病理特点分析



           耿同会,李涵,靳晶晶,程美娟,张胜雷,白亚玲,徐金升                             *                           扫描二维码
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               【摘要】 背景 肿瘤治疗措施导致的肾损害日益多见,而该领域关于相应患者肾脏病理的研究较少。目的 分
           析抗肿瘤药物相关肾损害患者的临床及肾脏病理特点。方法 选取 2013 年 10 月至 2021 年 8 月在河北医科大学第四
           医院肾内科住院并行肾穿刺活检的≥ 18 岁患者 112 例,肾损害出现时间位于发现肿瘤后或者与肿瘤同一时间出现,
           肾损害与恶性肿瘤或者肿瘤相关治疗存在直接或间接关系;既往应用化疗、分子靶向药物或免疫检查点抑制剂等全身
           治疗的患者纳入抗肿瘤药物组(65 例),其余患者纳入未用抗肿瘤药物组(47 例)。收集患者的一般资料、实验室
           检查和病理资料。分析抗肿瘤药物相关肾损害患者的临床及肾脏病理特点。结果 抗肿瘤药物组中 59 例实体瘤患者
           发生急性肾损伤(AKI)30 例(50.8%),6 例血液系统肿瘤患者发生 AKI 4 例(4/6)。未用抗肿瘤药物组 35 例实体
           瘤患者中发生 AKI 11 例(31.4%),12 例血液系统肿瘤患者发生 AKI 6 例(50.0%)。抗肿瘤药物组治疗前血肌酐低
           于治疗后(P<0.001)。抗肿瘤药物组性别、吸烟比例、血清白蛋白、尿蛋白阳性率与未用抗肿瘤药物组比较,差异有
           统计学意义(P<0.05);两组年龄、血红蛋白、血肌酐、尿素氮、尿酸、D- 二聚体、糖尿病比例、高血压比例、总胆
           固醇、三酰甘油、尿蛋白定量、AKI 发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。抗肿瘤药物组实体瘤患者肾脏病理
           表现为肾小管间质损伤的比例高于未用抗肿瘤药物组(P=0.023),而膜性肾病的比例较未用抗肿瘤药物组低(P=0.004)。
           抗肿瘤药物组最主要的病理表现为肾小管间质损伤 34 例(52.3%),未用抗肿瘤药物组最主要的病理表现为膜性肾病
           18 例(38.3%)、肾小管间质损伤 18 例(38.3%)。结论 抗肿瘤药物相关肾损害患者的临床及病理存在多种类型,
           抗肿瘤药物可能会导致肾功能的损害,应用期间应警惕肾小管间质损伤。
               【关键词】 肿瘤;抗肿瘤药;肾损害;临床特点;病理特点;疾病特征
               【中图分类号】 R 739.9  【文献标识码】 A DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0372
               耿同会,李涵,靳晶晶,等 . 抗肿瘤药物相关肾损害患者的临床病理特点分析[J]. 中国全科医学,2022,25(33):
           4153-4158,4167. [www.chinagp.net]
               GENG T H,LI H,JIN J J,et al. Clinicopathological features of anticancer drug-induced  kidney injury[J]. Chinese
           General Practice,2022,25(33):4153-4158,4167.

           Clinicopathological Features of Anticancer Drug-induced  Kidney Injury GENG Tonghui,LI Han,JIN Jingjing,
           CHENG Meijuan,ZHANG Shenglei,BAI Yaling,XU Jinsheng *
           Hebei Clinical Research Center for Chronic Kidney Disease/Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Calcification in Kidney Disease/
           Department of Nephrology,the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050011,China
           *
           Corresponding author:XU Jinsheng,Chief physician;E-mail:xjs5766@126.com
               【Abstract】 Background The prevalence of anticancer drug-induced kidney injury is increasing,but related
           renal pathology studies are still rare. Objective To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with anticancer
           drug-related kidney injury. Methods We selected 112 cancer inpatients aged 18 years or older with kidney injury (kidney
           injury occurred after cancer or nearly at the same time as cancer,and may be directly or indirectly associated with anticancer
           treatment) detected by kidney biopsy from Department of Nephrology,the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from
           October 2013 to August 2021. We assigned those(n=65) who were previously treated with chemotherapy,molecularly targeted
           drugs or immune checkpoint inhibitors and other systemic treatments to an anticancer drug group,and other cases(n=47) to a
           non-use anticancer drug group. We collected their demographics,laboratory examination and pathological data,and analyzed
           the clinical features and pathological characteristics of kidney of those with anticancer drug-related kidney injury. Results
           In the anticancer drug group,acute kidney injury(AKI) occurred in 30(50.8%) out of 59 cases of solid cancer,and in 4
           out of 6 cases of hematological cancer. In non-use anticancer drug group,AKI occurred in 11(31.4%) out of 35 cases of solid

               基金项目:河北省医学技术跟踪项目(G2018050);河北省重点研发计划项目(20377704D);河北省科技计划项目(16397733D)
               050011 河北省石家庄市,河北省慢性肾病临床医学研究中心 河北省肾脏病血管钙化重点实验室 河北医科大学第四医院肾内科
               *
               通信作者:徐金升,主任医师;E-mail:xjs5766@126.com
               本文数字出版日期:2022-09-01
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