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           城市社区儿童功能性便秘的患病率及影响因素研究



           张梦典,于爽,刘宇春,丁静              *                                                       扫描二维码
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               【摘要】 背景 功能性便秘(FC)在儿童中的患病率较高,影响因素复杂,对患儿健康危害较大。目前,国
           内外关于 FC 患病率及其影响因素的研究结果差异较大,而针对我国城市儿童 FC 的研究相对较少。目的 探讨城市社
           区儿童的 FC 患病率及影响因素,为建立社区儿童 FC 数据库并在社区开展儿童 FC 规范化、多学科、连续性管理提供
           数据支持。方法 于 2021 年 4—7 月,以北京市月坛社区为调查现场,从“北京市妇幼保健二期信息系统”中调取辖
           区内登记在册的 6~48 月龄儿童为研究对象。采用课题组自行设计的问卷对纳入儿童的主要监护人进行调查,内容包
           括:根据 2016 年颁布的儿童功能性胃肠病罗马Ⅳ标准 FC 部分编制的排便习惯相关问题,以及过敏史、家族史、分娩
           方式、出生 6 个月内喂养方式、食欲、饮食习惯、饮水量、体育活动频率、家庭育儿方式等 FC 的可能影响因素。共
           发放问卷 1 458 份,回收有效问卷 1 264 份,问卷有效回收率为 86.69%。结果 6~48 月龄儿童的 FC 患病率为 9.89%
          (125/1 264),6~12、13~36、37~48 月龄儿童的 FC 患病率分别为 10.39%(16/154)、8.75%(69/789)、12.46%(40/321),
           不同月龄儿童的 FC 患病率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素 Logistic 回归分析结果显示,过敏史、出生
           6 个月内喂养方式是 6~12 月龄儿童患 FC 的影响因素(P<0.05),过敏史、出生 6 个月内喂养方式、家庭育儿方式是
           13~36 月龄儿童患 FC 的影响因素(P<0.05),过敏史、家庭育儿方式是 37~48 月龄儿童患 FC 的影响因素(P<0.05)。
           结论 城市社区儿童的 FC 患病率较高,多种可防可控的因素和儿童 FC 相关,提示医务工作者要从儿童个人、家庭关
           系、社会环境多方面着手预防 FC。
               【关键词】 便秘;儿童保健服务;社区卫生服务;患病率;影响因素分析
               【中图分类号】 R 442.2 R 179 【文献标识码】 A DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0306
               张梦典,于爽,刘宇春,等 . 城市社区儿童功能性便秘的患病率及影响因素研究[J]. 中国全科医学,2022,25(28):
           3523-3530.[www.chinagp.net]
               ZHANG M D,YU S,LIU Y C,et al. Functional constipation in children from urban communities:prevalence and
           associated factors[J]. Chinese General Practice,2022,25(28):3523-3530.


           Functional Constipation in Children from Urban Communities:Prevalence and Associated Factors ZHANG
           Mengdian,YU Shuang,LIU Yuchun,DING Jing *
           Yuetan Community Health Center,Fuxing Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100045,China
           *
           Corresponding author:DING Jing,Chief physician,Master supervisor;E-mail:xiaoxiaodingj@ccmu.edu.cn
               【Abstract】 Background Functional constipation(FC) is highly prevalent with complex associated factors in
           children,posing great health risk to the affected children. So far,the results of studies on the prevalence of FC and its influencing
           factors vary widely,and those focusing on FC in urban children in China are relatively few. Objective The purpose was to
           investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of FC in children in urban communities,so as to provide data support for
           establishing a database of FC in children in the community and for carrying out standardized,multidisciplinary and continuous
           management of FC in children in the community. Methods Children aged 6 to 48 months who were registered as recipients
           of health services delivered by Yuetan Community Health Center,Beijing were selected from the Beijing Maternal and Child
           Healthcare Information System(Phase 2) during the period from April to July 2021. A questionnaire designed by our research
           group was used to survey the primary guardians of the included children,focusing on questions related to defecation habits
           prepared according to the Rome Ⅳ criteria for FC in the Childhood Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders:Neonate/Toddler issued
           in 2016,and factors possibly influencing FC including history of allergies,family history of constipation,mode of delivery,
           feeding practices,appetite,eating habits,daily water intake,frequency of physical activity,and family parenting practices.
           In total,1 458 guardians attended the survey,and children of the 1 264(86.69%) guardians who handed in responsive


               基金项目:首都卫生发展科研专项(首发 2020-2-7023)——中医全科医师参与的“以患者为中心的医疗之家”(PCMH)模
           式下小儿功能性便秘的效果评价
               100045 北京市,首都医科大学附属复兴医院月坛社区卫生服务中心
               *
               通信作者:丁静,主任医师,硕士生导师;E-mail:xiaoxiaodingj@ccmu.edu.cn
               本文数字出版日期:2022-08-12
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