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http://www.chinagp.net E-mail:zgqkyx@chinagp.net.cn ·2899·
·脑健康研究·认知功能障碍·
感官功能障碍在认知功能障碍疾病早期识别
与干预中的价值与探索
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马云云 ,宋玉磊 ,王蒙蒙 ,梁晓 ,张薛晴 ,徐桂华 ,杜丹丹 ,柏亚妹 1* 查看原文
【摘要】 认知功能障碍疾病初期症状隐匿,发现时多已处于痴呆阶段,而痴呆尚无有效治愈手段,因此探究简
便易行的认知功能障碍疾病早期预警信号、开展及时有效的干预是认知功能障碍疾病防治的关键。大量研究表明感官
功能障碍在认知功能障碍早期识别、评估、干预中具有重大价值,但目前我国的认知功能筛查多依靠神经心理学测试,
未纳入嗅觉、听觉等高敏感性感官指标。本文通过对既往文献进行回顾、分析,得出在神经心理学测试基础上进一步
检测老年人感官功能状态将极大提高认知功能障碍疾病筛查的准确性,明确了嗅觉、听觉、视觉、味觉等感官功能障
碍在认知功能障碍疾病早期识别与干预中的价值,为临床工作提供新思路。
【关键词】 认知功能障碍;感官功能障碍;早期诊断;早期识别;早期干预
【中图分类号】 R 741 【文献标识码】 A DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0328
马云云,宋玉磊,王蒙蒙,等 . 感官功能障碍在认知功能障碍疾病早期识别与干预中的价值与探索[J]. 中国全
科医学,2022,25(23):2899-2902,2909. [www.chinagp.net]
MA Y Y,SONG Y L,WANG M M,et al. Predictive value of sensory dysfunction in early recognition and treatment of
cognitive dysfunction:a review[J]. Chinese General Practice,2022,25(23):2899-2902,2909.
Predictive Value of Sensory Dysfunction in Early Recognition and Treatment of Cognitive Dysfunction:a Review MA
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Yunyun ,SONG Yulei ,WANG Mengmeng ,LIANG Xiao ,ZHANG Xueqing ,XU Guihua ,DU Dandan ,BAI Yamei 1*
1.School of Nursing,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,China
2.Department of Neurology,Nanjing Tongren Hospital,Nanjing 211102,China
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Corresponding author:BAI Yamei,Professor;E-mail:czbym@njucm.edu.cn
【Abstract】 The initial symptoms of cognitive dysfunction disease are insidious,and most of the cognitive dysfunction
diseases will be in the stage of dementia with no effective treatment when the symptoms are discovered. Therefore,it is crucial to
explore simple and easy-to-check warning signals of cognitive dysfunction diseases and carry out timely and effective interventions
for the prevention and treatment of cognitive dysfunction diseases. A large number of studies have shown that sensory dysfunction
is of great value in the early diagnosis,assessment and treatment of cognitive dysfunction. However,at present,cognitive
function screening in China mostly relies on neuropsychological tests,highly sensitive sensory indicators such as smell and
hearing were not included. This paper concluded that further detecting the sensory function status of the elderly on the basis of
neuropsychological testing will greatly improve the accuracy of cognitive dysfunction disease screening,clarified the value of
sensory dysfunctions such as smell,hearing,vision,and taste in the early diagnosis and treatment of cognitive dysfunction
diseases by the review and analysis of previous literature,in order to provide new ideas for clinical work.
【Key words】 Cognitive dysfunction;Sensory dysfunction;Early diagnosis;Early identification;Early treatment
随着人体的衰老,感官功能障碍和认知功能障碍发生率 认知功能障碍(subjective cognitive decline,SCD)、轻度认
逐渐升高,严重威胁老年人的健康 [1] 。认知功能障碍疾病泛 知功能障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)、阿尔茨海默
指各种原因导致的不同程度的认知功能损害 [2] ,包括主观 病(Alzheimer disease,AD)等。《2018 中国痴呆与认知障
碍诊治指南》已明确指出嗅觉、听觉功能障碍可以协助早期
基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(72174095)——基于 识别认知功能下降 [3] ,感官功能障碍在认知功能障碍疾病
家庭视角的老年轻度认知功能障碍早期预警与支持性干预研究;江苏
省社会科学基金一般项目(20GLB018)——老年病患风险预警与三 的早期识别、评估、治疗中具有巨大价值。目前临床认知功
级防控体系构建研究 能评估主要采用神经心理学测试,而感官功能障碍会对认知
1.210023 江苏省南京市,南京中医药大学护理学院 功能测试结果产生影响,在进行认知功能筛查时,忽略感官
2.211102 江苏省南京市,南京同仁医院神经内科
* 功能障碍可能导致认知功能障碍被高估和过度治疗,造成资
通信作者:柏亚妹,教授;E-mail:czbym@njucm.edu.cn [4]
本文数字出版日期:2022-06-09 源浪费 。同时,感官功能障碍会增加健康老年人向认知功