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           HT group and non-HT group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of hemorrhagic
           transformation in patients with AIS after intravenous thrombolysis;according to the third quartile of SHR,the patients were
           divided into low SHR group(n=236) and high SHR group(n=84),and the incidence of hemorrhagic transformation was
           compared between the two groups;according to whether AIS patients had diabetes,the patients were divided into diabetes group
           (n=79) and non-diabetic group(n=241),and then according to the third quartile of SHR,the groups were divided into
           low SHR subgroup and high SHR subgroup to explore the influence of diabetes on the relationship between SHR and hemorrhagic
           transformation. Results Age,baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS) score,percentage of atrial
           fibrillation,and SHR in the hemorrhagic transformation group were higher than those in the non-hemorrhagic transformation
           group(P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the baseline NIHSS score〔OR=1.041,95%CI(1.003,
           1.080)〕 and SHR〔OR=3.328,95%CI(1.304,8.491)〕 were the influencing factors of acute hemorrhagic transformation
           after intravenous thrombolysis in AIS patients(P<0.05). The incidence of hemorrhagic transformation in the high SHR group
           〔29.76%(25/84)〕 was higher than that in the low SHR group〔13.98%(33/236)〕(P<0.05). After adjusting age,
           baseline NIHSS score,and atrial fibrillation as control variables,multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that high SHR
           was an risk factor for acute hemorrhagic transformation in patients with AIS after intravenous thrombolysis〔OR=2.244,95%CI
           (1.215,4.146),P=0.010〕. In the diabetes group,the incidence of HT in the high SHR subgroup〔36.00%(9/25)〕 was
           higher than that in the low SHR subgroup〔14.81%(8/54)〕(P<0.05). In the non-diabetic group,the incidence of HT in
           the high SHR subgroup〔28.81%(17/59)〕 was higher than that in the low SHR subgroup〔13.19%(24/182)〕(P<0.05).
           Conclusion High SHR is an independent risk factor of hemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis of AIS,and
           has nothing to do with diabetes.
               【Key words】 Ischemic stroke;Thrombolysis;Stress hyperglycemia ratio;Hemorrhage transformation;Blood
           glucose;Glycosylated hemoglobin;Diabetes mellitus


               脑血管疾病已成为我国居民第一位死亡原因,而急                          治指南 2018》   [5] 诊断标准及静脉溶栓适应证,并完成
           性缺血性卒中(acute ischemic stroke,AIS)是常见的脑              静脉溶栓;经颅脑磁共振成像(MRI)证实存在急性责
           血管疾病类型,其并发症发生率、残疾率和死亡率均较                            任病灶;住院时间 >7 d;住院期间完成 CT/MRI 评估有
           高。静脉注射重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(recombinant                      无出血转化。排除标准:短暂性脑缺血发作、脑出血、
           tissue plasminogen activator,rt-PA)的溶栓治疗是 AIS       脑创伤、肿瘤、肝肾功能不全、急性炎症、既往卒中病
           有效治疗手段,能显著改善患者预后。急性期内出血转                            史、行血管内治疗的患者。本研究经过宁波市医疗中心
           化是 AIS 静脉溶栓后常见并发症,可加重 AIS 患者神经                      李惠利医院伦理委员会批准(KY2021PJ168)。
           功能恶化,增加患者不良预后             [1] ,从而限制了溶栓的             1.2 方法
           使用。因此寻找 AIS 患者静脉溶栓后出血转化的有效生                         1.2.1 临床资料 收集患者的基线资料,包括年龄、性
           物学标志物,准确地判断疾病转归并指导治疗尤为重要。                           别、基线美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、
               应激性血糖升高比值(stress hyperglycemia ratio,           溶栓剂量(标准剂量 / 低剂量)、既往史(包括高血压、
           SHR)是 ROBERTS 等    [2] 在 2015 年提出的评估应激状             糖尿病、高脂血症、心房颤动)、实验室检查指标〔包
           态血糖的新参数,其由入院即刻血糖和糖化血红蛋白                             括低密度脂蛋白(low density lipoprotein,LDL)、肌酐、
           (glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA 1c )的数学模型计算所得,         尿酸、血小板计数、C 反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,
           排除了基线血糖水平的影响。近年来,研究 SHR 与 AIS                       CRP)、SHR〕、病灶部位(前循环 / 后循环 / 两者)等。
           关系的报道逐渐增多。已经有研究显示,SHR 与 AIS 神                       1.2.2 溶栓治疗 选用德国勃林格殷格翰公司生产的
           经功能缺损严重程度和 1 年内死亡相关,高 SHR 增加                        rt-PA。溶栓剂量按照上述卒中指南规定,标准剂量为
           AIS 出血转化发生率       [3] 。但 SHR 与 AIS 静脉溶栓后出           0.9 mg/kg,低剂量为 0.6 mg/kg,10% 剂量先在 1 min 内
           血转化是否有关鲜有报道,本研究拟进行探讨,旨在为                            静脉注射,余下剂量持续静脉微泵 60 min,最大溶栓剂
           AIS 的治疗提供判断依据。                                      量不超过 90 mg。
           1 资料与方法                                             1.2.3 SHR 计算 采集 AIS 患者入院后即刻静脉血
           1.1 一般资料 选取 2018 年 1 月至 2021 年 6 月在宁                糖、入院次日清晨血清 HbA 1c 计算 SHR。SHR= 入院
           波市医疗中心李惠利医院接受 rt-PA 静脉溶栓治疗的                         即 刻 血 糖(mmol/L)/[1.59×HbA 1c -2.59]。 其 中,
           AIS 患者 320 例。纳入标准:符合《中国急性缺血性脑                       1.59×HbA 1c -2.59 表示前 3 个月的估计平均血糖。
           卒中诊治指南 2010》      [4] 、《中国急性缺血性脑卒中诊                 1.2.4 出血转化的评价 溶栓后 24 h 复查颅脑 CT,发
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