Page 70 - 中国全科医学2022-14
P. 70
http://www.chinagp.net E-mail:zgqkyx@chinagp.net.cn ·1731·
response to glucocorticoid therapy,and to provide a reference for further guiding the application of glucocorticoids. Methods
The basic clinical data of AECOPD and ACO patients hospitalized in respiratory and critical care Medicine Department of the
Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2018 to December 2020 were collected. The basic clinical data were
collected,and the peripheral blood eosinophils(EOS) percentage(2%) was used as the critical value,EOS% ≥ 2% was
defined as EOS group,EOS%<2% was defined as non-EOS group,and ACO patients were defined as ACO group. The clinical
characteristics and response to glucocorticoids of the three groups were analyzed. Results High-sensitivity C-reactive protein
(hs-CRP),absolute value of peripheral blood neutrophils(NE),neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR),fibrinogen/serum
albumin(FAR),lung and the use rate of systemic hormones,total hormone application,hormone treatment course,and
hospitalization time of AECOPD patients in the EOS group were lower than those in the non-EOS group(P<0.05). ALB of
AECOPD patients in EOS group was higher than that in non-EOS group(P<0.05). Body mass index (BMI),FEV 1 %pred,
severity of pulmonary function,absolute value of NE,NLR,utilization rate of pulmonary and systemic hormones,total hormone
application,and hormone treatment course of AECOPD patients in the EOS group were lower than those in ACO group(P<0.05).
The age,hospitalization time,male prevalence rate,smoking rate,and EOS% ≥ 2% of AECOPD patients in EOS group were
higher than those in ACO group(P<0.05). Conclusion EOS may be used as an important indicator to evaluate the severity
of AECOPD and guide glucocorticoid therapy. The causes of acute exacerbations of COPD patients in the EOS group were mostly
considered to be caused by non-infectious factors,and the treatment of antibiotics may be more prudent. AECOPD patients in
EOS group have different clinical characteristics,and it is of positive significance to grasp their unique clinical characteristics for
the early identification of chronic airway disease and accurate treatment decision.
【Key words】 Pulmonary disease,chronic obstructive;Asthma and COPD overlap;Eosinophils;Lung function;
Glucocorticoids
慢 性 阻 塞 性 肺 疾 病(chronic obstructive pulmonary 且 FEV 1 增加≥ 200 ml;(4)呼气峰值流量昼夜变异率
disease,COPD)是严重危害人类健康的呼吸系统疾病, ≥ 20%。
患病人数多,病死率高,且呈增加趋势,居我国乃至全 1.1.2 排除标准 (1)过敏性疾病、寄生虫感染及风
球死亡原因的第 3 位 [1-2] 。COPD 一直被认为是一种以 湿病者;(2)患有需治疗的其他呼吸系统疾病者:如
中性粒细胞气道炎症为特征的慢性疾病,但近 40% 的 活动性肺结核、支气管扩张、严重肺部感染、肺栓塞、
COPD 患者存在嗜酸粒细胞(eosnophils,EOS)气道炎 间质性肺疾病及其他限制性通气功能障碍的疾病等;(3)
症 [3-4] 。根据痰炎症细胞情况,可将 COPD 急性加重 合并严重的心脏、脑、肝脏、肾脏疾病或处于该类疾病
(AECOPD)划分为 4 种炎症表型:EOS 型、中性粒细 急性期及合并恶性肿瘤者;(4)入院前 48 h内口服或
胞型、混合粒细胞型及粒细胞缺乏型,EOS 型可能与哮 静脉使用糖皮质激素及因其他免疫性疾病长期应用全身
喘有相似之处。目前临床中很大比例的哮喘或 COPD 患 性糖皮质激素者;(5)临床资料不完整者;(6)存在
者患有哮喘 - 慢阻肺重叠(ACO),其气道炎症复杂, 生理障碍、智力及精神异常不能配合者。
具有独特的临床特点。认识慢性气道疾病个体化的特征, 1.1.3 本研究获河北医科大学第二医院医学伦理委员会
在指导临床治疗、药物选择方面有重要意义,值得深 审核批准(2019-R194),因本研究为回顾性研究,免
入探讨;本研究回顾性分析不同炎症表型 AECOPD 和 除知情同意书签署。
ACO 的临床特征以及其对糖皮质激素的治疗反应,为 1.2 方法
慢性气道疾病的精准治疗提供理论依据。 1.2.1 临床资料 收集患者的年龄、性别、身高、体
1 对象与方法 质量、体质指数(body mass index,BMI)、吸烟情况
1.1 研究对象 纳入 2018 年 1 月至 2020 年 12 月在河 〔吸烟(一生中连续或累积吸烟 6 个月或以上者)率、
北医科大学第二医院呼吸与危重症医学科住院治疗的 吸烟量〕、肺功能检查结果〔FEV 1 占预计值百分比
AECOPD 患者及 ACO 患者为研究对象。在此期间多次 (forced expiratory volume in the first second as a percentage
入院者,取第 1 次入院的数据。 of expected value,FEV 1 %pred)〕、实验室检查结果〔血
1.1.1 纳入标准 AECOPD 患者:符合 2017 年 GOLD 气分析中氧分压(PaO 2 )及二氧化碳分压(PaCO 2 )、
中 AECOPD 诊断标准 [5] 者。ACO 患者:符合 COPD 诊 外周血中性粒细胞绝对值(NE 绝对值)、中性粒细胞
断标准 [5] ,同时有以下表现之一者:(1)既往诊断为 / 淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio,NLR)、
哮喘;(2)支气管激发试验阳性;(3)支气管舒张试 超敏 C 反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen,
验阳性,第 1 秒用力呼气容积(FEV 1 )增加≥ 12%, FIB)、血清白蛋白(albumin,ALB)、纤维蛋白原 / 血