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·论著·
妊娠不同时期体力活动模式及其变化趋势纵向研究
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李静 ,马绮梨 ,梁雅玲 ,陈维雅 ,蔡文智 1* 扫描二维码
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【摘要】 背景 妊娠期的体力活动近年来被看作是生殖健康的重要组成部分,鼓励孕妇采取积极的生活方式去
取代传统的孕妇需要限制活动的观点。国外研究显示,从妊娠早期到妊娠中期,再到妊娠晚期,体力活动是逐渐降低
的,国内关于妊娠不同时期体力活动模式及变化相关研究尚不足。目的 探讨妊娠早期、妊娠中期和妊娠晚期体力活
动模式及其变化趋势,为制定有针对性的干预措施提供参考。方法 采用便利抽样法对 2017 年 5 月至 2018 年 5 月在
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江门市五邑中医院产科门诊初次产检建册(妊娠 6~13 周)的低危孕妇进行调查。由研究者自行设计一般资料调查表,
收集一般资料;采用中文版孕期身体活动问卷(PPAQ)在妊娠早期、妊娠中期和妊娠晚期进行调查,分析在妊娠不
同时期体力活动的模式及其变化轨迹。结果 共纳入 312 例孕妇,排除 48 例,脱落 15 例,最终 249 例孕妇完成调查。
249 例孕妇在妊娠早期每周总能量消耗的平均数为 201.7 MET-hours,妊娠中期为 188.6 MET-hours,妊娠晚期为 177.2
MET-hours;整个妊娠期静坐行为约占总能量消耗的 17%,低强度活动约占总能量消耗的 60%,中等强度活动占总能
量消耗的 21.2%~24.4%,高强度活动占总能量消耗不足 1%。活动类型中,家务活动约占总能量消耗的 48%,职业活
动约占总能量消耗的 40%,交通出行约占总能量消耗的 9%,运动锻炼占总能量消耗不足 3%。妊娠早期、妊娠中期、
妊娠晚期静坐行为、中等强度活动、高强度活动、家务活动、运动锻炼、总能量消耗代谢当量比较,差异均有统计学
意义(P<0.05);其中妊娠晚期静坐行为、中等强度活动、家务活动、总能量消耗代谢当量低于妊娠早期,差异有统
计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 医务人员应鼓励孕妇减少静坐时间,并根据孕妇的个体情况制定适合其实际情况的体力
活动建议和指导,以改善母婴健康。妊娠中期可能是促进体力活动的最好时机。
【关键词】 妊娠期;体力活动模式;变化趋势
【中图分类号】 R 33 【文献标识码】 A DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.02.039
李静,马绮梨,梁雅玲,等 . 妊娠不同时期体力活动模式及其变化趋势纵向研究[J]. 中国全科医学,2022,25(3):
336-340.[www.chinagp.net]
LI J,MA Q L,LIANG Y L,et al. A longitudinal study of physical activity patterns and change trajectory during
pregnancy[J]. Chinese General Practice,2022,25(3):336-340.
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A Longitudinal Study of Physical Activity Patterns and Change Trajectory during Pregnancy LI Jing ,MA Qili ,
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LIANG Yaling ,CHEN Weiya ,CAI Wenzhi 1*
1.Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University,Shenzhen 518101,China
2.Jiangmen Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jiangmen 529031,China
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Corresponding author:CAI Wenzhi,Professor,Doctoral supervisor;E-mail:caiwenzhi2002@hotmail.com
【Abstract】 Background Physical activity during pregnancy has recently been considered as an essential part of
reproductive health,and pregnant women are encouraged to adopt an active lifestyle instead of traditionally restricting their
activities. Studies from abroad have shown that pregnancy physical activity gradually decreases with the progress of pregnancy.
Domestic studies on the patterns and changes of pregnancy physical activity are still insufficient. Objective To explore the pattern
of physical activity in the first,second and third trimesters of pregnancy,and its change trajectory,providing a reference for the
formulation of targeted interventions. Methods Convenience sampling was used to select low-risk pregnant women from Obstetric
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Clinic,Jiangmen Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2017 to May 2018. All had a health file created at 6-13
weeks' gestation at the first antenatal examination. A self-developed questionnaire was used to collect general demographic data.
The Chinese version of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to investigate physical activity in the first,second
and third trimesters of pregnancy. Patterns and changes of physical activity were analyzed by the stage of pregnancy. Results
Among the 312 participants,except for 48 excluded cases and 15 dropouts,the other 249 who completed the survey were finally
included. The average weekly metabolic equivalent of task (MET) values for the respondents in the first,second and third
基金项目:深圳市医疗卫生三名工程(SZSM201612018)
1.518101 广东省深圳市,南方医科大学深圳医院 2.529031 广东省江门市五邑中医院
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通信作者:蔡文智,教授,博士生导师;E-mail:caiwenzhi2002@hotmail.com
本文数字出版日期:2021-09-03