Chinese General Practice ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (33): 4148-4158.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0587

Special Issue: 社区卫生服务最新研究合辑

• Original Research • Previous Articles     Next Articles

The Relationship between Lifestyle Factors and Depression: a Cross-sectional Study of Community Populations

  

  1. 1. School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063200, China
    2. Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Health and Safety, Tangshan 063200, China
    3. Tangshan Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Tangshan 063200, China
  • Received:2025-01-06 Revised:2025-04-16 Published:2025-11-20 Online:2025-09-17
  • Contact: ZHANG Xiujun, WU Jianhui

生活行为因素与抑郁症的关系:一项基于社区人群的横断面研究

  

  1. 1.063200 河北省唐山市,华北理工大学公共卫生学院
    2.063200 河北省唐山市,河北省煤矿卫生与安全重点实验室
    3.063200 河北省唐山市临床流行病学重点实验室
  • 通讯作者: 张秀军, 武建辉
  • 作者简介:

    作者贡献:

    赵紫淇负责文章构思与整体框架设计;赵紫淇、刘明月、王楠、罗政豪、陈新洋负责数据收集、整理和录入;赵紫淇、刘明月、王楠负责结果的分析与解释;罗政豪、陈新洋、李峥、张尚明珠、张皓若、陈嘉琦、郑一展负责论文的修订;张秀军、武建辉负责文章的质量控制及审校,并对文章整体负责,监督管理。

  • 基金资助:
    科技创新2030-"脑科学与类脑研究"重大项目(2030-2021ZD0200700)

Abstract:

Background

Depression is an increasingly serious public health problem worldwide, and the relationship between depression diagnosed using structured clinical interview for DSM-Ⅳ personality disorders according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) and lifestyle factors is currently unclear.

Objective

To explore the relationship between lifestyle factors and depression in community populations.

Methods

A survey was conducted in Majiagou Community, Kailuan, Tangshan City from September 2022 to November 2023, and relevant information was collected through questionnaire surveys and physical examinations. Adopted a single factor, stratified adjusted Logistic regression model to analyze the relationship between using mobile phones, insomnia, physical exercise, drinking alcohol, whether or not pets are kept lifestyle factors and depression, using the XGBoost model and SHapley additive interpretation to analyze the contribution values of variables, and further analyzing the relationship between lifestyle factors and depression through subgroup analysis.

Results

A total of 2 189 people were included in this study, including 312 people (14.25%) with depression and 1 877 people (85.75%) without depression. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, it was found that severe using mobile phones for≥12 hours a day (OR=9.279, 95%CI=6.182-13.929), insomnia (OR=10.516, 95%CI=6.385-17.320), drinking alcohol at least once a week (OR=2.100, 95%CI=1.292-3.412) were associated with an increased risk of depression (P<0.05). Exercising almost every day (OR=0.257, 95%CI=0.162-0.407) and keeping pets (OR=0.632, 95%CI=0.475-0.842) were associated with a reduced risk of depression (P<0.05), and consistent conclusions were drawn in subgroup analysis. The XGBoost model and SHapley additive explanatory analysis obtained the contribution values of each variable as insomnia (SHAP value=0.051), physical exercise (SHAP value=0.034), alcohol consumption (SHAP value=0.024), daily mobile phone usage duration (SHAP value=0.018), and whether or not pets are kept (SHAP value=0.013) .

Conclusion

Insomnia is the most important variable affecting depression among lifestyle factors, followed by physical exercise, alcohol consumption, daily mobile phone usage, and whether or not pets are kept.

Key words: Lifestyle behavior factors, Depression, Cross-sectional study, Community populations

摘要:

背景

抑郁症是全球范围内日益严重的公共卫生问题,目前根据《精神障碍诊断与统计手册(第五版)》使用人格障碍定式访谈诊断的生活行为因素与抑郁症之间的关系尚不明确。

目的

探讨社区人群生活行为因素与抑郁症的关系。

方法

于2022年9月—2023年11月在唐山市开滦区马家沟社区进行调查,通过问卷调查和体格检查收集相关信息。采用单因素分层调整的Logistic回归模型分析每天手机使用时长、失眠情况、锻炼身体情况、饮酒情况、是否养宠物等生活行为因素与抑郁症的关系,采用XGBoost模型与SHapley加性解释(SHAP)对变量贡献值进行分析,进一步通过亚组分析探究生活行为因素与抑郁症的关系。

结果

本研究共纳入2 189名社区居民,其中患抑郁症312名(14.25%),未患抑郁症1 877名(85.75%)。在调整了潜在混杂因素后,发现每天手机使用时长≥12 h(OR=9.279,95%CI=6.182~13.929)、重度失眠(OR=10.516,95%CI=6.385~17.320)、每个星期至少喝酒1次(OR=2.100,95%CI=1.292~3.412)与抑郁症患病风险升高有关(P<0.05),几乎每天锻炼身体(OR=0.257,95%CI=0.162~0.407)、养宠物(OR=0.632,95%CI=0.475~0.842)与抑郁症患病风险降低有关(P<0.05),并在亚组分析中得出一致结论。XGBoost模型与SHapley加性解释分析得到各变量贡献值分别为失眠情况(SHAP值=0.051)、锻炼身体情况(SHAP值=0.034)、饮酒情况(SHAP值=0.024)、每天手机使用时长(SHAP值=0.018)、是否养宠物(SHAP值=0.013)。

结论

失眠情况是生活行为因素中对抑郁症影响最重要的变量,其次分别是锻炼身体情况、饮酒情况、每天手机使用时长、是否养宠物。

关键词: 生活行为因素, 抑郁, 横断面研究, 社区人群