Chinese General Practice ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (33): 4148-4158.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0587
Special Issue: 社区卫生服务最新研究合辑
• Original Research • Previous Articles Next Articles
Received:
2025-01-06
Revised:
2025-04-16
Published:
2025-11-20
Online:
2025-09-17
Contact:
ZHANG Xiujun, WU Jianhui
通讯作者:
张秀军, 武建辉
作者简介:
作者贡献:
赵紫淇负责文章构思与整体框架设计;赵紫淇、刘明月、王楠、罗政豪、陈新洋负责数据收集、整理和录入;赵紫淇、刘明月、王楠负责结果的分析与解释;罗政豪、陈新洋、李峥、张尚明珠、张皓若、陈嘉琦、郑一展负责论文的修订;张秀军、武建辉负责文章的质量控制及审校,并对文章整体负责,监督管理。
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项目 | 非抑郁症(n=1 877) | 抑郁症(n=312) | χ2(Z)值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|
年龄 | 12.656a | 0.013 | ||
<30岁 | 79(4.21) | 22(7.05) | ||
30~岁 | 113(6.02) | 17(5.45) | ||
40~岁 | 215(11.46) | 48(15.38) | ||
50~岁 | 479(25.51) | 87(27.88) | ||
60~岁 | 991(52.80) | 138(44.24) | ||
性别 | 0.187 | 0.666 | ||
男 | 631(33.62) | 101(32.37) | ||
女 | 1 246(66.38) | 211(67.63) | ||
婚姻状况 | 0.191 | 0.662 | ||
未婚 | 306(16.30) | 64(20.51) | ||
已婚 | 1 463(77.95) | 211(67.63) | ||
其他 | 108(5.75) | 37(11.86) | ||
文化程度 | -2.085a | 0.037 | ||
没上过学 | 68(3.62) | 11(3.53) | ||
小学 | 457(24.35) | 60(19.22) | ||
初中 | 856(45.60) | 142(45.51) | ||
高中/职高/中专 | 331(17.63) | 69(22.12) | ||
大专/本科 | 160(8.53) | 30(9.62) | ||
硕士及以上 | 5(0.27) | 0 | ||
家庭年收入 | -3.558a | <0.001 | ||
<10 000元 | 632(33.67) | 125(40.06) | ||
10 000~29 999元 | 520(27.70) | 105(33.65) | ||
30 000~79 999元 | 622(33.14) | 69(22.12) | ||
80 000~149 999元 | 88(4.69) | 11(3.53) | ||
≥150 000元 | 15(0.80) | 2(0.64) | ||
每天手机使用时长 | 24.018a | <0.001 | ||
<4 h | 1 202(64.04) | 167(53.53) | ||
4~<8 h | 491(26.16) | 87(27.88) | ||
8~<12 h | 144(7.67) | 47(15.06) | ||
≥12 h | 40(2.13) | 11(3.53) | ||
失眠情况 | -8.321a | <0.001 | ||
无失眠 | 1 145(61.00) | 128(41.03) | ||
轻度失眠 | 624(33.24) | 114(36.54) | ||
中度失眠 | 75(4.00) | 29(9.29) | ||
重度失眠 | 33(1.76) | 41(13.14) | ||
服用安眠药情况 | 0.029 | 0.181 | ||
否 | 1 700(90.57) | 275(88.14) | ||
是 | 177(9.43) | 37(11.86) | ||
平均每周自然光照时长 | 3.412 | 0.065 | ||
不足 | 1 578(84.07) | 275(88.14) | ||
充足 | 299(15.93) | 37(11.86) | ||
锻炼身体情况 | -3.693a | <0.001 | ||
从不锻炼 | 529(28.18) | 119(38.14) | ||
1~3次/月 | 269(14.34) | 40(12.82) | ||
1~2次/周 | 328(17.47) | 57(18.28) | ||
3~5次/周 | 238(12.68) | 28(8.97) | ||
几乎每天 | 513(27.33) | 68(21.79) | ||
饮酒情况 | -3.694a | <0.001 | ||
一次也没喝过 | 1213(64.62) | 166(53.21) | ||
只喝过几次 | 394(20.99) | 87(27.88) | ||
平均每个月喝酒2~3次 | 102(5.44) | 26(8.33) | ||
每个星期至少喝1次 | 168(8.95) | 33(10.58) | ||
饮茶情况 | -0.421a | 0.674 | ||
一次也没喝过 | 878(46.78) | 167(53.53) | ||
只喝过几次 | 628(33.46) | 92(29.49) | ||
平均每个月喝茶2~3次 | 137(7.29) | 19(6.09) | ||
每个星期至少喝茶1次 | 234(12.47) | 34(10.89) | ||
是否养宠物 | 7.891 | 0.005 | ||
否 | 1 302(69.37) | 241(77.24) | ||
是 | 575(30.63) | 71(22.76) | ||
吸烟情况 | -1.567a | 0.117 | ||
从不吸烟 | 1 377(73.36) | 213(68.27) | ||
曾经吸烟现已戒烟 | 197(10.50) | 30(9.61) | ||
现在吸烟 | 303(16.14) | 69(22.12) | ||
喝咖啡情况 | -0.084a | 0.933 | ||
一次也没喝过 | 1 278(68.09) | 208(66.67) | ||
只喝过几次 | 479(25.51) | 82(26.28) | ||
平均每个月喝咖啡2~3次 | 60(3.20) | 12(3.84) | ||
每个星期至少喝咖啡1次 | 60(3.20) | 10(3.21) | ||
BMI分级 | -3.203a | 0.001 | ||
偏瘦 | 53(2.82) | 19(6.09) | ||
正常 | 658(35.06) | 76(24.36) | ||
超重 | 720(38.36) | 125(40.06) | ||
肥胖 | 446(23.76) | 92(29.49) | ||
糖尿病 | 0.464 | 0.496 | ||
无 | 1 404(74.80) | 239(76.60) | ||
有 | 473(25.20) | 73(23.40) | ||
高血压 | 2.427 | 0.119 | ||
无 | 1 233(65.69) | 219(70.19) | ||
有 | 644(34.31) | 93(29.81) | ||
慢性肺部疾病 | 1.928 | 0.165 | ||
无 | 1 811(96.48) | 296(94.87) | ||
有 | 66(3.52) | 16(5.13) | ||
慢性心脏疾病 | 1.836 | 0.176 | ||
无 | 1 635(87.11) | 263(84.29) | ||
有 | 242(12.89) | 49(15.71) |
Table 1 Basic demographic characteristics of depression and non depression study subjects
项目 | 非抑郁症(n=1 877) | 抑郁症(n=312) | χ2(Z)值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|
年龄 | 12.656a | 0.013 | ||
<30岁 | 79(4.21) | 22(7.05) | ||
30~岁 | 113(6.02) | 17(5.45) | ||
40~岁 | 215(11.46) | 48(15.38) | ||
50~岁 | 479(25.51) | 87(27.88) | ||
60~岁 | 991(52.80) | 138(44.24) | ||
性别 | 0.187 | 0.666 | ||
男 | 631(33.62) | 101(32.37) | ||
女 | 1 246(66.38) | 211(67.63) | ||
婚姻状况 | 0.191 | 0.662 | ||
未婚 | 306(16.30) | 64(20.51) | ||
已婚 | 1 463(77.95) | 211(67.63) | ||
其他 | 108(5.75) | 37(11.86) | ||
文化程度 | -2.085a | 0.037 | ||
没上过学 | 68(3.62) | 11(3.53) | ||
小学 | 457(24.35) | 60(19.22) | ||
初中 | 856(45.60) | 142(45.51) | ||
高中/职高/中专 | 331(17.63) | 69(22.12) | ||
大专/本科 | 160(8.53) | 30(9.62) | ||
硕士及以上 | 5(0.27) | 0 | ||
家庭年收入 | -3.558a | <0.001 | ||
<10 000元 | 632(33.67) | 125(40.06) | ||
10 000~29 999元 | 520(27.70) | 105(33.65) | ||
30 000~79 999元 | 622(33.14) | 69(22.12) | ||
80 000~149 999元 | 88(4.69) | 11(3.53) | ||
≥150 000元 | 15(0.80) | 2(0.64) | ||
每天手机使用时长 | 24.018a | <0.001 | ||
<4 h | 1 202(64.04) | 167(53.53) | ||
4~<8 h | 491(26.16) | 87(27.88) | ||
8~<12 h | 144(7.67) | 47(15.06) | ||
≥12 h | 40(2.13) | 11(3.53) | ||
失眠情况 | -8.321a | <0.001 | ||
无失眠 | 1 145(61.00) | 128(41.03) | ||
轻度失眠 | 624(33.24) | 114(36.54) | ||
中度失眠 | 75(4.00) | 29(9.29) | ||
重度失眠 | 33(1.76) | 41(13.14) | ||
服用安眠药情况 | 0.029 | 0.181 | ||
否 | 1 700(90.57) | 275(88.14) | ||
是 | 177(9.43) | 37(11.86) | ||
平均每周自然光照时长 | 3.412 | 0.065 | ||
不足 | 1 578(84.07) | 275(88.14) | ||
充足 | 299(15.93) | 37(11.86) | ||
锻炼身体情况 | -3.693a | <0.001 | ||
从不锻炼 | 529(28.18) | 119(38.14) | ||
1~3次/月 | 269(14.34) | 40(12.82) | ||
1~2次/周 | 328(17.47) | 57(18.28) | ||
3~5次/周 | 238(12.68) | 28(8.97) | ||
几乎每天 | 513(27.33) | 68(21.79) | ||
饮酒情况 | -3.694a | <0.001 | ||
一次也没喝过 | 1213(64.62) | 166(53.21) | ||
只喝过几次 | 394(20.99) | 87(27.88) | ||
平均每个月喝酒2~3次 | 102(5.44) | 26(8.33) | ||
每个星期至少喝1次 | 168(8.95) | 33(10.58) | ||
饮茶情况 | -0.421a | 0.674 | ||
一次也没喝过 | 878(46.78) | 167(53.53) | ||
只喝过几次 | 628(33.46) | 92(29.49) | ||
平均每个月喝茶2~3次 | 137(7.29) | 19(6.09) | ||
每个星期至少喝茶1次 | 234(12.47) | 34(10.89) | ||
是否养宠物 | 7.891 | 0.005 | ||
否 | 1 302(69.37) | 241(77.24) | ||
是 | 575(30.63) | 71(22.76) | ||
吸烟情况 | -1.567a | 0.117 | ||
从不吸烟 | 1 377(73.36) | 213(68.27) | ||
曾经吸烟现已戒烟 | 197(10.50) | 30(9.61) | ||
现在吸烟 | 303(16.14) | 69(22.12) | ||
喝咖啡情况 | -0.084a | 0.933 | ||
一次也没喝过 | 1 278(68.09) | 208(66.67) | ||
只喝过几次 | 479(25.51) | 82(26.28) | ||
平均每个月喝咖啡2~3次 | 60(3.20) | 12(3.84) | ||
每个星期至少喝咖啡1次 | 60(3.20) | 10(3.21) | ||
BMI分级 | -3.203a | 0.001 | ||
偏瘦 | 53(2.82) | 19(6.09) | ||
正常 | 658(35.06) | 76(24.36) | ||
超重 | 720(38.36) | 125(40.06) | ||
肥胖 | 446(23.76) | 92(29.49) | ||
糖尿病 | 0.464 | 0.496 | ||
无 | 1 404(74.80) | 239(76.60) | ||
有 | 473(25.20) | 73(23.40) | ||
高血压 | 2.427 | 0.119 | ||
无 | 1 233(65.69) | 219(70.19) | ||
有 | 644(34.31) | 93(29.81) | ||
慢性肺部疾病 | 1.928 | 0.165 | ||
无 | 1 811(96.48) | 296(94.87) | ||
有 | 66(3.52) | 16(5.13) | ||
慢性心脏疾病 | 1.836 | 0.176 | ||
无 | 1 635(87.11) | 263(84.29) | ||
有 | 242(12.89) | 49(15.71) |
变量 | 赋值 |
---|---|
抑郁症 | 否=0,是=1 |
年龄 | <30岁=1,30~岁=2,40~岁=3,50~岁=4,60~岁=5 |
文化程度 | 没上过学=1,小学=2,初中=3,高中/职高/中专=4,大专/本科=5,硕士及以上=6 |
家庭年收入 | <10 000元=1,10 000~29 999元=2,30 000~79 999元=3,≥80 000元=4 |
每天手机使用时长 | <4 h=0,4~<8 h=1,8~<12 h=2,≥12 h=3 |
失眠情况 | 不失眠=0,轻度失眠=1,中度失眠=2,重度失眠=3 |
锻炼身体情况 | 从不锻炼=0,1~3次/月=1,1~2次/周=2,3~5次/周=3,几乎每天=4 |
饮酒情况 | 一次也没喝过=0,只喝过几次=1,平均每个月喝酒2~3次=2,每个星期至少喝1次=3 |
是否养宠物 | 否=0,是=1 |
BMI分级 | 偏瘦=0,正常=1,超重=2,肥胖=3 |
Table 2 Logistic regression analysis variable assignment
变量 | 赋值 |
---|---|
抑郁症 | 否=0,是=1 |
年龄 | <30岁=1,30~岁=2,40~岁=3,50~岁=4,60~岁=5 |
文化程度 | 没上过学=1,小学=2,初中=3,高中/职高/中专=4,大专/本科=5,硕士及以上=6 |
家庭年收入 | <10 000元=1,10 000~29 999元=2,30 000~79 999元=3,≥80 000元=4 |
每天手机使用时长 | <4 h=0,4~<8 h=1,8~<12 h=2,≥12 h=3 |
失眠情况 | 不失眠=0,轻度失眠=1,中度失眠=2,重度失眠=3 |
锻炼身体情况 | 从不锻炼=0,1~3次/月=1,1~2次/周=2,3~5次/周=3,几乎每天=4 |
饮酒情况 | 一次也没喝过=0,只喝过几次=1,平均每个月喝酒2~3次=2,每个星期至少喝1次=3 |
是否养宠物 | 否=0,是=1 |
BMI分级 | 偏瘦=0,正常=1,超重=2,肥胖=3 |
变量 | 容差 | 方差膨胀因子 |
---|---|---|
年龄 | 0.699 | 1.431 |
文化程度 | 0.761 | 1.313 |
家庭年收入 | 0.942 | 1.062 |
每天手机使用时长 | 0.799 | 1.252 |
失眠情况 | 0.958 | 1.044 |
锻炼身体情况 | 0.920 | 1.087 |
饮酒情况 | 0.954 | 1.048 |
是否养宠物 | 0.919 | 1.089 |
BMI分级 | 0.989 | 1.012 |
Table 3 Multicollinearity diagnosis
变量 | 容差 | 方差膨胀因子 |
---|---|---|
年龄 | 0.699 | 1.431 |
文化程度 | 0.761 | 1.313 |
家庭年收入 | 0.942 | 1.062 |
每天手机使用时长 | 0.799 | 1.252 |
失眠情况 | 0.958 | 1.044 |
锻炼身体情况 | 0.920 | 1.087 |
饮酒情况 | 0.954 | 1.048 |
是否养宠物 | 0.919 | 1.089 |
BMI分级 | 0.989 | 1.012 |
变量 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 |
---|---|---|---|
每天手机使用时长(以<4 h为参照) | |||
4~<8 h | 1.525(1.140~2.038) | 1.570(1.171~2.103) | 1.581(1.179~2.121) |
8~<12 h | 1.858(1.230~2.806) | 1.825(1.205~2.765) | 1.812(1.194~2.749) |
≥12 h | 8.710(5.853~12.962) | 9.219(6.158~13.801) | 9.279(6.182~13.929) |
P趋势值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
失眠情况(以不失眠为参照) | |||
轻度失眠 | 1.634(1.247~2.142) | 1.606(1.224~2.108) | 1.632(1.241~2.144) |
中度失眠 | 3.459(2.171~5.511) | 3.390(2.123~5.414) | 3.389(2.106~5.455) |
重度失眠 | 11.114(6.785~18.204) | 10.929(6.657~17.944) | 10.516(6.385~17.320) |
P趋势值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
锻炼身体情况(以从不锻炼为参照) | |||
1~3次/月 | 0.530(0.365~0.768) | 0.504(0.346~0.733) | 0.507(0.348~0.738) |
1~2次/周 | 0.402(0.288~0.561) | 0.429(0.305~0.603) | 0.424(0.301~0.598) |
3~5次/周 | 0.327(0.229~0.469) | 0.332(0.231~0.476) | 0.327(0.228~0.470) |
几乎每天 | 0.244(0.155~0.385) | 0.254(0.161~0.403) | 0.257(0.162~0.407) |
P趋势值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
饮酒情况(以一次也没喝过为参照) | |||
只喝过几次 | 1.435(1.051~2.156) | 1.653(1.065~2.566) | 1.672(1.079~2.592) |
平均每个月喝酒2~3次 | 1.614(1.216~2.142) | 1.729(1.285~2.327) | 1.771(1.320~2.377) |
每个星期至少喝1次 | 1.863(1.176~2.951) | 2.077(1.276~3.380) | 2.100(1.292~3.412) |
P趋势值 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.003 |
是否养宠物(以否为参照) | |||
是 | 0.667(0.503~0.885) | 0.638(0.480~0.849) | 0.632(0.475~0.842) |
P趋势值 | 0.005 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Table 4 Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of the impact of lifestyle behavior factors on depression
变量 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 |
---|---|---|---|
每天手机使用时长(以<4 h为参照) | |||
4~<8 h | 1.525(1.140~2.038) | 1.570(1.171~2.103) | 1.581(1.179~2.121) |
8~<12 h | 1.858(1.230~2.806) | 1.825(1.205~2.765) | 1.812(1.194~2.749) |
≥12 h | 8.710(5.853~12.962) | 9.219(6.158~13.801) | 9.279(6.182~13.929) |
P趋势值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
失眠情况(以不失眠为参照) | |||
轻度失眠 | 1.634(1.247~2.142) | 1.606(1.224~2.108) | 1.632(1.241~2.144) |
中度失眠 | 3.459(2.171~5.511) | 3.390(2.123~5.414) | 3.389(2.106~5.455) |
重度失眠 | 11.114(6.785~18.204) | 10.929(6.657~17.944) | 10.516(6.385~17.320) |
P趋势值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
锻炼身体情况(以从不锻炼为参照) | |||
1~3次/月 | 0.530(0.365~0.768) | 0.504(0.346~0.733) | 0.507(0.348~0.738) |
1~2次/周 | 0.402(0.288~0.561) | 0.429(0.305~0.603) | 0.424(0.301~0.598) |
3~5次/周 | 0.327(0.229~0.469) | 0.332(0.231~0.476) | 0.327(0.228~0.470) |
几乎每天 | 0.244(0.155~0.385) | 0.254(0.161~0.403) | 0.257(0.162~0.407) |
P趋势值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
饮酒情况(以一次也没喝过为参照) | |||
只喝过几次 | 1.435(1.051~2.156) | 1.653(1.065~2.566) | 1.672(1.079~2.592) |
平均每个月喝酒2~3次 | 1.614(1.216~2.142) | 1.729(1.285~2.327) | 1.771(1.320~2.377) |
每个星期至少喝1次 | 1.863(1.176~2.951) | 2.077(1.276~3.380) | 2.100(1.292~3.412) |
P趋势值 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.003 |
是否养宠物(以否为参照) | |||
是 | 0.667(0.503~0.885) | 0.638(0.480~0.849) | 0.632(0.475~0.842) |
P趋势值 | 0.005 | 0.002 | 0.004 |
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