There are few studies on the relationship between sleep time and falls at present, and the research results are inconsistent.

To explore the relationship between sleeping time and falls in middle-aged and elderly residents in China, and to provide reference for preventing falls in this population.

The study based on the data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) data in 2015. 18 181 subjects aged ≥45 years with complete key data were included. Collect the indicators of the middle-aged and old people in the past two years, such as falls and medical treatment, sleep time, demographic characteristics, behavior and lifestyle, health status, self-life satisfaction and self-rated health. The subjects were divided into 5 groups according to the sleep time per night: <5 h (2 945 cases) , 5-<6 h (2 755 cases) , 6-<7 h (reference group, 3 824 cases) , 7 to <8 hours (3 257 cases) and ≥8 hours (5 400 cases) . Logistic regression model was used to adjust different variables to gradually evaluate the relationship between sleep time and the occurrence of falls and medical treatment for falls in the past two years.

The average sleeping time of middle-aged and elderly people was (6.4±1.9) hours, the incidence of falls in the past two years was 17.01% (3 092/18 181) , and the rate of medical treatment for falls was 6.95% (1 264/18 181) . The incidence of falls in subjects with sleep time <5 h, 5-<6 h, 6-<7 h, 7-<8 h and≥8 h were 25.26% (744/2 945) , 19.82% (546/2 755) , 15.51% (593/3 824) , 14.03% (457/3 257) , 13.93% (752/5 400) , the incidence of falling to hospital was 10.97% (323/2 945) , 8.09% (223/2 755) , 6.04% (231/3 824) , 5.43% (177/3 257) and 5.74% (310/5 400) , which were significant differences demonstrated by the trend chi-square test, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) . Compared with 6-<7 hours after adjusting factors such as age, gender, those with sleeping time ≥8 hours had a significantly lower risk of falling〔OR (95%CI) =0.88 (0.78, 0.99) 〕, and those with sleeping time <5 h and 5-<6 h had a significantly higher risk of falling〔OR (95%CI) _{<5 h}=1.31 (1.16, 1.49) , OR (95%CI) _{5-<6 h}=1.14 (1.00, 1.30) 〕. The middle-aged and old people who slept less than 5 hours per night had a higher risk of falling and seeking medical treatment〔OR (95%CI) =1.30 (1.08, 1.56) 〕.

The incidence of falls in middle-aged and elderly people in China is relatively high, sleep time <6 hours per night will increase the risk of falls, and sleeping≥8 hours may reduce the risk of falls. Adjusting sleeping time of middle-aged and elderly people and strengthening lifestyle intervention can effectively reduce the incidence of falls in the middle-aged and elderly people.

目前有关睡眠时间和跌倒关系的研究不多，且研究结果不尽一致。

探讨我国≥45岁中老年人睡眠时间与跌倒的关系，为预防中老年人跌倒提供依据。

基于2015年开展的中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）数据，纳入年龄≥45岁且关键数据完整的受试者18 181例。收集纳入中老年人近两年跌倒与跌倒就医情况、睡眠时间、人口学特征、行为与生活方式、健康状况、自评生活满意度和健康状况等指标。按照每晚睡眠时间，将纳入中老年人分成5组：<5 h组（2 945例）、5~<6 h组（2 755例）、6~<7 h组（3 824例，为参照组）、7~<8 h组（3 257例）及≥8 h组（5 400例）。采用Logistic回归模型，分析我国中老年人睡眠时间对近两年发生跌倒及跌倒就医的影响。

我国中老年人的平均睡眠时间为（6.4±1.9）h，近两年跌倒发生率为17.01%（3 092/18 181），跌倒就医发生率为6.95%（1 264/18 181）。每晚睡<5、5~<6、6~<7、7~<8、≥8 h中老年人的跌倒发生率分别为25.26%（744/2 945）、19.82%（546/2 755）、15.51%（593/3 824）、14.03%（457/3 257）、13.93%（752/5 400），跌倒就医发生率分别为10.97%（323/2 945）、8.09%（223/2 755）、6.04%（231/3 824）、5.43%（177/3 257）、5.74%（310/5 400）。趋势χ²检验结果显示，随着睡眠时间的延长，中老年人的跌倒和跌倒就医发生风险降低（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示：在调整年龄、性别等混杂因素后，与每晚睡6~<7 h中老年人相比，每晚睡<5 h和5~<6 h中老年人的跌倒发生风险较高〔OR（95%CI）分别为1.31（1.16，1.49）、1.14（1.00，1.30）〕，每晚睡≥8 h中老年人的跌倒发生风险较低〔OR（95%CI）=0.88（0.78，0.99）〕，每晚睡<5 h中老年人的跌倒就医发生风险较高〔OR（95%CI）=1.30（1.08，1.56）〕。

我国中老人两年跌倒发生率相对较高，每晚睡眠时间<6 h会增加跌倒发生风险，≥8 h的跌倒发生风险较低。调节中老年人睡眠时间，加强生活方式干预，可有效降低中老年人跌倒发生率。