中国全科医学 ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (31): 3847-3855.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0089
• 热点研究 • 下一篇
收稿日期:
2023-02-21
修回日期:
2023-06-24
出版日期:
2023-11-05
发布日期:
2023-07-14
通讯作者:
苏敏
基金资助:
LI Dongxu, SU Min*(), LIU Bin, ZHANG Tianjiao, ZHANG Weile
Received:
2023-02-21
Revised:
2023-06-24
Published:
2023-11-05
Online:
2023-07-14
Contact:
SU Min
摘要: 背景 "以患者为中心"对基层公立医疗机构的医患沟通方式和医患关系重构提出了更高要求。 目的 分析"以患者为中心"的医患沟通对医疗服务质量的影响,为促进基层公立医疗机构改革提供相关科学依据。 方法 选择内蒙古自治区某市主城区内所有提供基本医疗服务的公立社区卫生服务中心为研究现场,于2021年采用标准化病人法开展了现场调查。本次调查包括由来自26家医疗机构的59名医生和12名标准化病人产生的118条医患沟通数据。本研究选择感冒、哮喘和不稳定型心绞痛作为标准化病人所要扮演的疾病类型。结合多元回归模型和Probit模型,评估"以患者为中心"的医患沟通对医疗服务质量的影响。 结果 由118条医患沟通数据得出的结果显示,中位推荐问诊条目依从性为17.6%(14.6%),中位推荐检查条目依从性为25.0%(40.0%);其中75条(63.6%)诊断正确,59条(50.0%)治疗正确;中位总费用为84.84(130.44)元,中位药物费用为37.62(47.38)元;其中66条(55.9%)有不必要药物,71条(60.2%)有不必要检查;中位就诊时间为13.625(10.850)min;"以患者为中心"的医患沟通平均得分为(26.712±10.658)分,第一维度得分为(12.915±5.355)分,第二维度得分为(7.492±2.867)分,第三维度得分为(6.305±3.465)分。多元线性回归模型和Probit模型结果显示,"以患者为中心"的医患沟通总得分每增加1分,推荐问诊条目依从性提高0.001个百分点,推荐检查依从性增加0.001个百分点,诊断正确率平均上升4.6个百分点,治疗正确率上升4.2个百分点,总费用提高1.993元,药物费用提高0.517元,不必要药物比例下降3.4个百分点,不必要检查比例增加0.2个百分点,就诊时间减少0.291 min。 结论 "以患者为中心"的医患沟通增加了医疗服务的有效性和安全性,但也提高了医疗费用。需要从资源禀赋、薪资激励、医患关系、协同服务四方面促进"以患者为中心"的医患沟通,进而提高医疗服务质量。
变量 | 推荐问诊条目依从性 | 推荐检查条目依从性 | 诊断正确与否 | 治疗正确与否 | 总费用 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | |
"以患者为中心"的医患沟通总得分 | 0.001(-0.000,0.003) | 0.147 | 0.001(-0.003,0.004) | 0.790 | 0.046(0.022,0.071) | <0.001 | 0.042(0.019,0.065) | <0.001 | 1.993(-2.491,6.477) | 0.380 |
医生性别(以女为参照) | 0.023(-0.023,0.070) | 0.325 | -0.013(-0.107,0.081) | 0.783 | 0.176(-0.360,0.713) | 0.519 | 0.073(-0.490,0.636) | 0.800 | 45.355(-43.186,133.895) | 0.312 |
标准化病人性别(以女为参照) | 0.027(-0.021,0.075) | 0.266 | 0.076(-0.022,0.173) | 0.127 | -0.266(-0.894,0.362) | 0.406 | -0.770(-1.398,-0.142) | 0.016 | 49.294(-37.463,136.052) | 0.262 |
医生年龄(岁,以<30为参照) | ||||||||||
30~39 | -0.020(-0.143,0.103) | 0.749 | 0.247(0.057,0.436) | 0.011 | 0.198(-1.370,1.766) | 0.805 | -0.316(-1.597,0.965) | 0.629 | 138.093(-4.307,280.493) | 0.057 |
40~49 | -0.023(-0.148,0.102) | 0.716 | 0.252(0.059,0.445) | 0.011 | 0.191(-1.418,1.780) | 0.816 | 0.120(-1.222,1.462) | 0.861 | 158.678(14.871,302.485) | 0.031 |
≥50 | -0.030(-0.151,0.091) | 0.620 | 0.299(0.108,0.489) | 0.002 | -0.455(-2.036,1.126) | 0.573 | -0.049(-1.344,1.246) | 0.941 | 219.451(83.279,355.622) | 0.002 |
机构是否参加医联体(以否为参照) | 0.005(-0.048,0.057) | 0.864 | 0.042(-0.090,0.174) | 0.531 | -0.684(-1.439,0.070) | 0.076 | -0.606(-1.395,0.184) | 0.133 | 50.724(-31.588,133.035) | 0.224 |
是否送小礼物(以否为参照) | 0.027(-0.030,0.083) | 0.361 | 0.048(-0.106,0.202) | 0.541 | 0.012(-0.669,0.692) | 0.973 | -0.373(-1.142,0.397) | 0.342 | -56.466(-138.919,25.987) | 0.177 |
疾病种类(以感冒为参照) | ||||||||||
哮喘 | -0.065(-0.124,-0.005) | 0.033 | -0.180(-0.309,-0.050) | 0.007 | -0.425(-1.093,0.242) | 0.212 | -1.671(-2.455,-0.886) | <0.001 | 13.040(-51.831,77.912) | 0.691 |
不稳定型心绞痛 | -0.029(-0.089,0.032) | 0.350 | 0.013(-0.123,0.148) | 0.851 | -0.929(-1.582,-0.276) | 0.005 | 0.054(-0.601,0.708) | 0.873 | 171.437(71.593,271.281) | 0.001 |
地区效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | |||||
R2/Pseudo R2 | 0.167 | 0.245 | 0.206 | 0.303 | 0.180 | |||||
变量 | 药物费用 | 不必要药物情况 | 不必要检查情况 | 就诊时间 | ||||||
b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | |||
"以患者为中心"的医患沟通总得分 | 0.517(0.072,0.962) | 0.023 | -0.034(-0.055,-0.012) | 0.002 | 0.002(-0.022,0.026) | 0.866 | -0.291(-1.020,0.437) | 0.430 | ||
医生性别(以女为参照) | -1.346(-18.247,15.555) | 0.875 | -0.141(-0.692,0.410) | 0.617 | -0.518(-1.073,0.037) | 0.067 | 4.812(-12.810,22.434) | 0.589 | ||
标准化病人性别(以女为参照) | -6.166(-25.867,13.535) | 0.536 | 0.843(0.220,1.465) | 0.008 | 0.507(-0.122,1.136) | 0.114 | -25.282(-74.076,23.513) | 0.307 | ||
医生年龄(岁,以<30为参照) | ||||||||||
30~39 | 17.309(-21.487,56.105) | 0.378 | 0.562(-0.569,1.694) | 0.330 | 0.521(-0.553,1.596) | 0.342 | 36.911(-33.811,107.633) | 0.303 | ||
40~49 | 11.606(-25.304,48.515) | 0.534 | 0.360(-0.826,1.545) | 0.552 | 0.351(-0.827,1.221) | 0.482 | 10.481(-30.880,51.843) | 0.616 | ||
≥50 | 12.696(-25.614,51.007) | 0.513 | 0.488(-0.657,1.634) | 0.403 | 0.462(-0.654,1.397) | 0.395 | 9.873(-31.680,1.426) | 0.639 | ||
机构是否参加医联体(以否为参照) | 9.482(-4.453,23.417) | 0.180 | 0.231(-0.533,0.995) | 0.554 | -0.227(-0.928,0.473) | 0.525 | -7.804(-29.67,14.067) | 0.481 | ||
是否送小礼物(以否为参照) | 4.214(-16.473,24.901) | 0.687 | 0.388(-0.359,1.135) | 0.309 | -0.293(-0.956,0.369) | 0.386 | 59.096(-48.185,166.376) | 0.277 | ||
疾病种类(以感冒为参照) | ||||||||||
哮喘 | -38.861(-63.234,-14.488) | 0.002 | 1.473(0.729,2.217) | <0.001 | 0.849(0.185,1.513) | 0.012 | 4.616(-11.932,21.163) | 0.581 | ||
不稳定型心绞痛 | -14.243(-40.557,12.072) | 0.286 | 0.363(-0.266,0.992) | 0.257 | 1.356(0.689,2.023) | <0.001 | 12.312(-10.371,34.995) | 0.284 | ||
地区效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | ||||||
R2/Pseudo R2 | 0.156 | 0.230 | 0.159 | 0.126 |
表1 "以患者为中心"的医患沟通及控制变量对医疗服务质量的影响
Table 1 Impact of "patients-centered" doctor-patient communication and control variables on the quality of primary care services
变量 | 推荐问诊条目依从性 | 推荐检查条目依从性 | 诊断正确与否 | 治疗正确与否 | 总费用 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | |
"以患者为中心"的医患沟通总得分 | 0.001(-0.000,0.003) | 0.147 | 0.001(-0.003,0.004) | 0.790 | 0.046(0.022,0.071) | <0.001 | 0.042(0.019,0.065) | <0.001 | 1.993(-2.491,6.477) | 0.380 |
医生性别(以女为参照) | 0.023(-0.023,0.070) | 0.325 | -0.013(-0.107,0.081) | 0.783 | 0.176(-0.360,0.713) | 0.519 | 0.073(-0.490,0.636) | 0.800 | 45.355(-43.186,133.895) | 0.312 |
标准化病人性别(以女为参照) | 0.027(-0.021,0.075) | 0.266 | 0.076(-0.022,0.173) | 0.127 | -0.266(-0.894,0.362) | 0.406 | -0.770(-1.398,-0.142) | 0.016 | 49.294(-37.463,136.052) | 0.262 |
医生年龄(岁,以<30为参照) | ||||||||||
30~39 | -0.020(-0.143,0.103) | 0.749 | 0.247(0.057,0.436) | 0.011 | 0.198(-1.370,1.766) | 0.805 | -0.316(-1.597,0.965) | 0.629 | 138.093(-4.307,280.493) | 0.057 |
40~49 | -0.023(-0.148,0.102) | 0.716 | 0.252(0.059,0.445) | 0.011 | 0.191(-1.418,1.780) | 0.816 | 0.120(-1.222,1.462) | 0.861 | 158.678(14.871,302.485) | 0.031 |
≥50 | -0.030(-0.151,0.091) | 0.620 | 0.299(0.108,0.489) | 0.002 | -0.455(-2.036,1.126) | 0.573 | -0.049(-1.344,1.246) | 0.941 | 219.451(83.279,355.622) | 0.002 |
机构是否参加医联体(以否为参照) | 0.005(-0.048,0.057) | 0.864 | 0.042(-0.090,0.174) | 0.531 | -0.684(-1.439,0.070) | 0.076 | -0.606(-1.395,0.184) | 0.133 | 50.724(-31.588,133.035) | 0.224 |
是否送小礼物(以否为参照) | 0.027(-0.030,0.083) | 0.361 | 0.048(-0.106,0.202) | 0.541 | 0.012(-0.669,0.692) | 0.973 | -0.373(-1.142,0.397) | 0.342 | -56.466(-138.919,25.987) | 0.177 |
疾病种类(以感冒为参照) | ||||||||||
哮喘 | -0.065(-0.124,-0.005) | 0.033 | -0.180(-0.309,-0.050) | 0.007 | -0.425(-1.093,0.242) | 0.212 | -1.671(-2.455,-0.886) | <0.001 | 13.040(-51.831,77.912) | 0.691 |
不稳定型心绞痛 | -0.029(-0.089,0.032) | 0.350 | 0.013(-0.123,0.148) | 0.851 | -0.929(-1.582,-0.276) | 0.005 | 0.054(-0.601,0.708) | 0.873 | 171.437(71.593,271.281) | 0.001 |
地区效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | |||||
R2/Pseudo R2 | 0.167 | 0.245 | 0.206 | 0.303 | 0.180 | |||||
变量 | 药物费用 | 不必要药物情况 | 不必要检查情况 | 就诊时间 | ||||||
b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | |||
"以患者为中心"的医患沟通总得分 | 0.517(0.072,0.962) | 0.023 | -0.034(-0.055,-0.012) | 0.002 | 0.002(-0.022,0.026) | 0.866 | -0.291(-1.020,0.437) | 0.430 | ||
医生性别(以女为参照) | -1.346(-18.247,15.555) | 0.875 | -0.141(-0.692,0.410) | 0.617 | -0.518(-1.073,0.037) | 0.067 | 4.812(-12.810,22.434) | 0.589 | ||
标准化病人性别(以女为参照) | -6.166(-25.867,13.535) | 0.536 | 0.843(0.220,1.465) | 0.008 | 0.507(-0.122,1.136) | 0.114 | -25.282(-74.076,23.513) | 0.307 | ||
医生年龄(岁,以<30为参照) | ||||||||||
30~39 | 17.309(-21.487,56.105) | 0.378 | 0.562(-0.569,1.694) | 0.330 | 0.521(-0.553,1.596) | 0.342 | 36.911(-33.811,107.633) | 0.303 | ||
40~49 | 11.606(-25.304,48.515) | 0.534 | 0.360(-0.826,1.545) | 0.552 | 0.351(-0.827,1.221) | 0.482 | 10.481(-30.880,51.843) | 0.616 | ||
≥50 | 12.696(-25.614,51.007) | 0.513 | 0.488(-0.657,1.634) | 0.403 | 0.462(-0.654,1.397) | 0.395 | 9.873(-31.680,1.426) | 0.639 | ||
机构是否参加医联体(以否为参照) | 9.482(-4.453,23.417) | 0.180 | 0.231(-0.533,0.995) | 0.554 | -0.227(-0.928,0.473) | 0.525 | -7.804(-29.67,14.067) | 0.481 | ||
是否送小礼物(以否为参照) | 4.214(-16.473,24.901) | 0.687 | 0.388(-0.359,1.135) | 0.309 | -0.293(-0.956,0.369) | 0.386 | 59.096(-48.185,166.376) | 0.277 | ||
疾病种类(以感冒为参照) | ||||||||||
哮喘 | -38.861(-63.234,-14.488) | 0.002 | 1.473(0.729,2.217) | <0.001 | 0.849(0.185,1.513) | 0.012 | 4.616(-11.932,21.163) | 0.581 | ||
不稳定型心绞痛 | -14.243(-40.557,12.072) | 0.286 | 0.363(-0.266,0.992) | 0.257 | 1.356(0.689,2.023) | <0.001 | 12.312(-10.371,34.995) | 0.284 | ||
地区效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | ||||||
R2/Pseudo R2 | 0.156 | 0.230 | 0.159 | 0.126 |
变量 | 推荐问诊条目依从性 | 推荐检查条目依从性 | 诊断正确与否 | 治疗正确与否 | 总费用 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | |
"以患者为中心"的医患沟通第一维度得分 | 0.004(0.000,0.007) | 0.048 | 0.000(-0.007,0.008) | 0.927 | 0.121(0.064,0.178) | <0.001 | 0.094(0.045,0.142) | <0.001 | 4.498(-4.624,13.619) | 0.330 |
医生性别(以女为参照) | 0.024(-0.022,0.070) | 0.307 | -0.012(-0.107,0.081) | 0.789 | 0.192(-0.357,0.740) | 0.493 | 0.103(-0.461,0.667) | 0.720 | 46.841(-41.155,134.837) | 0.294 |
标准化病人性别(以女为参照) | 0.030(-0.017,0.078) | 0.216 | 0.076(-0.020,0.017) | 0.121 | -0.172(-0.804,0.460) | 0.594 | -0.648(-1.267,-0.029) | 0.040 | 54.273(-29.609,138.154) | 0.202 |
医生年龄(岁,以<30为参照) | ||||||||||
30~39 | -0.029(-0.149,0.090) | 0.628 | 0.247(0.057,0.436) | 0.010 | -0.057(-1.579,1.464) | 0.941 | -0.522(-1.887,0.843) | 0.453 | 129.256(-17.559,276.071) | 0.084 |
40~49 | -0.030(-0.153,0.091) | 0.616 | 0.252(0.059,0.445) | 0.010 | -0.016(-1.571,1.540) | 0.984 | -0.041(-1.463,1.380) | 0.954 | 151.692(6.753,296.631) | 0.040 |
≥50 | -0.037(-0.155,0.081) | -0.154 | 0.299(0.108,0.489) | 0.002 | -0.661(-2.188,0.867) | 0.397 | -0.146(-1.521,1.230) | 0.835 | 214.578(73.537,355.621) | 0.003 |
机构是否参加医联体(以否为参照) | 0.003(-0.049,0.056) | 0.905 | 0.042(-0.090,0.174) | 0.526 | -0.706(-1.449,0.036) | 0.062 | -0.616(-1.402,0.169) | 0.124 | 50.177(-31.878,132.233) | 0.228 |
是否送小礼物(以否为参照) | 0.025(-0.031,0.081) | 0.374 | 0.048(-0.106,0.202) | 0.529 | 0.019(-0.658,0.697) | 0.955 | -0.357(-1.109,0.396) | 0.353 | -55.942(-137.685,25.802) | 0.178 |
疾病种类(以感冒为参照) | ||||||||||
哮喘 | -0.064(-0.122,-0.005) | 0.033 | -0.180(-0.309,-0.050) | 0.007 | -0.369(-1.048,0.310) | 0.287 | -1.620(-2.409,-0.832) | <0.001 | 15.473(-47.354,78.300) | 0.626 |
不稳定型心绞痛 | -0.027(-0.087,0.032) | 0.367 | 0.013(-0.123,0.148) | 0.851 | -0.936(-1.597,-0.274) | 0.006 | 0.077(-0.578,0.733) | 0.817 | 172.076(72.512,271.640) | 0.001 |
地区效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | |||||
R2/Pseudo R2 | 0.180 | 0.245 | 0.239 | 0.304 | 0.179 | |||||
变量 | 药物费用 | 不必要药物情况 | 不必要检查情况 | 就诊时间 | ||||||
b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | |||
"以患者为中心"的医患沟通第一维度得分 | 1.542(0.278,2.807) | 0.017 | -0.077(-0.124,-0.031) | 0.001 | 0.003(-0.497,0.057) | 0.897 | -0.558(-2.097,0.980) | 0.473 | ||
医生性别(以女为参照) | -0.987(-17.636,15.660) | 0.907 | -0.163(-0.714,0.387) | 0.561 | -0.516(-1.067,0.034) | 0.066 | 4.587(-12.784,21.960) | 0.602 | ||
标准化病人性别(以女为参照) | -4.823(-24.086,14.440) | 0.621 | 0.752(0.135,1.370) | 0.017 | 0.511(-0.118,1.142) | 0.111 | -25.995(-75.918,23.926) | 0.304 | ||
医生年龄(岁,以<30为参照) | ||||||||||
30~39 | 13.493(-24.833,51.820) | 0.487 | 0.717(-0.445,1.879) | 0.227 | 0.491(-0.341,1.924) | 0.266 | 37.801(-33.562,109.165) | 0.296 | ||
40~49 | 8.444(-29.592,46.481) | 0.661 | 0.475(-0.741,1.690) | 0.444 | 0.392(-0.872,1.194) | 0.453 | 11.147(-29.523,51.817) | 0.588 | ||
≥50 | 10.039(-28.901,48.980) | 0.610 | 0.557(-0.622,1.736) | 0.355 | 0.445(-0.621,1.543) | 0.361 | 10.218(-30.275,50.712) | 0.618 | ||
机构是否参加医联体(以否为参照) | 8.979(-4.885,22.843) | 0.202 | 0.237(-0.533,1.008) | 0.546 | -0.227(-0.928,0.473) | 0.525 | -7.819(-29.694,14.055) | 0.480 | ||
是否送小礼物(以否为参照) | 3.845(-17.418,25.109) | 0.721 | 0.385(-0.351,1.122) | 0.306 | -0.290(-0.951,0.369) | 0.488 | 58.885(-49.148,165.920) | 0.278 | ||
疾病种类(以感冒为参照) | ||||||||||
哮喘 | -38.414(-62.759,-14.068) | 0.002 | 1.435(0.689,2.181) | <0.001 | 0.852(0.190,1.513) | 0.012 | 4.211(-12.146,20.570) | 0.611 | ||
不稳定型心绞痛 | -13.726(-39.392,11.941) | 0.291 | 0.346(-0.288,0.980) | 0.285 | 1.356(0.689,2.022) | <0.001 | 12.311(-10.308,34.931) | 0.283 | ||
地区效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | ||||||
R2/Pseudo R2 | 0.168 | 0.233 | 0.159 | 0.126 |
表2 "以患者为中心"的医患沟通第一维度及控制变量对医疗服务质量的影响
Table 2 The impact of the first dimension of "patients-centered" doctor-patient communication and control variables on the quality of primary care services
变量 | 推荐问诊条目依从性 | 推荐检查条目依从性 | 诊断正确与否 | 治疗正确与否 | 总费用 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | |
"以患者为中心"的医患沟通第一维度得分 | 0.004(0.000,0.007) | 0.048 | 0.000(-0.007,0.008) | 0.927 | 0.121(0.064,0.178) | <0.001 | 0.094(0.045,0.142) | <0.001 | 4.498(-4.624,13.619) | 0.330 |
医生性别(以女为参照) | 0.024(-0.022,0.070) | 0.307 | -0.012(-0.107,0.081) | 0.789 | 0.192(-0.357,0.740) | 0.493 | 0.103(-0.461,0.667) | 0.720 | 46.841(-41.155,134.837) | 0.294 |
标准化病人性别(以女为参照) | 0.030(-0.017,0.078) | 0.216 | 0.076(-0.020,0.017) | 0.121 | -0.172(-0.804,0.460) | 0.594 | -0.648(-1.267,-0.029) | 0.040 | 54.273(-29.609,138.154) | 0.202 |
医生年龄(岁,以<30为参照) | ||||||||||
30~39 | -0.029(-0.149,0.090) | 0.628 | 0.247(0.057,0.436) | 0.010 | -0.057(-1.579,1.464) | 0.941 | -0.522(-1.887,0.843) | 0.453 | 129.256(-17.559,276.071) | 0.084 |
40~49 | -0.030(-0.153,0.091) | 0.616 | 0.252(0.059,0.445) | 0.010 | -0.016(-1.571,1.540) | 0.984 | -0.041(-1.463,1.380) | 0.954 | 151.692(6.753,296.631) | 0.040 |
≥50 | -0.037(-0.155,0.081) | -0.154 | 0.299(0.108,0.489) | 0.002 | -0.661(-2.188,0.867) | 0.397 | -0.146(-1.521,1.230) | 0.835 | 214.578(73.537,355.621) | 0.003 |
机构是否参加医联体(以否为参照) | 0.003(-0.049,0.056) | 0.905 | 0.042(-0.090,0.174) | 0.526 | -0.706(-1.449,0.036) | 0.062 | -0.616(-1.402,0.169) | 0.124 | 50.177(-31.878,132.233) | 0.228 |
是否送小礼物(以否为参照) | 0.025(-0.031,0.081) | 0.374 | 0.048(-0.106,0.202) | 0.529 | 0.019(-0.658,0.697) | 0.955 | -0.357(-1.109,0.396) | 0.353 | -55.942(-137.685,25.802) | 0.178 |
疾病种类(以感冒为参照) | ||||||||||
哮喘 | -0.064(-0.122,-0.005) | 0.033 | -0.180(-0.309,-0.050) | 0.007 | -0.369(-1.048,0.310) | 0.287 | -1.620(-2.409,-0.832) | <0.001 | 15.473(-47.354,78.300) | 0.626 |
不稳定型心绞痛 | -0.027(-0.087,0.032) | 0.367 | 0.013(-0.123,0.148) | 0.851 | -0.936(-1.597,-0.274) | 0.006 | 0.077(-0.578,0.733) | 0.817 | 172.076(72.512,271.640) | 0.001 |
地区效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | |||||
R2/Pseudo R2 | 0.180 | 0.245 | 0.239 | 0.304 | 0.179 | |||||
变量 | 药物费用 | 不必要药物情况 | 不必要检查情况 | 就诊时间 | ||||||
b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | |||
"以患者为中心"的医患沟通第一维度得分 | 1.542(0.278,2.807) | 0.017 | -0.077(-0.124,-0.031) | 0.001 | 0.003(-0.497,0.057) | 0.897 | -0.558(-2.097,0.980) | 0.473 | ||
医生性别(以女为参照) | -0.987(-17.636,15.660) | 0.907 | -0.163(-0.714,0.387) | 0.561 | -0.516(-1.067,0.034) | 0.066 | 4.587(-12.784,21.960) | 0.602 | ||
标准化病人性别(以女为参照) | -4.823(-24.086,14.440) | 0.621 | 0.752(0.135,1.370) | 0.017 | 0.511(-0.118,1.142) | 0.111 | -25.995(-75.918,23.926) | 0.304 | ||
医生年龄(岁,以<30为参照) | ||||||||||
30~39 | 13.493(-24.833,51.820) | 0.487 | 0.717(-0.445,1.879) | 0.227 | 0.491(-0.341,1.924) | 0.266 | 37.801(-33.562,109.165) | 0.296 | ||
40~49 | 8.444(-29.592,46.481) | 0.661 | 0.475(-0.741,1.690) | 0.444 | 0.392(-0.872,1.194) | 0.453 | 11.147(-29.523,51.817) | 0.588 | ||
≥50 | 10.039(-28.901,48.980) | 0.610 | 0.557(-0.622,1.736) | 0.355 | 0.445(-0.621,1.543) | 0.361 | 10.218(-30.275,50.712) | 0.618 | ||
机构是否参加医联体(以否为参照) | 8.979(-4.885,22.843) | 0.202 | 0.237(-0.533,1.008) | 0.546 | -0.227(-0.928,0.473) | 0.525 | -7.819(-29.694,14.055) | 0.480 | ||
是否送小礼物(以否为参照) | 3.845(-17.418,25.109) | 0.721 | 0.385(-0.351,1.122) | 0.306 | -0.290(-0.951,0.369) | 0.488 | 58.885(-49.148,165.920) | 0.278 | ||
疾病种类(以感冒为参照) | ||||||||||
哮喘 | -38.414(-62.759,-14.068) | 0.002 | 1.435(0.689,2.181) | <0.001 | 0.852(0.190,1.513) | 0.012 | 4.211(-12.146,20.570) | 0.611 | ||
不稳定型心绞痛 | -13.726(-39.392,11.941) | 0.291 | 0.346(-0.288,0.980) | 0.285 | 1.356(0.689,2.022) | <0.001 | 12.311(-10.308,34.931) | 0.283 | ||
地区效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | ||||||
R2/Pseudo R2 | 0.168 | 0.233 | 0.159 | 0.126 |
变量 | 推荐问诊条目依从性 | 推荐检查条目依从性 | 诊断正确与否 | 治疗正确与否 | 总费用 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | |
"以患者为中心"的医患沟通第二维度得分 | 0.004(-0.002,0.011) | 0.206 | -0.004(-0.020,0.012) | 0.573 | 0.122(0.028,0.217) | 0.011 | 0.160(0.064,0.256) | 0.001 | 8.192(-11.873,28.257) | 0.420 |
医生性别(以女为参照) | 0.022(-0.024,0.069) | 0.347 | -0.011(-0.104,0.083) | 0.823 | 0.146(-0.373,0.665) | 0.582 | 0.052(-0.497,0.600) | 0.854 | 43.435(-47.014,133.884) | 0.343 |
标准化病人性别(以女为参照) | 0.028(-0.020,0.076) | 0.257 | 0.079(-0.019,0.177) | 0.114 | -0.224(-0.835,0.385) | 0.470 | -0.721(-1.340,-0.101) | 0.023 | 49.752(-36.180,135.683) | 0.254 |
医生年龄(岁,以<30为参照) | ||||||||||
30~39 | -0.013(-0.138,0.111) | 0.828 | 0.248(0.070,0.426) | 0.007 | 0.416(-1.086,1.918) | 0.587 | -0.085(-1.366,1.195) | 0.896 | 149.118(6.634,291.601) | 0.040 |
40~49 | -0.016(-0.142,0.110) | 0.801 | 0.253(0.068,0.437) | 0.008 | 0.384(-1.166,1.935) | 0.627 | 0.366(-0.970,1.703) | 0.591 | 171.188(20.891,321.488) | 0.026 |
≥50 | -0.024(-0.146,0.099) | 0.701 | 0.302(0.123,0.481) | 0.001 | -0.196(-1.701,1.310) | 0.799 | 0.211(-1.078,1.499) | 0.749 | 230.756(93.128,368.384) | 0.001 |
机构是否参加医联体(以否为参照) | 0.006(-0.045,0.058) | 0.804 | 0.043(-0.088,0.175) | 0.518 | -0.540(-1.261,0.181) | 0.142 | -0.533(-1.285,0.219) | 0.165 | 54.108(-30.641,138.856) | 0.208 |
是否送小礼物(以否为参照) | 0.026(-0.031,0.083) | 0.366 | 0.054(-0.098,0.206) | 0.486 | 0.057(-0.646,0.760) | 0.873 | -0.423(-1.204,0.357) | 0.287 | -57.784(-142.828,27.259) | 0.181 |
疾病种类(以感冒为参照) | ||||||||||
哮喘 | -0.067(-0.127,-0.007) | 0.029 | -0.172(-0.304,-0.040) | 0.011 | -0.488(-1.169,0.192) | 0.160 | -1.747(-2.515,-0.979) | <0.001 | 6.812(-62.654,76.277) | 0.846 |
不稳定型心绞痛 | -0.028(-0.089,0.032) | 0.358 | 0.009(-0.127,0.145) | 0.892 | -0.888(-1.517,-0.259) | 0.006 | 0.064(-0.590,0.718) | 0.848 | 172.577(70.909,274.246) | 0.001 |
地区效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | |||||
R2/Pseudo R2 | 0.163 | 0.247 | 0.152 | 0.290 | 0.179 | |||||
变量 | 药物费用 | 不必要药物情况 | 不必要检查情况 | 就诊时间 | ||||||
b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | |||
"以患者为中心"的医患沟通第二维度得分 | 1.956(-0.245,4.158) | 0.081 | -0.149(-0.239,-0.059) | 0.001 | 0.008(-0.173,0.188) | 0.935 | -1.353(-4.482,1.774) | 0.393 | ||
医生性别(以女为参照) | -1.767(-19.278,15.744) | 0.842 | -0.112(-0.658,0.434) | 0.688 | -0.877(-1.865,0.111) | 0.082 | 5.164(-12.784,23.112) | 0.570 | ||
标准化病人性别(以女为参照) | -5.966(-25.949,14.016) | 0.555 | 0.814(0.189,1.438) | 0.011 | 0.859(-0.271,1.990) | 0.136 | -25.274(-74.044,23.497) | 0.307 | ||
医生年龄(岁,以<30为参照) | ||||||||||
30~39 | 20.136(-17.881,58.153) | 0.296 | 0.361(-0.798,1.520) | 0.541 | 0.520(-0.553,1.594) | 0.342 | 35.269(-33.101,103.639) | 0.309 | ||
40~49 | 14.783(-21.035,50.600) | 0.415 | 0.148(-1.066,1.363) | 0.811 | 0.360(-0.831,1.216) | 0.722 | 8.590(-32.069,49.248) | 0.676 | ||
≥50 | 15.640(-21.879,53.159) | 0.410 | 0.271(-0.894,1.437) | 0.648 | 0.451(-0.654,1.443) | 0.563 | 8.231(-33.442,49.905) | 0.696 | ||
机构是否参加医联体(以否为参照) | 10.368(-3.614,24.350) | 0.144 | 0.190(-0.556,0.935) | 0.618 | -0.334(-1.519,0.849) | 0.580 | -8.291(-30.669,14.086) | 0.464 | ||
是否送小礼物(以否为参照) | 4.035(-16.745,24.815) | 0.701 | 0.433(-0.318,1.185) | 0.258 | -0.507(-1.592,0.579) | 0.361 | 59.440(-48.385,167.264) | 0.277 | ||
疾病种类(以感冒为参照) | ||||||||||
哮喘 | -40.253(-65.658,-14.847) | 0.002 | 1.594(0.848,2.341) | <0.001 | 1.415(0.251,2.579) | 0.017 | 5.734(-11.235,22.704) | 0.504 | ||
不稳定型心绞痛 | -14.043(-39.812,11.724) | 0.282 | 0.340(-0.294,0.975) | 0.293 | 2.233(1.073,3.393) | <0.001 | 12.055(-10.396,34.506) | 0.289 | ||
地区效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | ||||||
R2/Pseudo R2 | 0.153 | 0.233 | 0.159 | 0.127 |
表3 医患沟通第二维度及控制变量对医疗服务质量的影响
Table 3 The impact of the second dimension of "patients-centered" doctor-patient communication and control variables on the quality of primary care services
变量 | 推荐问诊条目依从性 | 推荐检查条目依从性 | 诊断正确与否 | 治疗正确与否 | 总费用 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | |
"以患者为中心"的医患沟通第二维度得分 | 0.004(-0.002,0.011) | 0.206 | -0.004(-0.020,0.012) | 0.573 | 0.122(0.028,0.217) | 0.011 | 0.160(0.064,0.256) | 0.001 | 8.192(-11.873,28.257) | 0.420 |
医生性别(以女为参照) | 0.022(-0.024,0.069) | 0.347 | -0.011(-0.104,0.083) | 0.823 | 0.146(-0.373,0.665) | 0.582 | 0.052(-0.497,0.600) | 0.854 | 43.435(-47.014,133.884) | 0.343 |
标准化病人性别(以女为参照) | 0.028(-0.020,0.076) | 0.257 | 0.079(-0.019,0.177) | 0.114 | -0.224(-0.835,0.385) | 0.470 | -0.721(-1.340,-0.101) | 0.023 | 49.752(-36.180,135.683) | 0.254 |
医生年龄(岁,以<30为参照) | ||||||||||
30~39 | -0.013(-0.138,0.111) | 0.828 | 0.248(0.070,0.426) | 0.007 | 0.416(-1.086,1.918) | 0.587 | -0.085(-1.366,1.195) | 0.896 | 149.118(6.634,291.601) | 0.040 |
40~49 | -0.016(-0.142,0.110) | 0.801 | 0.253(0.068,0.437) | 0.008 | 0.384(-1.166,1.935) | 0.627 | 0.366(-0.970,1.703) | 0.591 | 171.188(20.891,321.488) | 0.026 |
≥50 | -0.024(-0.146,0.099) | 0.701 | 0.302(0.123,0.481) | 0.001 | -0.196(-1.701,1.310) | 0.799 | 0.211(-1.078,1.499) | 0.749 | 230.756(93.128,368.384) | 0.001 |
机构是否参加医联体(以否为参照) | 0.006(-0.045,0.058) | 0.804 | 0.043(-0.088,0.175) | 0.518 | -0.540(-1.261,0.181) | 0.142 | -0.533(-1.285,0.219) | 0.165 | 54.108(-30.641,138.856) | 0.208 |
是否送小礼物(以否为参照) | 0.026(-0.031,0.083) | 0.366 | 0.054(-0.098,0.206) | 0.486 | 0.057(-0.646,0.760) | 0.873 | -0.423(-1.204,0.357) | 0.287 | -57.784(-142.828,27.259) | 0.181 |
疾病种类(以感冒为参照) | ||||||||||
哮喘 | -0.067(-0.127,-0.007) | 0.029 | -0.172(-0.304,-0.040) | 0.011 | -0.488(-1.169,0.192) | 0.160 | -1.747(-2.515,-0.979) | <0.001 | 6.812(-62.654,76.277) | 0.846 |
不稳定型心绞痛 | -0.028(-0.089,0.032) | 0.358 | 0.009(-0.127,0.145) | 0.892 | -0.888(-1.517,-0.259) | 0.006 | 0.064(-0.590,0.718) | 0.848 | 172.577(70.909,274.246) | 0.001 |
地区效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | |||||
R2/Pseudo R2 | 0.163 | 0.247 | 0.152 | 0.290 | 0.179 | |||||
变量 | 药物费用 | 不必要药物情况 | 不必要检查情况 | 就诊时间 | ||||||
b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | |||
"以患者为中心"的医患沟通第二维度得分 | 1.956(-0.245,4.158) | 0.081 | -0.149(-0.239,-0.059) | 0.001 | 0.008(-0.173,0.188) | 0.935 | -1.353(-4.482,1.774) | 0.393 | ||
医生性别(以女为参照) | -1.767(-19.278,15.744) | 0.842 | -0.112(-0.658,0.434) | 0.688 | -0.877(-1.865,0.111) | 0.082 | 5.164(-12.784,23.112) | 0.570 | ||
标准化病人性别(以女为参照) | -5.966(-25.949,14.016) | 0.555 | 0.814(0.189,1.438) | 0.011 | 0.859(-0.271,1.990) | 0.136 | -25.274(-74.044,23.497) | 0.307 | ||
医生年龄(岁,以<30为参照) | ||||||||||
30~39 | 20.136(-17.881,58.153) | 0.296 | 0.361(-0.798,1.520) | 0.541 | 0.520(-0.553,1.594) | 0.342 | 35.269(-33.101,103.639) | 0.309 | ||
40~49 | 14.783(-21.035,50.600) | 0.415 | 0.148(-1.066,1.363) | 0.811 | 0.360(-0.831,1.216) | 0.722 | 8.590(-32.069,49.248) | 0.676 | ||
≥50 | 15.640(-21.879,53.159) | 0.410 | 0.271(-0.894,1.437) | 0.648 | 0.451(-0.654,1.443) | 0.563 | 8.231(-33.442,49.905) | 0.696 | ||
机构是否参加医联体(以否为参照) | 10.368(-3.614,24.350) | 0.144 | 0.190(-0.556,0.935) | 0.618 | -0.334(-1.519,0.849) | 0.580 | -8.291(-30.669,14.086) | 0.464 | ||
是否送小礼物(以否为参照) | 4.035(-16.745,24.815) | 0.701 | 0.433(-0.318,1.185) | 0.258 | -0.507(-1.592,0.579) | 0.361 | 59.440(-48.385,167.264) | 0.277 | ||
疾病种类(以感冒为参照) | ||||||||||
哮喘 | -40.253(-65.658,-14.847) | 0.002 | 1.594(0.848,2.341) | <0.001 | 1.415(0.251,2.579) | 0.017 | 5.734(-11.235,22.704) | 0.504 | ||
不稳定型心绞痛 | -14.043(-39.812,11.724) | 0.282 | 0.340(-0.294,0.975) | 0.293 | 2.233(1.073,3.393) | <0.001 | 12.055(-10.396,34.506) | 0.289 | ||
地区效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | ||||||
R2/Pseudo R2 | 0.153 | 0.233 | 0.159 | 0.127 |
变量 | 推荐问诊条目依从性 | 推荐检查条目依从性 | 诊断正确与否 | 治疗正确与否 | 总费用 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | |
"以患者为中心"的医患沟通第三维度得分 | 0.000(-0.005,0.005) | 0.962 | 0.008(-0.005,0.022) | 0.219 | 0.067(0.007,0.142) | 0.077 | 0.108(0.027,0.189) | 0.009 | 4.540(-12.526,21.606) | 0.599 |
医生性别(以女为参照) | 0.024(-0.023,0.071) | 0.307 | -0.013(-0.109,0.078) | 0.738 | 0.178(-0.341,0.697) | 0.501 | 0.129(-0.426,0.685) | 0.648 | 45.443(-42.405,133.291) | 0.307 |
标准化病人性别(以女为参照) | 0.029(-0.018,0.077) | 0.219 | 0.076(-0.031,0.163) | 0.182 | -0.217(-0.820,0.385) | 0.479 | -0.791(-1.431,-0.151) | 0.015 | 47.620(-44.830,140.071) | 0.309 |
医生年龄(岁,以<30为参照) | ||||||||||
30~39 | -0.015(-0.150,0.121) | 0.831 | 0.242(0.316,0.457) | 0.025 | 0.357(-1.148,1.863) | 0.642 | -0.212(-1.402,0.978) | 0.727 | 143.704(2.970,284.437) | 0.045 |
40~49 | -0.018(-0.154,0.119) | 0.796 | 0.244(0.032,0.457) | 0.025 | 0.253(-1.314,1.821) | 0.751 | 0.190(-1.079,1.458) | 0.769 | 162.337(16.076,308.598) | 0.030 |
≥50 | -0.024(-0.157,0.109) | 0.723 | 0.287(0.075,0.499) | 0.008 | -0.267(-1.787,1.252) | 0.730 | -0.012(-1.241,1.216) | 0.984 | 223.320(90.784,355.856) | 0.001 |
机构是否参加医联体(以否为参照) | 0.007(-0.047,0.060) | 0.808 | 0.035(-0.098,0.168) | 0.600 | -0.581(-1.321,0.158) | 0.123 | -0.591(-1.384,1.202) | 0.144 | 50.363(-32.655,133.381) | 0.232 |
是否送小礼物(以否为参照) | 0.030(-0.027,0.086) | 0.298 | 0.038(-0.116,0.193) | 0.622 | 0.076(-0.627,0.779) | 0.833 | -0.436(-1.262,0.391) | 0.302 | -55.742(-139.982,28.499) | 0.192 |
疾病种类(以感冒为参照) | ||||||||||
哮喘 | -0.062(-0.122,-0.002) | 0.042 | -0.185(-0.314,-0.055) | 0.006 | -0.357(-1.025,0.311) | 0.296 | -1.594(-2.374,-0.813) | <0.001 | 14.242(-52.896,81.380) | 0.675 |
不稳定型心绞痛 | -0.031(-0.092,0.031) | 0.326 | 0.010(-0.123,0.144) | 0.877 | -0.929(-1.551,-0.308) | 0.003 | 0.052(-0.673,0.569) | 0.870 | 167.055(71.911,262.200) | 0.001 |
地区效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | |||||
R2/Pseudo R2 | 0.154 | 0.256 | 0.127 | 0.274 | 0.174 | |||||
变量 | 药物费用 | 不必要药物情况 | 不必要检查情况 | 就诊时间 | ||||||
b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | |||
"以患者为中心"的医患沟通第三维度得分 | 0.717(-1.580,3.014) | 0.537 | -0.088(-0.163,-0.012) | 0.023 | 0.006(-0.075,0.087) | 0.882 | -0.419(-1.798,2.636) | 0.709 | ||
医生性别(以女为参照) | -1.148(-18.115,15.819) | 0.894 | -0.168(-0.711,0.376) | 0.545 | -0.518(-1.076,0.036) | 0.067 | 4.388(-12.943,21.718) | 0.617 | ||
标准化病人性别(以女为参照) | -5.987(-24.155,12.181) | 0.515 | 0.872(0.245,1.499) | 0.006 | 0.507(-0.124,1.129) | 0.116 | -26.478(-77.729,24.773) | 0.308 | ||
医生年龄(岁,以<30为参照) | ||||||||||
30~39 | 19.151(-19.074,57.376) | 0.323 | 0.495(-0.602,1.593) | 0.376 | 0.526(-0.554,1.606) | 0.340 | 35.184(-31.102,101.469) | 0.295 | ||
40~49 | 13.115(-22.145,48.375) | 0.462 | 0.303(-0.863,1.468) | 0.611 | 0.413(-0.922,1.038) | 0.599 | 8.630(-28.941,46.201) | 0.650 | ||
≥50 | 14.508(-22.259,51.275) | 0.436 | 0.471(-0.651,1.593) | 0.410 | 0.453(-0.711,1.349) | 0.381 | 7.411(-31.732,46.555) | 0.708 | ||
机构是否参加医联体(以否为参照) | 9.909(-4.354,23.972) | 0.173 | 0.236(-0.528,0.999) | 0.545 | -0.228(-0.932,0.475) | 0.525 | -8.739(-31.591,14.114) | 0.450 | ||
是否送小礼物(以否为参照) | 4.997(-15.061,25.054) | 0.622 | 0.427(-0.352,1.206) | 0.283 | -0.293(-0.961,0.375) | 0.390 | 59.593(-47.027,162.214) | 0.278 | ||
疾病种类(以感冒为参照) | ||||||||||
哮喘 | -38.200(-61.563,-14.838) | 0.002 | 1.432(0.688,2.176) | <0.001 | 0.849(0.184,1.515) | 0.012 | 3.621(-12.907,20.148) | 0.665 | ||
不稳定型心绞痛 | -15.297(-41.576,10.982) | 0.251 | 0.446(-0.163,1.055) | 0.151 | 1.356(0.688,2.013) | <0.001 | 2.759(-10.297,35.814) | 0.275 | ||
地区效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | ||||||
R2/Pseudo R2 | 0.143 | 0.209 | 0.159 | 0.125 |
表4 "以患者为中心"的医患沟通第三维度及控制变量对医疗服务质量的影响
Table 4 The impact of the third dimension of "patients-centered" doctor-patient communication and control variables on the quality of primary care services
变量 | 推荐问诊条目依从性 | 推荐检查条目依从性 | 诊断正确与否 | 治疗正确与否 | 总费用 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | |
"以患者为中心"的医患沟通第三维度得分 | 0.000(-0.005,0.005) | 0.962 | 0.008(-0.005,0.022) | 0.219 | 0.067(0.007,0.142) | 0.077 | 0.108(0.027,0.189) | 0.009 | 4.540(-12.526,21.606) | 0.599 |
医生性别(以女为参照) | 0.024(-0.023,0.071) | 0.307 | -0.013(-0.109,0.078) | 0.738 | 0.178(-0.341,0.697) | 0.501 | 0.129(-0.426,0.685) | 0.648 | 45.443(-42.405,133.291) | 0.307 |
标准化病人性别(以女为参照) | 0.029(-0.018,0.077) | 0.219 | 0.076(-0.031,0.163) | 0.182 | -0.217(-0.820,0.385) | 0.479 | -0.791(-1.431,-0.151) | 0.015 | 47.620(-44.830,140.071) | 0.309 |
医生年龄(岁,以<30为参照) | ||||||||||
30~39 | -0.015(-0.150,0.121) | 0.831 | 0.242(0.316,0.457) | 0.025 | 0.357(-1.148,1.863) | 0.642 | -0.212(-1.402,0.978) | 0.727 | 143.704(2.970,284.437) | 0.045 |
40~49 | -0.018(-0.154,0.119) | 0.796 | 0.244(0.032,0.457) | 0.025 | 0.253(-1.314,1.821) | 0.751 | 0.190(-1.079,1.458) | 0.769 | 162.337(16.076,308.598) | 0.030 |
≥50 | -0.024(-0.157,0.109) | 0.723 | 0.287(0.075,0.499) | 0.008 | -0.267(-1.787,1.252) | 0.730 | -0.012(-1.241,1.216) | 0.984 | 223.320(90.784,355.856) | 0.001 |
机构是否参加医联体(以否为参照) | 0.007(-0.047,0.060) | 0.808 | 0.035(-0.098,0.168) | 0.600 | -0.581(-1.321,0.158) | 0.123 | -0.591(-1.384,1.202) | 0.144 | 50.363(-32.655,133.381) | 0.232 |
是否送小礼物(以否为参照) | 0.030(-0.027,0.086) | 0.298 | 0.038(-0.116,0.193) | 0.622 | 0.076(-0.627,0.779) | 0.833 | -0.436(-1.262,0.391) | 0.302 | -55.742(-139.982,28.499) | 0.192 |
疾病种类(以感冒为参照) | ||||||||||
哮喘 | -0.062(-0.122,-0.002) | 0.042 | -0.185(-0.314,-0.055) | 0.006 | -0.357(-1.025,0.311) | 0.296 | -1.594(-2.374,-0.813) | <0.001 | 14.242(-52.896,81.380) | 0.675 |
不稳定型心绞痛 | -0.031(-0.092,0.031) | 0.326 | 0.010(-0.123,0.144) | 0.877 | -0.929(-1.551,-0.308) | 0.003 | 0.052(-0.673,0.569) | 0.870 | 167.055(71.911,262.200) | 0.001 |
地区效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | |||||
R2/Pseudo R2 | 0.154 | 0.256 | 0.127 | 0.274 | 0.174 | |||||
变量 | 药物费用 | 不必要药物情况 | 不必要检查情况 | 就诊时间 | ||||||
b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | b(95%CI) | P值 | |||
"以患者为中心"的医患沟通第三维度得分 | 0.717(-1.580,3.014) | 0.537 | -0.088(-0.163,-0.012) | 0.023 | 0.006(-0.075,0.087) | 0.882 | -0.419(-1.798,2.636) | 0.709 | ||
医生性别(以女为参照) | -1.148(-18.115,15.819) | 0.894 | -0.168(-0.711,0.376) | 0.545 | -0.518(-1.076,0.036) | 0.067 | 4.388(-12.943,21.718) | 0.617 | ||
标准化病人性别(以女为参照) | -5.987(-24.155,12.181) | 0.515 | 0.872(0.245,1.499) | 0.006 | 0.507(-0.124,1.129) | 0.116 | -26.478(-77.729,24.773) | 0.308 | ||
医生年龄(岁,以<30为参照) | ||||||||||
30~39 | 19.151(-19.074,57.376) | 0.323 | 0.495(-0.602,1.593) | 0.376 | 0.526(-0.554,1.606) | 0.340 | 35.184(-31.102,101.469) | 0.295 | ||
40~49 | 13.115(-22.145,48.375) | 0.462 | 0.303(-0.863,1.468) | 0.611 | 0.413(-0.922,1.038) | 0.599 | 8.630(-28.941,46.201) | 0.650 | ||
≥50 | 14.508(-22.259,51.275) | 0.436 | 0.471(-0.651,1.593) | 0.410 | 0.453(-0.711,1.349) | 0.381 | 7.411(-31.732,46.555) | 0.708 | ||
机构是否参加医联体(以否为参照) | 9.909(-4.354,23.972) | 0.173 | 0.236(-0.528,0.999) | 0.545 | -0.228(-0.932,0.475) | 0.525 | -8.739(-31.591,14.114) | 0.450 | ||
是否送小礼物(以否为参照) | 4.997(-15.061,25.054) | 0.622 | 0.427(-0.352,1.206) | 0.283 | -0.293(-0.961,0.375) | 0.390 | 59.593(-47.027,162.214) | 0.278 | ||
疾病种类(以感冒为参照) | ||||||||||
哮喘 | -38.200(-61.563,-14.838) | 0.002 | 1.432(0.688,2.176) | <0.001 | 0.849(0.184,1.515) | 0.012 | 3.621(-12.907,20.148) | 0.665 | ||
不稳定型心绞痛 | -15.297(-41.576,10.982) | 0.251 | 0.446(-0.163,1.055) | 0.151 | 1.356(0.688,2.013) | <0.001 | 2.759(-10.297,35.814) | 0.275 | ||
地区效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | ||||||
R2/Pseudo R2 | 0.143 | 0.209 | 0.159 | 0.125 |
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