中国全科医学 ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (09): 1075-1079.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0733

所属专题: 高血压最新文章合集

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

≥55岁高血压患者发生轻度认知功能障碍的影响因素研究

马万瑞1, 李漫娜2, 王立群3, 王志忠1,4,*()   

  1. 1.523710 广东省东莞市,广东医科大学附属东莞第一医院老年医学科
    2.525099 广东省茂名市茂南区人民医院
    3.750004 宁夏回族自治区银川市,宁夏医科大学公共卫生与管理学院流行病与卫生统计学系
    4.523808 广东省东莞市,广东医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-17 修回日期:2022-12-12 出版日期:2023-03-20 发布日期:2022-12-29
  • 通讯作者: 王志忠

  • 作者贡献:马万瑞、王志忠进行文章的构思与设计、数据分析、文章的撰写;李漫娜、王立群负责数据的整理与核查、文献资料的收集与整理;王志忠负责文章的质量控制及审校,对整体负责。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(81860599)

Influencing Factors of Hypertension Combined with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Community Population over 55 Years

MA Wanrui1, LI Manna2, WANG Liqun3, WANG Zhizhong1,4,*()   

  1. 1. Department of Geriatrics, the First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523710, China
    2. Maonan People's Hospital, Maoming 525099, China
    3. Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
    4. Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health at Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
  • Received:2022-06-17 Revised:2022-12-12 Published:2023-03-20 Online:2022-12-29
  • Contact: WANG Zhizhong

摘要: 背景 高血压和轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)是老年人常见的健康问题,有关社区老年人群高血压合并MCI的现况及其危险因素研究报道不足。目的 了解社区高血压合并MCI的流行现况,分析其共病的影响因素。方法 于2011年9—11月采用典型抽样法在宁夏回族自治区银川市、吴忠市中选择老年人口比例相对较高的5个社区,对社区中所有年龄≥55岁的居民进行健康调查,纳入高血压患者509例,采用多因素Logistic回归分析探究高血压患者发生MCI的影响因素,以各个影响因素的回归系数为权重计算个体预测风险值,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)评估个体预测风险值对高血压患者发生MCI的预测价值。结果 依据是否合并MCI将患者分为高血压合并MCI组(n=97)和高血压未合并MCI组(n=412),两组患者年龄分布、性别、吸烟、高血压分级、抑郁评分、尿酸、白蛋白比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥75岁[OR=2.63,95%CI(1.31,5.27)]、性别[OR=0.46,95%CI(0.22,0.94)]、白蛋白[OR=0.96,95%CI(0.91,0.99)]、抑郁评分[OR=1.06,95%CI(1.01,1.10)]、高血压2级[OR=2.12,95%CI(1.16,3.89)]、高血压3级[OR=2.38,95%CI(1.22,4.66)]是高血压患者发生MCI的影响因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,个体预测风险值预测高血压患者发生MCI的ROC曲线下面积为0.72[95%CI(0.65,0.78),P<0.001],最佳截断值为0.18,灵敏度为0.69,特异度为0.63。结论 社区高血压患者中年龄≥75岁、高血压2级及以上、伴有抑郁症状者及女性患者发生MCI的风险增加,早期筛查高危人群并有效控制血压、抑郁症状对保持认知功能有一定帮助。

关键词: 高血压, 认知功能障碍, 轻度认知功能障碍, 社区参与研究, 老年人保健服务, 影响因素分析

Abstract:

Background

Hypertension and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are ordinary health problems in the elderly. The research on the status and risk factors of hypertension complicated with MCI in elderly population in the community is insufficient.

Objective

To inquire into the prevalence of hypertension combined with MCI in urban communities and analyze the possible influencing factors of its comorbidities.

Methods

Five communities with a relatively high proportion of elderly population were selected in Yinchuan City and Wuzhong City of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region by typical sampling from September to November 2011. A health survey was conducted among all community residents aged≥55 years in the communities. 509 patients with hypertension were included, and multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of hypertension patients with MCI. The regression coefficient of each influencing factor was used as the weight to calculate individual predictive risk value, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was drawn to evaluate the predictive value of individual predictive risk value for hypertensive patients with MCI.

Results

The patients were divided into hypertension with MCI group (n=97) and hypertension without MCI group (n=412) according to whether they were combined with MCI. There were statistically significant differences in age distribution, gender, smoking, hypertension grade, depression score, uric acid and albumin between the two groups (P<0.05) . Age≥75 years old〔OR=2.63, 95%CI (1.31, 5.27) 〕, gender〔OR=0.46, 95%CI (0.22, 0.94) 〕, albumin〔OR=0.96, 95%CI (0.91, 0.99) 〕, depression score〔OR=1.06, 95%CI (1.01, 1.10) 〕, hypertension grade 2〔OR=2.12, 95%CI (1.16, 3.89) 〕, hypertension grade 3〔OR=2.38, 95%CI (1.22, 4.66) 〕were the influential factors for hypertensive patients with MCI (P<0.05) . ROC curve analysis results showed that the area under ROC curve of individual predictive risk value predicting hypertensive patients with MCI was 0.72〔95%CI (0.65, 0.78) , P<0.001〕. The optimal cut-off value was 0.18, the sensitivity was 0.69, and the specificity was 0.63.

Conclusion

Community hypertension patients aged 75 years or older, with grade 2 or higher hypertension, with depressive symptoms, and female patients had an increased risk of MCI, screening programs and treatment of hypertension and depression symptoms can be helpful on maintaining cognitive function.

Key words: Hypertension, Cognitive dysfunction, Mild cognitive impairment, Community-based participatory research, Health services for the aged, Root cause analysis