关键词: 高血压, ABO血型系统, 体检, 相关性

Abstract: Background　Worldwide prevalence of hypertension is increasing gradually.In particular，China owns an ever-larger number of hypertensive patients.Most hypertension prevalence-related research studies are based on the clinical analysis，rarely involves blood groups and other genetic laws.Objective　This study provides a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of hypertension by analyzing the correlation between the prevalence of hypertension and ABO blood types.Methods　The data stemmed from the electronic health records of Jiangxi residents，involving a sample of 185 633 normal individuals undergoing health screening between 2008 and 2017，including 8 798 who were found with hypertension（hypertension group） and 176 835 without（control group）．Sex，age and blood types of both groups were comparatively analyzed.Sex- and age-specific subgroup analyses were performed to examine the associations of hypertension prevalence with ABO blood types.Results　There were significant differences in sex distribution and age distribution between the two groups（χ2=85.863，P<0.001；χ2=2 765.236，P<0.001）．Both groups also showed significant difference in ABO blood types distribution（χ2=46.102，P<0.001）．Compared with the control group，the percentages of A and B blood types were lower while the percentages of O and AB blood types were higher in hypertension group（RR=0.95，0.93，1.06，1.15，P<0.001）．Sex-specific analysis showed that blood group distribution differed significantly between hypertensive and non-hypertensive men（χ2=25.286，P<0.001），and between hypertensive and non-hypertensive women（χ2=21.271，P<0.001）．Lower percentages of A and B blood types，and higher percentages of O and AB blood types were found in hypertensive men instead of non-hypertensive men（RR=0.95，0.94，1.06，1.16，P<0.001），and were found in hypertensive women instead of non-hypertensive women（RR=0.94，0.93，1.07，1.16，P<0.001）．Age-specific analysis revealed that no significant differences were found in blood group distribution（χ2=2.502，P=0.475），and in the percentages of A，B，O and AB blood types between hypertensive and non-hypertensive adolescent subgroups（0-17 years old）．However，blood group distribution differed significantly between young（18-45 years old） hypertensive and non-hypertensive subgroups（χ2=15.733，P<0.001）．Young hypertensive subgroup showed a lower percentage of blood type B，and higher percentages of blood types O and AB（RR=0.89，1.11，1.20，P<0.05）．Blood group distribution also differed significantly between middle-aged（46-60 years old） hypertensive and non-hypertensive subgroups（χ2=15.982，P<0.001）．Middle-aged hypertensive subgroup showed higher percentages of O and AB blood types（RR=1.07，1.20，P<0.05）．A significant difference in blood group distribution was also found between elderly（> 60 years old） hypertensive and non-hypertensive subgroups（χ2=15.449，P<0.001）．Elderly hypertensive subgroup demonstrated lower percentages of A and B blood types，and higher percentages of O and AB blood types（RR=0.95，0.96，1.05，1.11，P<0.05）．Conclusion　The distribution of blood types differed significantly between hypertensive and non-hypertensive health examinees.Those with blood type O or AB may be more likely to have hypertension.

Key words: Hypertension, ABO blood-group system, Testing, Correlation