神经振荡在意识障碍诊疗中的应用展望

doi:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0742

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 意识障碍（DOC）的诊断及治疗具有挑战性，DOC的神经机制之一是神经振荡同步性及连接性的破坏。本文从神经振荡应用于DOC诊疗的理论基础、应用进展以及存在不足3个方面评述了神经振荡在DOC诊疗中的研究进展。神经振荡即神经元群在特定条件下产生的周期性、同步性的放电活动，在不同程度DOC中神经振荡的频谱特征、相位同步及对神经调控反应方面有明显差异，基于脑电图（EEG）的神经振荡分析揭示了不同意识水平下的信息传递及处理能力，从而有助于更准确地区分不同程度DOC以及通过调节神经振荡达到DOC促醒治疗的目的。尽管目前仍存在机制研究不深入、应用转化较慢等问题，但神经振荡已在DOC的诊疗中显示出了巨大的应用潜力。

关键词: 意识障碍, 神经振荡, 脑电图, 综述

Abstract:

The diagnosis and treatment of disorder of consciousness (DOC) is still challenging. One of the neural mechanisms of DOC is the destruction of synchronization and connectivity of neural oscillation. This article will review the progress of neural oscillation in the diagnosis and treatment of DOC from three aspects: theoretical basis, application progress, and existing deficiencies of neural oscillations applied to DOC. Neural oscillation is the periodic and synchronous activity of neurons under certain conditions. There are obvious differences in the spectrum characteristics, phase synchronization, and response to neural regulation of neural oscillations among different severities of DOC. The analysis of neural oscillation based on electroencephalography (EEG) reveals the information transmission and processing ability at different levels of consciousness, which is helpful to distinguish different degrees of DOC more accurately and achieve the purpose of DOC wakening treatment by regulating neuro oscillation. Despite there being some problems like insufficient mechanism studies and slow application transformation, neural oscillation has shown great application potential in the diagnosis and treatment of DOC.

Key words: Consciousness disorders, Neural oscillations, Electroencephalography, Review

中图分类号:

R 749.93

张慧敏,单大卫,张艳. 神经振荡在意识障碍诊疗中的应用展望[J]. 中国全科医学, 2024, 27(32): 4093-4096. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0742.
ZHANG Huimin,SHAN Dawei,ZHANG Yan. Perspectives on the Application of Neural Oscillations in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Consciousness Disorders[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(32): 4093-4096. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0742.

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