中国全科医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (17): 2091-2097.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0673

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

Ⅲ期胃癌D2根治术后辅助放化疗患者长期预后的影响因素:基于10年随访数据

马桂芬1,2,3, 章倩1,2, 刘娟1,2, 孙菁1,2,3,*(), 林根来1,2,*()   

  1. 1.200032 上海市,复旦大学附属中山医院放疗科
    2.200032 上海市,复旦大学附属中山医院肿瘤防治中心
    3.361000 福建省厦门市,复旦大学附属中山医院厦门分院放疗科
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-20 修回日期:2024-02-18 出版日期:2024-06-15 发布日期:2024-03-22
  • 通讯作者: 孙菁, 林根来

  • 作者贡献:
    马桂芬负责论文起草、统计分析并修改;章倩和刘娟负责患者纳入和随访,资料收集;孙菁负责患者纳入及分析及思路撰写;林根来负责论文设计和修改,并对文章负责。
  • 基金资助:
    福建省自然科学基金项目(2023J05296)

Risk Factors Analysis of Long-term Prognosis in Patients with D2 Radical Surgery for Stage Ⅲ Gastric Cancer after Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy: Based on the Data of 10-year Follow-up

MA Guifen1,2,3, ZHANG Qian1,2, LIU Juan1,2, SUN Jing1,2,3,*(), LIN Genlai1,2,*()   

  1. 1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
    2. Cancer Prevention and Control Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
    3. Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (Xiamen Branch), Xiamen 361000, China
  • Received:2023-11-20 Revised:2024-02-18 Published:2024-06-15 Online:2024-03-22
  • Contact: SUN Jing, LIN Genlai

摘要: 背景 局部进展期胃癌主要包括Ⅲ期胃癌,以综合治疗为主,患者术后复发是影响患者预后的关键因素。目的 探究Ⅲ期胃癌D2根治术后辅助放化疗患者长期预后的影响因素。方法 选取2009—2014年在复旦大学附属中山医院放疗科行D2根治术后辅助放化疗的胃癌患者为研究对象,病理结果根据国际癌症联合会(UICC)和美国肿瘤联合会(AJCC)第八版胃癌TNM分期系统进行分期,明确诊断Ⅲ期胃癌。术后所有患者在第1年每3个月随访1次,之后2年内每6个月随访1次,而后每年随访1次。随访截止日期为2021-12-15。采用Log-rank检验比较生存率的差异,采用Cox比例风险回归分析探究患者总生存时间(OS)和无病生存时间(DFS)的影响因素,列线图预测临床病理特征对预后的影响,Kaplan-Meier法比较不同pTNM分期、年龄、转移淋巴结率(LNR)、胃切除方式患者生存差异。结果 共纳入行术后辅助放疗的Ⅲ期胃癌患者135例,中位随访时间10.48年。5年内复发70例,死亡62例,5年无病生存率、总生存率分别为48.1%(65/135)、54.1%(73/135);10年内复发74例,死亡74例,10年无病生存率、总生存率均为45.2%(61/135)。Log-rank检验结果显示,不同pTNM分期、pT分期、LNR、癌结节、肿瘤位置、胃切除方式患者5年生存率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同pTNM分期、pT分期、LNR、神经浸润、胃切除方式患者10年生存率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Cox比例风险回归分析结果显示,pTNM分期(ⅢA期,OS:HR=0.40,95%CI=0.19~0.83;DFS:HR=0.40,95%CI=0.19~0.92)、LNR(>50%,OS:HR=1.74,95%CI=1.03~2.94;DFS:HR=1.73,95%CI=1.02~2.94)、胃切除方式(全胃切除术,OS:HR=2.07,95%CI=1.22~3.50;DFS:HR=2.02,95%CI=1.20~3.41)是Ⅲ期胃癌D2根治术后辅助放化疗患者OS和DFS的独立影响因素(P<0.05),年龄(≤40岁,HR=2.19,95%CI=1.06~4.53)是Ⅲ期胃癌D2根治术后辅助放化疗患者OS的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。另外,列线图表明年龄、pTNM分期、LNR、胃切除方式对Ⅲ期胃癌D2根治术后辅助放化疗患者预后有预测作用。胃癌术后患者复发情况:10例(7.4%)局部复发(放射野内吻合口和淋巴结的复发),35例(25.9%)患者出现腹、盆腔播散种植,37例(27.4%)患者出现了远处转移(包括肺、肝、骨、脑等脏器);部分患者发现了2种类型以上的复发。不同pTNM分期、年龄、LNR、胃切除方式的Ⅲ期胃癌患者术后生存曲线比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 大部分Ⅲ期胃癌D2根治术后辅助放化疗患者复发或死亡主要在5年内。pTNM分期、LNR和胃切除方式是这类患者预后的主要影响因素。

关键词: 胃肿瘤, D2切除术, 辅助放化疗, 预后, 存活率, 无病生存时间, 影响因素分析

Abstract:

Background

Locally advanced gastric cancer mainly includes stage Ⅲ gastric cancer, which is mainly treated with comprehensive therapy. Postoperative recurrence is a key factor affecting the prognosis of patients.

Objective

To explore the influencing factors of long-term prognosis in patients with stage Ⅲ gastric cancer undergoing D2 radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods

Gastric cancer patients who underwent D2 radical surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy were collected from the Department of Radiotherapy at Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University from 2009 to 2014. They were pathologically diagnosed with stage Ⅲ gastric cancer according to the International Union of Cancer (UICC) and American Cancer Federation (AJCC) 8th edition TNM staging system for gastric cancer. All postoperative patients were followed up every 3 months in the first year, every 6 months for the following 2 years, and once a year thereafter. The deadline for follow-up is December 15, 2021. Survival rates of subgroups were compared using Log-rank tests.The influencing factors of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, and the prediction of clinicopathological features were analyzed by Nomogram. Comparison of survival differences among patients with different pTNM stagings, age, metastatic lymph node radios (LNR), and gastrectomy methods using Kaplan-Meier method.

Results

A total of 135 qualified patients were included, with a median follow-up time of 10.48 years. Within 5 years, there were 70 cases of recurrence and 62 deaths. The 5-year DFS rate and OS rate were 48.1% (65/135) and 54.1% (73/135), respectively; Within 10 years, there were 74 cases of recurrence and 74 deaths. The 10-year DFS rate nd OS rate were both 45.2% (61/135). The Log-rank test results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in 5-year survival rates among patients with different pTNM stagings, pT stagings, LNRs, cancer nodules, tumor locations, and gastrectomy methods (P<0.05). The 10-year survival rates of patients with different pTNM stagings, pT stagings, LNRs, nerve infiltrations, and gastrectomy methods were compared, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The results of multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that pTNM staging (Stage ⅢA, OS: HR=0.40, 95%CI=0.19-0.83; DFS: HR=0.40, 95%CI=0.19-0.92), LNR (>50%, OS: HR=1.74, 95%CI=1.03-2.94; DFS: HR=1.73, 95%CI=1.02-2.94), and gastrectomy method (total gastrectomy, OS: HR=2.07, 95%CI=1.22-3.50; DFS: HR=2.02, 95%CI=1.20-3.41) were independent influencing factors for OS and DFS in patients with stageⅢ gastric cancer undergoing D2 radical surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy (P<0.05), while age (≤ 40 years, HR=2.19, 95%CI=1.06-4.53) was an independent influencing factor for OS. Moreover, nomogram indicated that age, pTNM staging, LNR, and gastrectomy method have good predictive effects on the prognosis. For recurrence, 10 cases (7.4%) experienced local recurrence (recurrence of anastomotic sites and lymph nodes within the radiation field), 35 cases (25.9%) experienced abdominal and pelvic dissemination of implants, and 37 cases (27.4%) experienced distant metastasis (including lung, liver, bone, brain and other organs) ; Some patients had two or more types of recurrence. The postoperative survival curves of stageⅢ gastric cancer patients with different pTNM stagings, age, LNRs, and gastrectomy methods were compared, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

Most patients with stageⅢ gastric cancer who undergo adjuvant chemoradiotherapy after D2 radical surgery experience recurrence or death within 5 years. pTNM staging, LNR, and gastrectomy method are factors that affect the prognosis of these patients.

Key words: Stomach neoplasms, D2 resection, Adjuvant chemoradiotherapies, Prognosis, Survival rate, Disease-free survival, Root cause analysis

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