非稳态负荷的评估方法及其对健康影响的研究新进展

doi:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0362

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 应激被认为是导致疾病的一个重要因素，持续的应激会使机体生理系统出现严重紊乱。非稳态负荷作为评估慢性应激下机体多个系统生理失调的综合指标，可以预示一系列健康问题的发生。本文系统、全面地综述了非稳态负荷的相关概念、评估方法以及非稳态负荷对健康的影响，揭示非稳态负荷与健康之间存在着明显相关性。然而，国内外研究中关于非稳态负荷生物标志物的选择和算法尚无统一标准，这仍是未来的研究方向。

关键词: 应激，心理学, 非稳态, 非稳态负荷, 非稳态负荷指数, 健康, 生物标志物

Abstract:

Stress is considered to be an important factor leading to diseases. Continuous stress can cause serious disorders in the physiological system of the body. Allostatic load, as a comprehensive index to assess the physiological disorders of multiple systems in the body under chronic stress, can predict a range of health problems. This paper systematically and comprehensively reviews the related concepts and assessment methods of allostatic load and its impact on health, and reveals a significant correlation between allostatic load and health. However, there is no standardized criteria for the selection and algorithm of biomarkers for allostatic load in domestic and foreign studies, which is still a future research direction.

Key words: Stress, psychological, Allostasis, Allostatic load, Allostatic load indices, Health, Biomarkers

李懿茹,李玉红. 非稳态负荷的评估方法及其对健康影响的研究新进展[J]. 中国全科医学, 2023, 26(32): 4051-4056. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0362.
LI Yiru,LI Yuhong. Progress in Methods for the Assessment of Allostatic Load and Its Impact on Health[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26(32): 4051-4056. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0362.

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类型	内容
标准A	目前可识别的最近生活事件和/或慢性应激源的存在：应激源在被全面评估时，被认定为过重或超过个人应对能力
标准B	应激源与以下3个表象的1个或多个相关，这些表象发生在应激后的6个月内：（1）至少有以下两种症状：睡眠困难，睡眠不安，晨间早醒，缺乏活力，眩晕，广泛性焦虑，易激惹性，悲伤，精神消沉（2）社会或职业功能的显著损伤（3）环境掌控能力的显著受损，如感到日常生活的不堪重负

类型	内容
标准A	目前可识别的最近生活事件和/或慢性应激源的存在：应激源在被全面评估时，被认定为过重或超过个人应对能力
标准B	应激源与以下3个表象的1个或多个相关，这些表象发生在应激后的6个月内：（1）至少有以下两种症状：睡眠困难，睡眠不安，晨间早醒，缺乏活力，眩晕，广泛性焦虑，易激惹性，悲伤，精神消沉（2）社会或职业功能的显著损伤（3）环境掌控能力的显著受损，如感到日常生活的不堪重负