中国全科医学 ›› 2020, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (30): 3775-3780.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2020.00.484

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

老年糖尿病患者低血糖恐惧感发生情况及其影响因素研究

包頔1,余杭青2,程正楠2,许洪梅1,王青龙1,邢秋玲1*   

  1. 1.300134 天津市,天津医科大学朱宪彝纪念医院 天津市内分泌研究所 卫健委激素与发育重点实验室 天津市代谢性疾病重点实验室 2.300070 天津市,天津医科大学
    *通信作者:邢秋玲,主任护师;E-mail:xingqiuling@163.com
  • 出版日期:2020-10-20 发布日期:2020-10-20
  • 基金资助:
    基金项目:天津市科技计划项目(18ZXZNSY00280):基于大数据和人工智能的糖尿病临床辅助分析与管理系统的研发和应用研究

Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Fear of Hypoglycemia in Elderly Diabetic Patients 

BAO Di1,YU Hangqing2,CHENG Zhengnan2,XU Hongmei1,WANG Qinglong1,XING Qiuling1*   

  1. 1.Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital/Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology/NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases,Tianjin 300134,China
    2.Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300070,China
    *Corresponding author:XING Qiuling,Chief superintendent nurse;E-mail:xingqiuling@163.com
  • Published:2020-10-20 Online:2020-10-20

摘要: 背景 低血糖恐惧感(FOH)是影响糖尿病患者血糖控制达标的重要因素,老年糖尿病患者由于对低血糖敏感性和反应能力降低而更易出现低血糖,但目前国内研究多侧重于老年糖尿病患者低血糖发生原因及影响因素,对FOH的研究报道较少见。目的 分析老年糖尿病患者FOH发生情况及其影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样方法,选取2019年3—9月在天津医科大学朱宪彝纪念医院就诊的老年糖尿病患者(≥60岁)720例,采用自行设计的《一般资料调查表》、中文版低血糖恐惧调查表-忧虑量表(CHFSII-WS)、Gold's法、糖尿病自我管理行为量表(SDSCA)进行问卷调查,分析其FOH、低血糖感知受损(IAH)发生情况;老年糖尿病患者发生FOH的影响因素分析采用二元Logistic回归分析(后退法)。结果 共发放问卷720份,回收有效问卷690份,问卷有效回收率为95.8%(690/720)。690例患者中有FOH者309例(44.8%),有IAH者71例(10.3%)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,低血糖类型〔无症状性:OR=5.627,95%CI(1.133,27.949),P=0.035;可疑症状性:OR=3.034,95%CI(1.245,7.394),P=0.015;症状性:OR=4.444,95%CI(1.793,11.017),P=0.001; 严 重 低 血 糖:OR=22.414,95%CI(4.099,122.554),P=0.000〕、低 血 糖 预 防 教 育〔OR=2.203,95%CI(1.386,3.502),P=0.001〕是老年糖尿病患者发生FOH的影响因素。结论 老年糖尿病患者FOH发生率较高(44.8%),而低血糖类型、低血糖预防教育是老年糖尿病患者发生FOH的影响因素,医务工作者在加强老年糖尿病患者低血糖预防教育、提高患者低血糖风险意识的同时还需注意对其心理状态和IAH进行评估,以减少低血糖及FOH的发生。

关键词: 糖尿病, 2型;老年人;低血糖症;低血糖恐惧感;低血糖感知受损;自我管理行为;横断面研究;影响因素分析

Abstract: Background Fear of hypoglycemia(FOH)is an important factor associated with reaching the glycemic control targets.Elderly diabetic patients are more prone to hypoglycemia due to decreased sensitivity and response to hypoglycemia.In China,most relevant studies have placed emphasis on the reasons and influencing factors of hypoglycemia in elderly diabetics,but few have studied FOH in this population.Objective To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of FOH in elderly diabetic patients.Methods A total of 720 elderly diabetic patients(≥60 years old)were selected from Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital from March to September 2019 by using convenient sampling.A self-designed Socio-demographic Questionnaire,the Chinese version of CHFSII-WS,Gold's method and Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities(SDSCA)were used to carry out the questionnaire survey to collect relevant information.The prevalence of FOH and impaired awareness of hypoglycemia(IAH)was analyzed,respectively.Backward binary Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of FOH.Results The survey received a response rate of 95.8%(690/720).Of the 690 respondents,309(44.8%)had FOH,and 71(10.3%)had IAH.Backward binary Logistic regression analysis results showed that,FOH was significantly correlated with previous hypoglycemic types〔asymptomatic:OR=5.627,95%CI(1.133,27.949),P=0.035;suspicious symptomatic:OR=3.304,95%CI(1.245,7.394),P=0.015;symptomatic:OR=4.444,95%CI(1.793,11.017),P=0.001;severe hypoglycemia:OR=22.414,95%CI(4.099,122.554),P=0.001〕and hypoglycemic prevention education〔OR=2.203,95%CI(1.386,3.502),P=0.001〕.Conclusion The prevalence of FOH is as high as 44.8% in elderly diabetic patients,which is associated with hypoglycemic types,hypoglycemic prevention education.In view of this,medical workers should pay more attention to the assessment of mental state and IAH during strengthening the hypoglycemia prevention education and improving the awareness of hypoglycemia risk,to reduce the incidence of hypoglycemia and FOH.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2;Aged;Hypoglycemia;Fear of hypoglycaemia;Impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia;Self-management behavior;Cross-sectional studies;Root cause analysis