中国全科医学 ›› 2020, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (19): 2462-2466.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.760

所属专题: 高血压最新文章合集

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

健康教练技术在高血压患者自我管理中的应用研究

马林1,王福利2*,李雅钗1,毕玲俐3   

  1. 1.453100河南省新乡市,新乡医学院第一附属医院心血管内科 2.453100河南省新乡市,新乡医学院第一附属医院临床培训中心 3.453100河南省新乡市,新乡医学院第一附属医院骨科 *通信作者:王福利,主任护师,硕士生导师;E-mail:1760023140@qq.com
  • 出版日期:2020-07-05 发布日期:2020-07-05

Application of health coaching in self-management of hypertensive patients

MA Lin1,WANG Fuli2*,LI Yachai1,BI Lingli3   

  1. 1.Cardiovascular Department,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang 453100,China 2.Clinical Training Center,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang 453100,China 3.Department of Orthopedics,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang 453100,China *Corresponding author:WANG Fuli,Chief superintendent nurse,Master supervisor;E-mail:1760023140@qq.com
  • Published:2020-07-05 Online:2020-07-05

摘要: 背景 高血压患者的自我管理是延缓疾病进展、降低并发症危险因素的重要方法,而我国目前的高血压患者自我管理水平较低,健康行为的转变仍缺乏持续性。健康教练技术专注于提供自我管理支持,对高血压患者自我管理水平的提升有关键作用。目的 评估健康教练技术对高血压患者自我管理的影响。方法 选取2018年1—4月在新乡市某三级甲等医院住院的高血压患者106例为研究对象。将研究对象按随机数字表法分组,试验组、对照组各53例,试验组采用以健康教练技术为基础的干预措施,对照组采用常规高血压健康教育。干预3个月后,评估两组结果指标的变化情况并进行分析。主要结果包括收缩压、舒张压、血压控制率及自我管理行为评分,次要结果包括体质量、体质指数及自我效能评分。结果 经过3个月的干预,共有104例完成结果评估,其中试验组53例、对照组51例。干预前,两组患者收缩压、舒张压、血压控制率、自我管理行为水平、自我效能得分、体质量及体质指数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后两组患者的收缩压、舒张压、血压控制率、自我效能得分均较干预前改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,试验组患者自我管理行为总分及各维度得分较干预前明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组患者自我管理行为总分较干预前增加,除生活习惯外,各维度得分较干预前改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后试验组患者收缩压、舒张压、体质量低于对照组,血压控制率、自我管理行为总分及各维度得分、自我效能得分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 健康教练技术能够改善高血压患者自我管理水平,可有效降低收缩压、舒张压,提高血压控制率。

关键词: 高血压, 健康教练技术, 健康促进, 自我健康管理

Abstract: Background Hypertensive patients' self-management is an important method to delay disease progression and reduce the risk factors of complications.However,in China,such patients have unsatisfactory self-management level and lack of continuous efforts on changing unhealthy behaviors.To improve their self-management level,health coaching,a type of technique focusing on providing self-management support,may contribute greatly.Objective To evaluate the impact of health coaching on the self-management of patients with hypertension.Methods 106 hypertensive inpatients were recruited from a grade A tertiary hospital in Xinxiang City from January to April 2018,and were equally randomized into the experimental group and control group,receiving health coaching-based interventions,routine hypertension-related health education,respectively.The primary endpoints were systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),blood pressure control rate,and self-management score〔assessed by LIU Ning's Self-management Scale (SMS)〕,and secondary endpoints were body weight,BMI,and self-efficacy score 〔assessed by Lorig's Self-efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-item Scale(SMCDS)〕 at 3 months after interventions.Results A total of 104 cases completed the results evaluation,including 53 in the experimental group and 51 in the control group.Mean SBP,DBP,blood pressure control rate,self-management level,SMCDS score,body weight and BMI were similar in both groups at baseline(P>0.05).After intervention,mean SBP,DBP,blood pressure control rate,and SMCDS score improved significantly in both groups(P<0.05).Moreover,mean scale and subscales scores of SMS improved significantly in the experimental group(P<0.05),and also in the control group(P<0.05) except the mean subscale score of life habits.The experimental group showed lower mean post-intervention SBP,DBP and body weight and higher mean blood pressure control rate,scale and subscales scores of SMS,and SMCDS score compared with the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Health coaching may improve the self-management level,effectively reduce SBP and DBP,and improve blood pressure control rate.

Key words: Hypertension, Health coaching, Health promotion, Health self-management