关键词: 高血压, 儿童, 青少年, 筛查, 指南, 全科医生

Abstract: With the prevalence of adverse lifestyle behaviors and obesity in children and adolescents，the prevalence of hypertension in children and adolescents is increasing gradually，which affects psychosomatic health in more and more children.In addition，hypertension in children and adolesents increases the development risk of hypertension and metabolic syndrome in adults.In 2017，through reviewing relevant literature，the American Academy of Pediatrics developed this practice guideline to update the 2004 Fourth Report on the Diagnosis，Evaluation，and Treatment of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents.In this guideline，new normative blood pressure（BP） tables based on normal-weight children are created，and it is recommended to measure BP beginning at 3 years of age.Some children with risks for developing hypertension should have BP measured at every health encounter，for otherwise healthy children, however, BP need only be measured annually.Children younger than 3 years should have BP measurements taken at every health check-up if they are at increased risk for developing hypertension.A simplified screening table is created for identifying BPs needing further evaluation. Recommendations on the initial evaluation and management of abnormal BPs are streamlined.In this paper，we interpreted the guideline to provide some advice on hypertension screening，diagnosis and management in Chinese children.

Key words: Hypertension, Child, Adolescent, Screening, Guideline, General practitioners