关键词: 心血管疾病, 心理干预, 心理疗法, 综合预防, 康复, 冠心病, 双心医学

Abstract: The Italian Association for Cardiovascular Prevention，Rehabilitation and Epidemiology（GICR-IACPR） published a position paper on best psychological practice in cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation（CPR） in October 2018.Based on the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence（NICE） Guidelines on psychological interventions on anxiety and depression，this position paper divides psychological practice in CPR into three steps：step one includes psychological evaluation and dynamic monitoring；step two includes low-intensity interventions，which are suitable for patients with less severe and/or the recent onset of diseases；step three includes high-intensity interventions，which are available for patients with poor outcomes in low-intensity interventions or worsening conditions over time.Psychological interventions here are divided into two levels according to NICE model.The low-intensity interventions include counseling，psycho-education，self-care，self-management，telemedicine，and self-help.The high-intensity interventions include individual，couples，and/or family and group psychotherapy，such as stress management.This position paper is a summary of a large number of latest literature and guidelines with strong operability.Compared with the psychological prescriptions in the current cardiovascular rehabilitation practice in China，this position paper is more comprehensive and detailed.Therefore，it can provide a normative reference for the psychological staff engaged in CPR in China.

Key words: Cardiovascular diseases, Psychological intervention, Psychotherapy, Universal preautions, Rehabilitation, Coronary disease, Psychology-cardiology medicine