关键词: 糖尿病, 妊娠, 血糖负荷, 营养疗法

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the effect of quantitative control of glycemic load（GL） of staple foods on patients with gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM）.Methods　 We enrolled 78 cases of GDM receiving treatment in the Nutrition Clinic，Guangzhou First People'e Hospital during March 2016 to June 2017 and randomly divided them into the control group and experimental group.Both groups received the conventional nutrition therapy，the experimental group additionally received instructions about quantitative control of GL of staple foods.The interventions for both groups lasted for 4 weeks.Daily energy intake，percentage of energy supply of 3 major nutrients（protein，fat，carbohydrate），total GL，GL of per unit of energy intake，fast blood glucose（FBG），2 h postprandial blood glucose（2 hPG），weight growth rate and diabetes-related knowledge scores in two groups were compared before and after dietary treatment.Results　 Except 10 （6 in the experimental group and 4 in the control group ） failed to complete the treatment，the other cases were included in the final analysis.（1）There was no significant difference in daily energy intake，percentage of energy supply from protein，fat or carbohydrate between two groups before and after dietary treatment（P>0.05）.（2） Before treatment，there were no significant differences in total GL，GL of per unit of energy intake，FBG and 2 hPG between two groups，but after treatment，except FBG was still similar in both groups（P>0.05），the other 3 parameters decreased significantly in the experimental group（P<0.05）.（3） Two groups demonstrated no differences in weight growth rate and scores in diabetes-related knowledge before intervention（P>0.05），but after intervention，although the scores in diabetes-related knowledge were similar in both groups（P>0.05），the weight growth rate was lower in the experimental group（P<0.05）.Conclusion　Dietary intervention with quantitative control of GL of staple foods helps GDM patients reduce total GL，GL of per unit of energy intake 2 hPG effectively and weight growth rate.

Key words: Diabetes, gestational；Glycemic load；Nutrition therapy