中国全科医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (01): 1-8.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0468

所属专题: 全科医生最新文章合集

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人才发展机制视角下我国基层全科医生岗位吸引力困境研究

武宁1, 党媛2, 曾程3, 史穆然1, 李宗友1,*(), 王小源4, 常鸿飞5   

  1. 1100600 北京市,国家中医药管理局监测统计中心
    2100191 北京市,北京大学公共卫生学院
    3330004 江西省南昌市,江西中医药大学经济与管理学院
    4100069 北京市,首都医科大学公共卫生学院
    5102202 北京市,北京化工大学宏德书院
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-01 修回日期:2023-08-03 出版日期:2024-01-05 发布日期:2023-10-23
  • 通讯作者: 李宗友
  • 武宁和党媛为共同第一作者

    作者贡献:武宁提出研究思路,设计研究方案,全程参与研究,对论文负责;党媛参与研究,撰写研究论文,负责最终版本修订;曾程参与研究,负责论文起草;史穆然负责核实数据;王小源负责图片的编辑、整理;常鸿飞负责研究资料的收集与整理;李宗友对研究思路提出建议,修改、完善研究方案,对文章进行修改、完善。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金教育学重大(重点)项目(AIA210011)

The Position Attractiveness Dilemma of Primary General Practitioners in China from the Perspective of Talent Development Mechanism

WU Ning1, DANG Yuan2, ZENG Cheng3, SHI Muran1, LI Zongyou1,*(), WANG Xiaoyuan4, CHANG Hongfei5   

  1. 1Monitoring and Statistical Research Center, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100600, China
    2School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
    3School of Economics and Management, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi 330004, China
    4School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
    5Hongde Academy, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 102202, China
  • Received:2023-08-01 Revised:2023-08-03 Published:2024-01-05 Online:2023-10-23
  • Contact: LI Zongyou
  • About author:
    WU Ning and DANG Yuan are co-first authors

摘要: 全科医生是患者健康的"守门人"。截至2021年,我国84.4%的全科医生在基层工作,全科医生占到基层医生数量的22.7%,全科医生队伍的数量与质量关系着基层医疗卫生服务的水平。近年来中央和各级政府高度重视全科医生队伍建设工作,并相继出台了许多支持政策,然而当下我国全科医生数量仅占全国执业(助理)医师的10.1%,全科医生岗位吸引力不足已成为制约全科医生队伍发展壮大的主要原因。本文立足人才本身,构建了以人才发展机制为导向的"基层全科医生—岗位吸引力"模型,以深度剖析基层全科医生在认识、教育、招聘、使用、激励、评价、发展、支持8个方面存在的困境,探讨解决对策,以期为提升基层全科医生岗位吸引力,稳定全科医生人才队伍,提高基层医疗服务质量提供依据。

关键词: 全科医生, 岗位吸引力, 基层卫生, 卫生人才, 发展机制

Abstract:

General practitioners (GPs) are the"gatekeepers"of residents' health. In China, Up to 2021, 84.4% of GPs account for 22.7% of the total primary physicians. The quantity and quality of the GP workforce are related to the level of primary care services. In recent years, the central government and governments at all levels have attached great importance to the construction of the GP workforce and successively introduced many supportive policies. However, the number of GPs in China currently only accounts for 10.1% of practicing (assistant) physicians, and the lack of position attractiveness of GPs has become the main reason restricting the development and growth of the GP workforce. Based on the talent itself, this paper constructs a talent development mechanism-oriented model of "primary general practitioner-position attractiveness" to deeply analyze the dilemmas of GPs in seven aspects of education, recruitment, application, motivation, evaluation, development and support, explore countermeasures to solve the problems, in order to provide a scientific basis for enhancing the position attractiveness of GPs, stabilizing the talent team of GPs, and improving the quality and level of primary care services.

Key words: General practitioners, Job attractiveness, Primary health, Health talent, Development mechanism