中国全科医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (01): 45-50.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0383

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国≥65岁老年人牙齿缺失与听力损伤的关联研究

王睿捷1, 李宏宇2,*(), 施红3   

  1. 1100081 北京市,北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院第一门诊部,国家口腔医学中心,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,口腔生物材料和数字诊疗装备国家工程研究中心
    2100730 北京市,北京医院 国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心办公室 国家老年医学中心 中国医学科学院老年医学研究院
    3100730 北京市,北京医院老年医学科 国家老年医学中心 中国医学科学院老年医学研究院
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-12 修回日期:2023-08-17 出版日期:2024-01-05 发布日期:2023-10-23
  • 通讯作者: 李宏宇

  • 作者贡献:王睿捷提出主要研究目标,负责文献/资料的收集,撰写论文;王睿捷、李宏宇进行数据的收集与整理、统计学处理,负责表格的绘制与展示;施红进行论文的修订,为研究提供资源和监督指导;李宏宇负责文章的质量控制与审查,对文章整体负责,监督管理。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划"政府间国际科技创新合作"重点专项(2021YFE0111800)

Association of Tooth Loss with Hearing Impairment in Chinese Older Adults Aged 65 Years and Above

WANG Ruijie1,2, LI Hongyu2,*(), SHI Hong3   

  1. 1First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Device, Beijing 100081, China
    2Beijing Hospital/Office for National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, National Center of Gerontology/Institute of Geriatric Medicine/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
    3Department of Geriatric, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology/Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
  • Received:2023-07-12 Revised:2023-08-17 Published:2024-01-05 Online:2023-10-23
  • Contact: LI Hongyu

摘要: 背景 听力损伤和牙齿脱落在老年人群中较为常见且严重危害老年人身心健康,但目前针对老年人牙齿缺失、义齿使用与听力损伤关系的人群研究有限。 目的 探讨我国≥65岁老年人牙齿缺失与听力损伤之间的关联。 方法 于2023年1月,在中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(CLHLS)2018年数据中选取符合要求的≥65岁老年人15 161名为研究对象。以听力损伤情况为结局变量,以口腔牙齿数量为解释变量,以社会人口学、生活方式、健康状况信息为协变量,采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨牙齿数量对听力损失的影响,并进一步对不同年龄、性别、日常生活活动能力、义齿使用情况老年人进行分层分析。 结果 15 161名研究对象中,牙齿数量为≥20、10~19、1~9、0颗的老年人分别有3 655名(24.11%)、2 355名(15.53%)、4 008名(26.44%)、5 143名(33.92%),听力损伤者有6 148名(40.55%)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,在调整了相关混杂因素后,与牙齿数量≥20颗者相比,牙齿数量为10~19、1~9、0颗者容易发生听力损伤,OR(95%CI)分别为1.31(1.08~1.58)、1.57(1.32~1.86)、1.97(1.65~2.36)。分层分析结果显示,牙齿数量与听力损伤之间的关联在≥80岁和未使用义齿的老年人中更为显著(P<0.05)。 结论 老年人牙齿缺失可增加听力损伤的发生风险,高龄和未使用义齿的老年人发生听力损伤的风险更高。

关键词: 听力损伤, 牙齿缺失, 老年人, 义齿使用, 横断面研究, Logistic模型

Abstract:

Background

Hearing impairment and tooth loss are common among the elderly and seriously endanger their physical and mental health. However, there are limited studies on the correlation of tooth loss, denture use with hearing impairment in the elderly.

Objective

To explore the correlation of tooth loss with hearing impairment among Chinese older adults aged 65 years and above.

Methods

In January 2023, 15 161 eligible older adults aged 65 years and above were selected as the study subjects in the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). With hearing impairment as the outcome variable, the number of natural teeth as the explanatory variable, sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health status information as covariates, multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the effect of tooth loss on hearing impairment, and subgroup analyses of age, gender, activities of daily living abilities and denture use were conducted.

Results

Among the 15 161 subjects, 3 655 (24.11%), 2 355 (15.53%), 4 008 (26.44%) and 5 143 (33.92%) older adults were with teeth number of≥20, 10-19, 1-9 and 0, respectively, and 6 148 (40.55%) had hearing impairment. The results of the multivariate Logistic regression model after adjusting for confounders showed that compared to those with teeth number≥20, older adults with teeth number of 10-19, 1-9 and 0 had higher risk of hearing impairment, with an OR (95%CI) of 1.31 (1.08-1.58), 1.57 (1.32-1.86) and 1.97 (1.65-2.36), respectively. The results of the stratified analysis showed that the association between teeth number and hearing impairment was more significant in older adults aged ≥80 years and those without denture use (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

Tooth loss was associated with increased risk of hearing impairment in Chinese older adults, and those who were older and do not use dentures are at higher risk for hearing impairment.

Key words: Hearing loss, Tooth loss, Aged, Denture use, Cross-sectional studies, Logistic models