中国全科医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (25): 3119-3126.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0455

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

医联体内老年慢性病管理内容的匹配分析:基于"指南-实践-需求"视角

燕芳红1,2, 彭国恬1, 张国莉1, 孙瑞仪1, 马玉霞1,2, 韩琳1,2,3,*()   

  1. 1.730000 甘肃省兰州市,兰州大学循证护理中心 兰州大学护理学院
    2.730000 甘肃省兰州市,兰州大学第一临床医学院
    3.730000 甘肃省兰州市,甘肃省人民医院护理部
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-27 修回日期:2024-12-02 出版日期:2025-09-05 发布日期:2025-07-24
  • 通讯作者: 韩琳

  • 作者贡献:

    燕芳红负责文章的构思与设计、质量控制、论文撰写;彭国恬、孙瑞仪负责资料收集与整理;张国莉负责表格的编辑与整理;马玉霞负责论文修订、质量控制及审校;韩琳对文章整体负责。

  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金资助项目(20CGL053)

Matching Analysis of the Content of Chronic Disease Management for the Elderly in Medical Union: Based on the Perspective of "Guidance-Practice-Need"

YAN Fanghong1,2, PENG Guotian1, ZHANG Guoli1, SUN Ruiyi1, MA Yuxia1,2, HAN Lin1,2,3,*()   

  1. 1. Evidence-based Nursing Center/School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
    2. The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
    3. Nursing Department, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2024-07-27 Revised:2024-12-02 Published:2025-09-05 Online:2025-07-24
  • Contact: HAN Lin

摘要: 背景 慢性病管理是老龄化社会的重大挑战,医联体是当前我国解决老年慢性病问题的有力抓手。目前,已有研究分别汇总了老年慢性病患者的需求及医联体管理实践现状,政府部门组织相关机构与专家也制定了相应指南和技术方案。然而,从疾病管理的角度来看,指南推荐证据、实践现状、患者需求3个视角中具体管理内容的匹配现状如何有待进一步研究。 目的 明确医联体内老年慢性病管理内容的证据资源,从"指南-实践-需求"3个视角分析服务资源与服务需求之间的匹配现状。 方法 基于Arksey and O'Malley范围综述框架,于2023年1月—2024年4 月围绕"两病"(高血压、糖尿病)管理开展分析,系统检索发表的医联体内老年慢性病管理的相关文献,指南或技术方案检索时间为建库至2022年12月,其他类型文献检索时间为2018年1月—2022年12月。经去重、筛选后提取资料,采用描述性方式和内容分析法汇总管理内容及责任机构,对比服务资源与服务需求之间的匹配程度。 结果 共纳入来自14个省市地区的35篇文献,涵盖12类39项管理内容,以城市地区为主要研究现场,约80%地区相关文献从单一视角探索。纳入9篇指南和技术方案的文献阐述了6类19项管理内容,21篇实践现状的文献介绍了9类24项管理内容,6篇文献分析了12类32项患者需求,3个视角下管理内容差别较大,且指南和实践两个视角下各主体的责体有所区别。 结论 管理内容的供需匹配结果提示未来研究可探索以需求为导向的医联体内慢性病管理自主服务资源的高效利用路径,而各管理内容的责任机构匹配结果提示未来研究应在夯实双向转诊通道的基础上,探究如何优化基层医疗卫生机构资源配置,并确定患者及家庭参与慢性病管理的责任。

关键词: 老年人, 慢性病管理, 医联体, 匹配分析

Abstract:

Background

Chronic disease management is a major challenge in an aging society, and medical union is a powerful way to solve the problem of chronic diseases in the elderly in China. At present, existing studies have summarized the management practice of medical union and the needs of elderly patients with chronic diseases, and relevant institutions and experts organized by government departments have also formulated corresponding guidelines and technical scheme. However, from the perspective of disease management, the matching status of specific management content from the three perspectives of guideline recommendation evidence, practice status and patient needs should be further studied.

Objective

To clarify the evidence resources of elderly chronic disease management in the medical alliance and analyze the matching status between service resources and service needs from the perspectives of "Guidance-Practice-Need".

Methods

Framed by the Arksey and O'Malley scoping review framework, an analysis was conducted on the management of two diseases (hypertension and diabetes) from Jonuary 2023 to April 2024. The relevant guidelines or technical schemes from inception to December 2020 and other types of literature from August 2011 to December 2020 on the management of elderly chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes) in the medical alliance was systematically retrieved. After removing duplicate and screening, the data were extracted, and the management content and responsible organizations were summarized by descriptive method and content analysis method, and the matching status between service resources and service demands was compared with the presentation of tables, graphs and summary paragraphs.

Results

A total of 35 articles from 14 provinces and regions were included, covering 39 items of management content in 12 categories. Nine guidelines and technical plans literatures were included to describe 19 items of management content in 6 categories, 21 literatures on practice status introduced 24 items of management content in 9 categories, and another 6 literatures analyzed 32 items of patient needs in 12 categories. There were great differences in management content under the 3 perspectives, and the main responsible organizations of the two perspectives of guidance and practice were different.

Conclusion

The matching results of supply and demand of management content suggest that future research can explore the efficient utilization path of independent service resources of chronic disease management in demand-oriented medical alliances, while the matching results of responsible institutions of specific management content suggest that future research should explore how to optimize the resource allocation of primary medical institutions on the basis of strengthening the two-way referral channel, and determine the responsibility of patients and families to participate in chronic disease management.

Key words: The elderly, Chronic disease management, Medical union, Matching analysis

中图分类号: