中国全科医学 ›› 2024, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (25): 3136-3142.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0225

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

屏幕暴露与学龄前孤独症谱系障碍儿童情绪行为问题相关性研究

段桂琴*(), 葛林铃, 尹嘉宝, 赵明方, 聂文毫   

  1. 450052 河南郑州市,郑州大学第三附属医院儿童发育行为科
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-20 修回日期:2023-12-07 出版日期:2024-09-05 发布日期:2024-06-14
  • 通讯作者: 段桂琴

  • 作者贡献:

    段桂琴提出主要研究目标,负责研究的构思与实施,对文章进行质控与审查;葛林铃进行数据的收集与整理,统计学处理,论文撰写;尹嘉宝负责表的绘制与展示;赵明方、聂文毫进行论文的修订。

Association between Screen Exposure and Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

DUAN Guiqin*(), GE Linling, YIN Jiabao, ZHAO Mingfang, NIE Wenhao   

  1. Department of Pediatric Development and Behavior, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
  • Received:2023-06-20 Revised:2023-12-07 Published:2024-09-05 Online:2024-06-14
  • Contact: DUAN Guiqin

摘要: 背景 既往已有多项研究证实屏幕暴露现象在学龄前儿童中普遍存在,并且与儿童情绪行为问题相关,现有研究多集中在正常学龄前儿童,有关屏幕暴露与学龄前孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童情绪行为问题相关的研究较为罕见。 目的 调查学龄前ASD儿童屏幕暴露情况及情绪行为问题异常检出情况,探究屏幕暴露与学龄前ASD儿童情绪行为问题有无相关。 方法 选择2022年2—8月在郑州大学第三附属医院儿童发育行为科就诊的符合《精神障碍诊断和统计手册》(DSM-V)孤独症诊断标准的ASD学龄前儿童为ASD组,同期选取郑州市某幼儿园正常发育儿童为对照组。由两组儿童主要照护人进行填写屏幕暴露问卷及长处与困难问卷(家长版)。 结果 两组儿童屏幕接触时间、家长对屏幕管理、"屏幕剥夺"反应比较,差异无统计学意义(P<0.001);ASD组儿童亲社会行为、困难总分及各个分维度(情绪症状、品行问题、多动/注意缺陷问题、同伴交往问题)异常检出率均高于对照组(P<0.001);Logistic回归分析发现电子设备放置在睡觉或玩耍空间、观看时照护人是否互动讲解、照护人对孩子观看电子屏幕态度、接触电子屏幕是主动要求还是被动参与、强制关掉电子屏幕孩子反应是学龄前ASD儿童情绪行为问题的影响因素(P<0.05)。 结论 屏幕暴露可能对ASD儿童情绪行为问题产生影响,家长应合理管理学龄前ASD儿童屏幕使用。

关键词: 孤独症, 屏幕暴露, 情绪行为问题, 学龄前儿童, 影响因素

Abstract:

Background

Previous studies have confirmed that screen exposure is widespread in preschool children and is related to children's emotional and behavioral problems. Most of the existing studies focus on normal preschool children, but the research on screen exposure and emotional and behavioral problems of preschool autistic children is relatively rare.

Objective

To investigate the screen exposure and the abnormal detection of emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children with autism, and to explore the association between screen exposure and emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children with autism.

Methods

Preschool children with autism who met the diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) autism diagnostic criteria and visited the Department of Child Development and Behavior of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from February to August 2022 were selected as the autism group. At the same time, children with normal development in kindergartners in Zhengzhou were selected as the normal control group. The screen exposure questionnaire and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (parent version) were completed by the main caregivers of the children in the two groups.

Results

There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of screen time, parents' response to screen management, and screen deprivation (P<0.001). Compared with the normal control group, the children in the autism group had significantly higher detection rates of prosocial behavior, total difficulties, and sub-dimensions (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention problems, and peer problems) (P<0.001). Logistic regression showed that the influencing factors of emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children included placing electronic devices in the sleeping or playing space, whether caregivers interacted with each other during watching, caregivers' attitudes toward children's electronic screen watching, whether they were active or passive participants in touching electronic screens, and children's reactions to forced turning off electronic screens (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

Screen exposure can affect the emotional and behavioral problems of preschool children with autism. Parents should rationally plan screen use for preschool children with autism.

Key words: Autism spectrum disorders, Screen exposure, Emotional and behavioral problems, Preschool children, Influence factor

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