中国全科医学 ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (11): 1389-1397.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0675

• 医学循证 • 上一篇    下一篇

非侵入性脑刺激对孤独症谱系障碍治疗效果的系统评价及网状Meta分析

李玲玲1, 黄海量1,*(), 于莹2, 贾雨琦1, 刘志遥1, 石鑫1, 王方琪1, 刘鑫玥3   

  1. 1.250355 山东省济南市,山东中医药大学康复医学院
    2.250355 山东省济南市,山东中医药大学中医药创新研究院
    3.050010 河北省石家庄市,河北师范大学体育学院
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-02 修回日期:2022-11-27 出版日期:2023-04-15 发布日期:2022-12-29
  • 通讯作者: 黄海量
  • PROSPERO注册号:CRD42021283409 李玲玲,黄海量,于莹,等.非侵入性脑刺激对孤独症谱系障碍治疗效果的系统评价及网状Meta分析[J].中国全科医学,2023,26(11):1389-1397. [www.chinagp.net]

    作者贡献:李玲玲负责文章的构思与设计,并撰写论文;黄海量负责文章的质量控制及审校,对文章整体负责;于莹、刘鑫玥负责论文的修订;贾雨琦、刘志遥负责相关文献筛选与提取;石鑫、王方琪进行数据处理。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省高等学校科研发展计划项目(J18KB130); 山东省名老中医药专家刘昭纯传承工作室建设项目(鲁卫中发展字〔2018〕1号); 山东省中医药科技发展计划项目(2017-018); 山东省重点研发计划(2016CYJS08A01-6); 山东中医药大学首批科研创新优秀团队项目(220316)

Effect of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation on Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis

LI Lingling1, HUANG Hailiang1,*(), YU Ying2, JIA Yuqi1, LIU Zhiyao1, SHI Xin1, WANG Fangqi1, LIU Xinyue3   

  1. 1. College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan 250355, China
    2. Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan 250355, China
    3. College of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050010, China
  • Received:2022-03-02 Revised:2022-11-27 Published:2023-04-15 Online:2022-12-29
  • Contact: HUANG Hailiang
  • About author:
    LI L L, HUANG H L, YU Y, et al. Effect of non-invasive brain stimulation on autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analysis [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26 (11): 1389-1397.

摘要: 背景 既往研究表明,非侵入性脑刺激(NIBS)改善孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)的疗效不一,且缺乏不同NIBS的疗效比较。 目的 系统评价NIBS对ASD的康复疗效,并比较两种NIBS的疗效差异。 方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Scopus、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网和中国生物医学文献数据库,搜集NIBS改善ASD的随机对照试验(RCT),试验组在对照组的基础上增加NIBS〔包括经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)和重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)〕。检索时间为建库至2021年12月。由2名研究员独立筛选文献和提取数据资料,并采用Cochrane系统评价手册5.1.0对纳入研究进行偏倚风险评估。采用RevMan 5.3和R 4.0.2软件进行统计分析。 结果 最终纳入22篇文献,661例患者。Meta分析结果表明,NIBS可降低ASD患者孤独症行为检查量表(ABC)评分〔MD=-8.80,95%CI(-10.98,-6.62),P<0.05〕、儿童孤独症评定量表(CARS)评分〔MD=-2.93,95%CI(-3.63,-2.24),P<0.05〕、自闭症治疗评估表(ATEC)评分〔MD=-9.13,95%CI(-12.79,-5.47),P<0.05〕、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分〔MD=-7.20,95%CI(-10.55,-3.85),P<0.05〕、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分〔MD=-8.89,95%CI(-13.21,-4.57),P<0.05〕和失匹配负波潜伏期〔MD=-5.97,95%CI(-9.42,-2.53),P<0.05〕,提高ASD患者发育商(DQ)评分〔MD=5.22,95%CI(3.41,7.04),P<0.05〕和失匹配负波幅值〔MD=1.54,95%CI(0.57,2.51),P<0.05〕。网状Meta分析结果表明,两种NIBS对ASD患者ABC评分影响的最佳概率排序:tDCS (P=0.931)>rTMS (P=0.069)。发表偏倚显示倒漏斗图无明显不对称,但不排除存在发表偏倚的可能性。 结论 本研究结果表明,NIBS能在一定程度上改善ASD,且tDCS优于rTMS。

关键词: 孤独症谱系障碍, 非侵入性脑刺激, 经颅直流电刺激, 经颅磁刺激, 随机对照试验, 系统评价, 网状Meta分析

Abstract:

Background

Previous studies have shown various improvement effects of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) on autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and there is a lack of comparison of the efficacy of different types of NIBS.

Objective

To systematically evaluate the effect of NIBS on ASD, and to compare the curative effects of two types of NIBS.

Methods

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the effect of NIBS on ASD〔both experimental and control groups received conventional treatments, and the experimental group additionally received transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) or repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) 〕 were retrieved from databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data, CQVIP, and SinoMed from inception to December 2021. Two researchers independently implemented literature screening and data extraction, and used the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (version 5.1.0) to assess the risk of bias of the included studies. The statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 and R 4.0.2.

Results

Ultimately, 22 studies involving 661 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that NIBS could reduce Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) score 〔MD=-8.80, 95%CI (-10.98, -6.62), P<0.05〕, Childhood Autism Rating Scale score〔MD=-2.93, 95%CI (-3.63, -2.24), P<0.05〕, Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist score〔MD=-9.13, 95%CI (-12.79, -5.47), P<0.05〕, Self-rating Anxiety Scale score〔MD=-7.20, 95%CI (-10.55, -3.85), P<0.05〕, Self-rating Depression Scale score〔MD=-8.89, 95%CI (-13.21, -4.57), P<0.05〕 and mismatch negativity latency period 〔MD=-5.97, 95%CI (-9.42, -2.53), P<0.05〕, and increase development quotient score 〔MD=5.22, 95%CI (3.41, 7.04), P<0.05〕 and mismatch negativity amplitude〔MD=1.54, 95%CI (0.57, 2.51), P<0.05〕. No obvious asymmetry was detected in the inverted funnel plot measuring publication bias, but could not exclude the potential for publication bias. Network meta-analysis showed that the best probabilistic ranking of the effects of two different NIBS on the ABC score is tDCS (P=0.931) >rTMS (P=0.069) .

Conclusion

Existing evidence shows that NIBS can improve ASD, and the effect of tDCS is better than that of rTMS.

Key words: Autism spectrum disorder, Non-invasive brain stimulation, Transcranial direct current stimulation, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Randomized controlled trial, Systematic review, Network meta-analysis