中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (30): 3789-3795.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0294

• 论著·重点人群健康问题研究·HIV/AIDS • 上一篇    下一篇

HIV/AIDS患者二线抗病毒治疗后发生免疫重建不良及影响因素研究

王东利1, 艾艳珂2, 袁君3, 马秀霞3, 郭会军3, 许前磊1,3, 金艳涛3,*()   

  1. 1.450046 河南省郑州市,河南中医药大学第一临床医学院
    2.100700 北京市,中国中医科学研究院中医临床基础医学研究所
    3.450000 河南省郑州市,河南中医药大学第一附属医院艾滋病临床研究中心
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-06 修回日期:2022-06-17 出版日期:2022-10-20 发布日期:2022-07-14
  • 通讯作者: 金艳涛
  • 王东利,艾艳珂,袁君,等. HIV/AIDS患者二线抗病毒治疗后发生免疫重建不良及影响因素研究[J].中国全科医学,2022,25(30):3789-3795. [www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:金艳涛负责文章的构思、研究的设计、实施与可行性分析,对论文整体负责、监督管理;袁君、马秀霞进行数据收集与整理;王东利、艾艳珂、金艳涛进行统计学处理、论文撰写;郭会军、许前磊对结果进行分析与解释,负责文章的质量控制。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(81803953); 河南省科技攻关计划项目(172102310199); 河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(2017ZY2016,2018JDZX030); 河南省特色骨干学科中医学学科建设项目(STG-ZYX06-202147)

Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Immunological Non-response in HIV/AIDS Patients with Second-line Antiretroviral Therapy

Dongli WANG1, Yanke AI2, Jun YUAN3, Xiuxia MA3, Huijun GUO3, Qianlei XU1,3, Yantao JIN3,*()   

  1. 1. The First Clinical Medical School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
    2. Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
    3. AIDS Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
  • Received:2022-06-06 Revised:2022-06-17 Published:2022-10-20 Online:2022-07-14
  • Contact: Yantao JIN
  • About author:
    WANG D L, AI Y K, YUAN J, et al. Prevalence and influencing factors of immunological non-response in HIV/AIDS patients with second-line antiretroviral therapy[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25 (30) : 3789-3795

摘要: 背景 以洛匹那韦/利托那韦(LPV/r)为基础的HIV/AIDS二线抗病毒治疗方案在我国已实施10余年,但有关HIV/AIDS患者接受二线抗病毒治疗后免疫重建不良(INR)的研究较少。 目的 了解HIV/AIDS患者更换二线抗病毒治疗方案进行治疗后INR的发生率,探究发生INR的影响因素。 方法 以艾滋病综合防治数据信息系统和中医药治疗艾滋病数据库为数据来源,选取2009年1月至2015年12月更换为二线抗病毒治疗方案且CD4+ T淋巴细胞计数<200个/μl的HIV/AIDS患者3 016例,收集患者的一般资料及二线抗病毒治疗后3年内的随访资料,根据随访数据计算HIV/AIDS患者INR发生率,采用多因素Logistic回归分析探究INR的影响因素。 结果 HIV/AIDS患者二线抗病毒治疗后满1、2、3年INR发生率分别为42.34%(774/1 828)、32.31%(608/1 882)和24.11%(421/1 746)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,性别〔女:OR=0.60,95%CI(0.49,0.73)〕、基线CD4+ T淋巴细胞计数〔<50个/μl:OR=3.42,95%CI(2.51,4.69);50~100个/μl:OR=3.26,95%CI(2.50,4.27);101~150个/μl:OR=1.51,95%CI(1.19,1.92)〕是HIV/AIDS患者二线抗病毒治疗后第1年发生INR的影响因素(P<0.05);性别〔女:OR=0.70,95%CI(0.57,0.86)〕、年龄〔40~50岁:OR=1.37,95%CI(1.05,1.80);>50岁:OR=1.81,95%CI(1.36,2.42)〕、感染途径〔血液:OR=1.40,95%CI(1.06,1.85)〕、HIV阳性时间〔3~6年:OR=1.48,95%CI(1.02,2.13)〕、HAART治疗时间〔3~5年:OR=0.66,95%CI(0.48,0.90);>5年:OR=0.71,95%CI(0.53,0.95)〕、基线CD4+ T淋巴细胞计数〔<50个/μl:OR=2.54,95%CI(1.84,3.49);50~100个/μl:OR=2.49,95%CI(1.90,3.27);101~150个/μl:OR=1.59,95%CI(1.23,2.05)〕是HIV/AIDS患者二线抗病毒治疗后第2年发生INR的影响因素(P<0.05);年龄〔>50岁:OR=1.8,95%CI(1.31,2.49)〕、感染途径〔血液:OR=1.45,95%CI(1.07,2.00)〕、基线CD4+ T淋巴细胞计数〔<50个/μl:OR=2.07,95%CI(1.52,2.82);50~100个/μl:OR=2.14,95%CI(1.57,2.92);101~150个/μl:OR=1.49,95%CI(1.12,1.98)〕是HIV/AIDS患者二线抗病毒治疗后第3年发生INR的影响因素(P<0.05)。 结论 HIV/AIDS患者二线抗病毒治疗后满1、2、3年INR发生率分别为42.34%、32.31%和24.11%。性别、年龄、基线CD4+ T淋巴细胞计数、经血液传播途径感染HIV是INR发生的影响因素,实际工作中要特别关注男性、年龄>50岁及基线CD4+ T淋巴细胞计数≤150个/μl的HIV/AIDS患者的免疫力状况。

关键词: 艾滋病, 洛匹那韦/利托那韦, 二线抗病毒治疗, 免疫重建不良, 发生率, 影响因素分析

Abstract:

Background

The lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) -based second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been used for treating HIV/AIDS patients in China for more than 10 years, but post-therapy immunological non-response (INR) in these patients has been rarely studied.

Objective

To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of post-therapy INR in HIV/AIDS patients switching from first- to second-line ART.

Methods

Data (including general information and three-year follow-up information after switching to second-line ART) were collected from the Database of TCM Treatment for AIDS and AIDS Prevention and Control Information System, involving 3 016 HIV/AIDS patients (baseline CD4+ T cell count<200 cells/μl) who switched to second-line ART during January 2009 to December 2015. The prevalence of INR was estimated using the follow-up information. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the influencing factors of INR.

Results

The prevalence of INR in the patients after switching to second-line ART during the first, second and third years of follow-up was 42.34% (774/1 828) , 32.31% (608/1 882) , and 24.11% (421/1 746) , respectively. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender〔female: OR=0.60, 95%CI (0.49, 0.73) 〕 and the baseline CD4+ T cells count〔<50 cells/μl: OR=3.42, 95%CI (2.51, 4.69) ; 50-100 cells/μl: OR=3.26, 95%CI (2.50, 4.27) ; 101-150 cells/μl: OR=1.51, 95%CI (1.19, 1.92) 〕were associated with the prevalence of INR in the first year of follow-up (P<0.05) ; gender〔female: OR=0.70, 95%CI (0.57, 0.86) 〕, age〔40-50 year: OR=1.37, 95%CI (1.05, 1.80) ; >50 year : OR=1.81, 95%CI (1.36, 2.42) 〕, route of infection〔blood: OR=1.40, 95%CI (1.06, 1.85) 〕, duration of HIV positive〔3-6 years: OR=1.48, 95%CI (1.02, 2.13) 〕, duration of HAART therapy before switch to second-line ART〔3-5 year: OR=0.66, 95%CI (0.48, 0.90) ; >5 year: OR=0.71, 95%CI (0.53, 0.95) 〕and baseline CD4+ T cells count〔<50 cells/μl: OR=2.54, 95%CI (1.84, 3.49) ; 50-100 cells/μl: OR=2.49, 95%CI (1.90, 3.27) ; 101-150 cells/μl: OR=1.59, 95%CI (1.23, 2.05) 〕were associated with the prevalence of INR in the second year of follow-up (P<0.05) ; age〔>50 year: OR=1.8, 95%CI (1.31, 2.49) 〕, route of infection〔blood: OR=1.45, 95%CI (1.07, 2.00) 〕, baseline CD4+ T cell count〔<50 cells/μl: OR=2.07, 95%CI (1.52, 2.82) ; 50-100 cells/μl: OR=2.14, 95%CI (1.57, 2.92) ; 101-150 cells/μl: OR=1.49, 95%CI (1.12, 1.98) 〕 were associated with the prevalence of INR in the third year of follow-up (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

The prevalence of INR in the HIV/AIDS patients after switching to second-line ART during the first, second and third years of follow-up was 42.34%, 32.31%, and 24.11%, respectively. Gender, age, baseline CD4+ T cell counts, infected with HIV via contaminated blood or blood products were the influencing factors of immunological non-response. In addition, immune status is suggested to be specially focused in male patients , aged over 50 years and those the baseline CD4+ T cells count <150 cells/μl.

Key words: AIDS, Lopinavir/ritonavir, Second-line highly avtive antiretioviral therapy, Immunological non-response, Prevalence, Root cause analysis