中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (13): 1595-1602.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0083

所属专题: 神经退行性病变最新文章合集

• 论著·临床实践与改进研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

降低痴呆风险的生活方式量表编制及信效度检验

张巾英, 李华, 刘晓, 王黎, 彭滟, 杨燕妮*()   

  1. 400038 重庆市,陆军军医大学护理系
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-15 修回日期:2022-01-22 出版日期:2022-04-12 发布日期:2022-04-22
  • 通讯作者: 杨燕妮
  • 张巾英,李华,刘晓,等.降低痴呆风险的生活方式量表编制及信效度检验[J].中国全科医学,2022,25(13):1595-1602.[www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:张巾英、杨燕妮进行文章的构思与研究的设计;张巾英、李华、刘晓负责研究的实施;张巾英、李华、刘晓、王黎负责数据收集;张巾英进行数据分析与结果的解释,撰写论文;李华、刘晓、王黎、彭滟负责相关行政、技术或材料支持;杨燕妮负责研究设计、研究经费的获取、论文写作指导、质量控制及审校,对文章整体负责。
  • 基金资助:
    2020年国家社会科学基金资助项目(20BRK039)

Development, Reliability and Validity of the Dementia Risk Reduction Lifestyle Scale

Jinying ZHANG, Hua LI, Xiao LIU, Li WANG, Yan PENG, Yanni YANG*()   

  1. School of Nursing, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
  • Received:2021-11-15 Revised:2022-01-22 Published:2022-04-12 Online:2022-04-22
  • Contact: Yanni YANG
  • About author:
    ZHANG J Y, LI H, LIU X, et al. Development, reliability and validity of the Dementia Risk Reduction Lifestyle Scale[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25 (13) : 1595-1602.

摘要: 背景 生活方式因素是认知功能下降及痴呆发生的重要可调控性风险因素,基于科学评估的生活方式干预将是医护人员开展痴呆一级预防的重要策略和方向,但目前尚无专用于评估可降低社区居民痴呆患病风险的生活方式的工具。 目的 编制降低痴呆风险的生活方式量表并检验其信效度,为评估我国社区居民的生活方式是否有利于降低痴呆风险提供科学工具。 方法 基于健康促进相关理论回顾和文献分析构建量表的条目池,通过专家函询、研究小组讨论等方式形成初始版量表。于2021年1月采用方便抽样法选取30例社区中老年人,使用初始版量表进行预调查,根据调查结果修订条目后形成修订版量表。于2021年1—10月,采用方便抽样法选取506例社区中老年人,使用修订版量表进行大样本测试。通过对全部506例样本进行项目分析并筛选条目后,将总样本随机分组为样本1(n=253)和样本2(n=253),分别进行探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析,最后再次使用总样本进行内部一致性和重测信度检验,最终形成正式版量表。 结果 正式版降低痴呆风险的生活方式量表包括32个条目,通过探索性因子分析提取8个公因子(健康责任、健脑运动、健脑饮食、脑力活动、控烟行为、人际关系、压力管理、精神成长),累积方差贡献率为60.189%,验证性因子分析显示,χ2/df=1.657,渐进残差均方和平方根(RMSEA)=0.051,拟合优度指数(GFI)=0.852,调整拟合优度指数(AGFI)=0.819,规范拟合指数(NFI)=0.743,非规准适配指数(TLI)=0.858,增值适配指数(IFI)=0.880,比较拟合指数(CFI)=0.876。总量表的平均内容效度指数为0.943,Cronbach's α系数为0.862,奇偶折半信度为0.909,重测信度为0.864。 结论 本研究编制的降低痴呆风险的生活方式量表具有良好的信度和效度,适用于测评社区中老年人降低痴呆风险的生活方式。

关键词: 痴呆, 生活方式, 量表, 信度, 效度

Abstract:

Background

Lifestyle factors are important modifiable risk factors for cognitive decline and dementia. The lifestyle intervention based on scientific assessment will be an important strategy and an orientation towards the implementation of primary prevention of dementia. So far, there is no special instrument to evaluate whether a lifestyle can help to reduce the risk of dementia in community-living residents.

Objective

To develop the Dementia Risk Reduction Lifestyle Scale (DRRLS) and test its reliability and validity, providing an instrument for scientifically evaluating whether a lifestyle is conducive to reducing the risk of dementia in community-living Chinese residents.

Methods

The item pool of the DRRLS was created based on the review of related theories of health promotion and literature analysis, then was used to form the initial version of the scale after the revision in accordance with the results of expert consultations and group discussion. After this, the initial version of the scale was pretested in a convenience sample of 30 middle-aged and elderly people in the community in January 2021, and was developed to be a revised version after revising items according to the pretest results. Then from January to October, 2021, the revised scale was tested in a large convenience sample of 506 community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly individuals. After screening items using item analysis of the test results of all 506 cases, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were carried out with the test results of two randomly subdivided subsamples of the sample, subsample 1 (n=253) and subsample 2 (n=253) , respectively. Finally, the test results of the total sample were used for examining internal consistency and test-retest reliability, and the formal scale was formed eventually.

Results

The formal Dementia Risk Reduction Lifestyle Scale consists of 32 items. Eight common factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis (Health responsibility, Brain strengthening exercise, Brain healthy diet, mental activity, smoking control behavior, interpersonal relationship, stress management, spiritual growth) , explaining 60.189% variance of the total. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the goodness-of-fit indices of the formal scale were acceptable: χ2/df=1.657, RMSEA=0.051, GFI=0.852, AGFI=0.819, NFI=0.743, TLI=0.858, IFI=0.880 and CFI=0.876. The content validity index, Cronbach's α, split-half reliability (odd-even) , and test-retest reliability of the formal scale were 0.943, 0.862, 0.909, and 0.864, respectively.

Conclusion

Our scale has been tested with good reliability and validity, which could be used as a suitable instrument for evaluating whether a lifestyle helps to reduce the risk of dementia in middle-aged and elderly people in the community.

Key words: Dementia, Life style, Scale, Reliability, Validity