中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (07): 859-866.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.00.332

所属专题: 肿瘤最新文章合集

• 论著·临床实践与改进研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

血液肿瘤患者代理决策者预立医疗照护计划参与度及其影响因素研究

王天航1,2, 王雯2, 沈文婷2, 史宝欣1,*   

  1. 1.300070 天津市,天津医科大学临终关怀研究中心
    2.300020 天津市,中国医学科学院血液病医院(中国医学科学院血液学研究所)实验血液学国家重点实验室 国家血液系统疾病临床医学研究中心
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-11 修回日期:2021-12-26 出版日期:2022-03-05 发布日期:2022-03-02
  • 通讯作者: 史宝欣

Participation in Advance Care Planning and Associated Factors among Surrogate Decision Makers of Patients with Hematologic Malignancies

WANG Tianhang12WANG Wen2SHEN Wenting2SHI Baoxin1*   

  1. 1.Research Center of Hospice CareTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300070China

    2.State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology/National Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology & Blood Diseases HospitalCAMS & PUMCTianjin 300020China

    *Corresponding authorSHI BaoxinProfessorMaster supervisorE-mailshibaoxin88@126.com

  • Received:2021-08-11 Revised:2021-12-26 Published:2022-03-05 Online:2022-03-02

摘要: 背景预立医疗照护计划(ACP)的实施可以帮助患者在丧失决策能力时得到与其价值观、目标和偏好相符合的医疗、护理服务。在ACP实施过程中,代理决策者作为主要参与者,担任着重要角色。当前,国内有关血液肿瘤患者代理决策者ACP参与度现状及其影响因素的研究较少。目的了解血液肿瘤患者代理决策者ACP参与度现状并分析其影响因素,以期为本土化ACP实施策略的制定提供参考与依据,并在一定程度上促进ACP在国内的推广。方法采用便利抽样法,抽取2020年10月至2021年3月于中国医学科学院血液病医院接受治疗的235例血液肿瘤患者的代理决策者为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、中文版代理决策者预立医疗照护计划参与调查问卷(C-ACP-17-SDM)、中文版疾病不确定感家属量表(C-MUIS-FM)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对其进行调查,比较不同特征血液肿瘤患者代理决策者C-ACP-17-SDM得分情况,采用Pearson相关分析血液肿瘤患者代理决策者C-ACP-17-SDM得分与C-MUIS-FM、SCSQ、SSRS得分的相关性,采用多重线性回归分析血液肿瘤患者代理决策者ACP参与度的影响因素。结果235例血液肿瘤患者代理决策者C-ACP-17-SDM得分为(52.23±13.57)分,C-MUIS-FM得分为(66.43±12.54)分,SCSQ的积极应对维度得分为(24.34±6.94)分、消极应对维度得分为(9.87±4.25)分,SSRS总得分为(40.33±6.78)分。男性、参与过临终医疗决策、了解生命支持、听说过ACP的代理决策者的C-ACP-17-SDM得分相应地高于女性、未参与过临终医疗决策、不了解生命支持、未听说过ACP的代理决策者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血液肿瘤患者代理决策者C-ACP-17-SDM得分与C-MUIS-FM总得分及不明确性维度、缺乏澄清维度得分呈线性负相关,与SCSQ的积极应对维度得分呈线性正相关。血液肿瘤患者代理决策者性别、是否参与过临终医疗决策、是否了解生命支持、是否听说过ACP、疾病不确定感水平、积极应对水平是影响其ACP参与度的因素(P<0.05)。结论血液肿瘤患者代理决策者ACP参与度处于中等偏上水平,医护人员在ACP实施前可鼓励男性、参与过临终医疗决策的家属作为血液肿瘤患者的代理决策者,并通过对代理决策者进行ACP相关知识宣教、为其讲解血液肿瘤相关知识、引导其采取积极的方式应对决策压力,提高血液肿瘤患者代理决策者ACP参与度。

关键词: 血液肿瘤, 预立医疗照护计划, 代理决策, 参与度, 影响因素分析

Abstract: Background

Advance care planning (ACP) helps patients to obtain medical care meeting their values, goals and preferencesunder the circumstances of loss of decision-making ability. The surrogate decision maker (SDM) plays a key role as the main participantinvolved in the process of ACP. But there are no studies on the participation and role of SDMs in ACP process in China.

Objective

To investigate the participation in ACP of SDMs of patients with hematologic malignancies and its associated factors, providing a reference for the development of localized strategies for ACP implementation, and for the promotion of ACP in China.

Methods

Convenient sampling was used to select the SDMs of 235 patients with hematologic malignancies recruited from Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences during October 2020 to March 2021. They were invited to compete a survey using the Chinese version of the 17-item Advance Care Planning Engagement Survey for Surrogate Decision Makers (C-ACP-SDM-17) , Chinese version of Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale-Family Member form (C-MUIS-FM) , Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) , and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) . The C-ACP-SDM-17 scores were compared by demographic factors of the SDMs. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation of C-ACP-SDM-17 score with C-MUIS-FM, SCSQ, and SSRS scores of SDMs. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors associated with the participation in ACP of SDMs.

Results

The average total scores of the C-ACP-SDM-17, C-MUIS-FM, and SSRS of the SDMs were (52.23±13.57) , (66.43±12.54) and (40.33±6.78) , respectively. And the average scores of two subscales of SCSQ of the SDMs, active coping and passive coping, were (24.34±6.94) , and (9.87±4.25) , respectively. Male, having experience of involvement in end-of-life medical decision making, awareness of life-sustaining treatment, and knowing of ACP were associated with statistically higher C-ACP-SDM-17 score of SDMs (P<0.05) . The total C-ACP-SDM-17 score of SDMs was negatively correlated with the total score of C-MUIS-FM, and scores of its two subscales, uncertainty and ambiguity, but was positively correlated with the score of active coping. Gender, involvement in end-of-life medical decision making, awareness of life-sustaining treatment, hearing about ACP, level of disease uncertainty, and level of active coping were factors associated with the involvement of SDMs in ACP (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

The ACP participation in SDMs of hematologic malignancies patients was above average. To increase their participation level, it is suggested for medical workers to encourage hematologic malignancies patients' male family members or family members with experience of involvement in end-of-life medical decision making to be SDMs, and give them ACP education, explanation of hematologic malignancies, as well as guide them to actively cope with the pressure of decision making.

Key words: Hematologic malignancies, Advance care planning, Surrogate decision-making, Engagement, Root cause analysis

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