关键词: 新型冠状病毒肺炎, 社区防控, 结构, 知识, 态度, 工作特征

Abstract: Background　COVID-19 is an emerging infectious disease that is extremely difficult to prevent and control. Community prevention and control is an important way to curb the spread of the pandemic. The community workers for containing COVID-19 are the main body of COVID-19 prevention and control force，undertaking tasks such as registering the brief health-related information of persons entering and leaving the community，governing the community environment，and publicizing knowledge pertaining to COVID-19 prevention. However，their COVID-19-related knowledge level and specific work tasks are not clear. We performed a survey concerning their structure，COVID-19-related knowledge，attitudes，and work characteristics，providing information for improving the mechanism of community-based regular epidemic prevention and control.Objective　To investigate the structure，COVID-19-related knowledge，attitudes，and work characteristics of the community COVID-19 containment team，to provide a scientific basis for optimizing the allocation of human resources for community COVID-19 containment and for promoting the popularizing of COVID-19-related knowledge. Methods　A self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct a survey with community workers for containing COVID-19 selected from five streets in Baoan District，Shenzhen from March 12 to 21，2020 by convenience sampling，for collecting their demographics，COVID-19-related knowledge and attitudes. Results　Of the 756 workers，753（99.6%） who completed the questionnaire effectively were included for final analysis，including 552 men（73.3%） and 201 women（26.7%），with 18-35 age group〔61.1%（460/753）〕 or those with high school or specialized school〔31.2%（235/753）〕attainment accounting for the largest percentage. Three aspects concerning COVID-19 containment obtained the highest awareness rates：required days for continuing to monitor self-health after discharge〔73.3%（552/753）〕，incubation period〔44.6%（336/753）〕，and criteria for releasing from quarantine〔39.0%（294/753）〕. Men had a higher awareness rate of main symptoms of COVID-19 but had lower awareness rates of the class of COVID-19 as an infectious disease，kinds of disinfectants for deactivating the SARS-CoV-2 virus，the follow-up period and revisit time as well as number of self-health monitoring days（P<0.05）. Younger age was associated with lower awareness rates of the class of COVID-19 as an infectious disease，and incubation period of COVID-19，but higher awareness rate of COVID-19 main symptoms（P<0.05）. Education level was associated with higher or lower awareness rates of the aspects concerning COVID-19 related information（P<0.05） except the awareness rate of transmission routes of COVID-19. Occupation was associated with significant differences in the awareness rates of the class of COVID-19 as an infectious disease and number of self-health monitoring days（P<0.05）. Higher annual household income per capita was associated with higher awareness rate of number of self-health monitoring days（P<0.05）. Poorer self-rated health was associated with lower awareness rate of incubation period of COVID-19 but higher awareness rate of number of self-health monitoring days（P<0.05）. The average score for the attitudes toward COVID-19 was（46.07±5.77）. The average number of working days for containing COVID was （42.77±14.87）.Those worked for 8-12 hours per working day accounting for the largest percentage〔51.5%（388/753）〕. 498（66.1%） participated in the community-based COVID-19 containment consisting of monitoring，screening and treatment. And 240（31.9%）played a role in undertaking at least 3 tasks. Conclusion　The structure of these community teams for containing COVID-19 was not appropriate，with a low awareness rate of information about containing COVID-19，and negative attitudes towards the pandemic. Their demographics showed different associations with different aspects of COVID-19-related information. Moreover，the COVID-19 containment may be long-term，arduous and complicated. Against the backdrop of regular COVID-19 containment in the community，the allocation of the workers for pandemic containment should be optimized，their tasks should be adjusted appropriately，and COVID-19 containment trainings for them should be strengthened.

Key words: COVID-19, Community prevention and control, Structure, Knowledge, Attitude, Work characteristics