中国全科医学 ›› 2020, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (13): 1699-1704.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2020.00.111

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

精益六西格玛管理模型对糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白检测频率和达标率的影响研究

龚辉1,汤华山2,张波1,张韬1,花迎雪2,宋道平1,严惟力3*   

  1. 1.200136上海市浦东新区金杨社区卫生服务中心 2.200121上海市浦东新区合庆社区卫生服务中心  3.200136上海市,复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院
    *通信作者:严惟力,博士生导师;E-mail:yan_weili@126.com
  • 出版日期:2020-05-05 发布日期:2020-05-05
  • 基金资助:
    基金项目:上海市浦东新区卫生和计划生育委员会科技发展专项基金资助(PW2016C-15)

Measurement Frequency and Target Meeting Rate of Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Diabetics with Lean Six Sigma Management 

GONG Hui1,TANG Huashan2,ZHANG Bo1,ZHANG Tao1,HUA Yingxue2,SONG Daoping1,YAN Weili3*   

  1. 1.Pudong District Jinyang Community Health Center,Shanghai 200136,China
    2.Pudong District Heqing Community Health Center,Shanghai 200121,China
    3.Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine,Fudan University,Shanghai 200136,China
    *Corresponding author:YAN Weili,Doctoral supervisor;E-mail:yan_weili@126.com
  • Published:2020-05-05 Online:2020-05-05

摘要: 背景 糖尿病患者作为全科团队重点签约服务对象,其糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)检测频率及达标率是绩效考核指标之一。为了提高糖尿病患者管理效果,如何协调好全科团队成员在糖尿病患者管理运作中的关系,是目前迫切需要解决的问题。目的 探讨全科团队运用精益六西格玛(LSS)管理模式对糖尿病患者HbA1c的检测频率和达标率的影响。方法 于2017年1月—2018年12月,在上海市浦东新区金杨社区卫生服务中心由两个全科团队经LSS培训为LSS team,即干预组,剩余两个全科团队为team 2,即对照组,分别随机分配200例糖尿病患者。干预组按六西格玛理念运用黑带、绿带等角色构建项目组织架构,使用DMAIC循环,即定义(define)、测量(measure)、分析(analyze)、改进(improve)、控制(control)5个阶段构成的过程改进方法进行项目推进,同时利用鱼骨图、RACI、行动计划表等工艺改进工具,通过发现原社区糖尿病患者HbA1c检测管理的薄弱点并提出改善方案,全过程进行有效监控。对照组仅按照上级业务部门要求进行常规随访管理。结果 对照组平均测量次数(3.7±1.3)次,干预组平均测量次数(4.6±1.3)次,差异有统计学意义(t=7.073,P<0.001);对照组HbA1c均值(7.1±1.0)mmol/L,干预组HbA1c均值(6.5±0.6)mmol/L,差异有统计学意义(t=-7.401,P<0.001)。对照组达标率为55.5%(111/200),干预组达标率为84.5%(169/200),差异有统计学意义(χ2=40.048,P<0.05)。按HbA1c测量次数分为3组:<4次,122例,HbA1c均值为(7.0±1.1)mmol/L;4~6次,250例,HbA1c均值为(6.7±0.7)mmol/L;>6次,28例,HbA1c均值为(6.6±0.4)mmol/L。3组HbA1c均值比较差异有统计意义(F=6.885,P<0.001)。结论 应用LSS,可以有效提高签约糖尿病患者的HbA1c检测频率,而通过HbA1c检测频率的提高,可以同时改善HbA1c达标率,这种改善可能与随着HbA1c检测频率提升,医患双方对血糖控制的重视度提高有关。LSS的改善过程符合医护人员的临床诊疗思维,其独特的组织架构尤其适用于目前全科团队中的各职能岗位的协调工作,能有效提高慢性病管理效率。

关键词: 精益六西格玛, 糖尿病, 血红蛋白A, 糖基化

Abstract: Background Diabetic patients are a key contracted service population for a general practitioner team,and their measurement frequency and target meeting rate of glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c) are performance evaluation indicators of the team.To improve the management effect in such patients,it is urgently to coordinate the relationships between the general practitioner team members during the management.Objective To explore the effect of Lean Six Sigma(LSS) management delivered by the general practitioner team on the measurement frequency and target meeting rate of HbA1c in diabetic patients in the community.Methods This trial was conducted between January 2017 and December 2018.200 type 2 diabetic patients were equally randomized into the control group and intervention group.The control group received the routine follow-up management delivered by two general practitioner teams.The intervention group received LSS management,a project whose organization structure comprised of belt personnel designated as black belts and green belts and so on in the concept of Six Sigma,with DMAIC improvement cycle(define,measure,analyze,improve and control) as the driven force,and fishbone diagram,RACI,and action plan as the tools for improving the weaknesses of the original community-based management,and effect control during the whole management delivered by other two general practitioner teams receiving LSS training.The control group was only routinely followed up the requirements of the superior business department.Results In these two years,the average number of measurements was(4.6±1.3)times in the intervention group and(3.7±1.3)times in the control group,with a significant difference(t=7.073,P<0.001).The mean value of HbA1c was(6.5±0.6)mmol/L in the intervention group,and was(7.1±1.0)mmol/L in the control group,showing a significant difference(t=-7.401,P<0.001).The compliance rate was 55.5% (111/200) in the control group and 84.5% (169/200) in the intervention group,with a statistically significant difference(χ2=40.048,P<0.05).According to the measurement times of HbA1c,it was divided into 3 groups:<4 times,with 122 cases,and the mean value of HbA1c was(7.0±1.1)mmol/L;4-6 times,with 250 cases,and the mean value of HbA1c was(6.7±0.7)mmol/L;>6 times,with 28 cases,and the mean value of HbA1c was(6.6±0.4)mmol/L.The differences between the three groups were statistically significant(F=6.885,P<0.001).Conclusion The application of LSS in the management of type 2 diabetic patients may improve the measurement frequency as well as the target meeting rate of HbA1c.The increased target meeting rate of HbA1c may be associated with increased measurement frequency,and increased attention to glycemic control from both physicians and patients.The improvement phase of management with LSS is in compliance with the clinical diagnosis and treatment thoughts of the medical staff.In particular,the unique organization structure in LSS is especially suitable for the coordination of the members in multiple positions in the general practitioner team.It can effectively improve the efficiency of chronic disease management.

Key words: Lean Six Sigma, Diabetes mellitus, Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated