中国全科医学 ›› 2019, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (15): 1869-1873.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.060

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

颈动脉多普勒超声指标对颈动脉内膜剥脱术和颈动脉支架置入术术后再狭窄程度的诊断价值

刘小明*,包凌云,方建华,马晨霞   

  1. 310006浙江省杭州市,浙江大学医学院附属杭州市第一人民医院超声影像科
    *通信作者:刘小明,主治医师;E-mail:hzyyliuxiaoming@163.com
  • 出版日期:2019-05-20 发布日期:2019-05-20

Value of Carotid Doppler Ultrasonography in the Evaluation of Restenosis after CEA and CAS 

LIU Xiaoming*,BAO Lingyun,FANG Jianhua,MA Chenxia   

  1. Department of Ultrasound Imaging,Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou 310006,China
    *Corresponding author:LIU Xiaoming,Attending physician;E-mail:hzyyliuxiaoming@163.com
  • Published:2019-05-20 Online:2019-05-20

摘要: 背景 多普勒超声是评估颈动脉狭窄程度的常用方法,但对于颈动脉内膜剥脱术(CEA)和颈动脉支架置入术(CAS)术后再狭窄程度的诊断效能还有待提高。目的 探究不同颈动脉多普勒超声(CDU)指标诊断CEA和CAS术后再狭窄程度的临床价值。方法 选择2015年1月—2016年8月于浙江大学医学院附属杭州市第一人民医院成功完成CEA和CAS治疗的患者106例,在术后12个月时分别进行CDU和数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查,比较不同再狭窄程度患者CDU指标〔再狭窄段收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、舒张末期血流速度(EDV)及再狭窄段与颈总动脉的收缩期峰值流速比(PSV-ICA/CCA)〕的差异。以DSA诊断结果为金标准,绘制PSV、EDV、PSV-ICA/CCA诊断不同再狭窄程度的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线),并评价其诊断效能(正确率、灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值)。结果 DSA共检出再狭窄程度≥50%的患者33例,其中再狭窄程度50%~69%的患者19例,再狭窄程度≥70%患者14例。不同再狭窄程度PSV、EDV、PSV-ICA/CCA比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中再狭窄程度50%~69%、再狭窄程度≥70%患者PSV、EDV、PSV-ICA/CCA高于再狭窄程度<50%患者,再狭窄程度≥70%患者PSV、EDV、PSV-ICA/CCA高于再狭窄程度50%~69%患者(P<0.05)。PSV诊断再狭窄程度≥50%的AUC〔AUC=0.977,95%CI(0.936,0.995)〕高于EDV〔AUC=0.899,95%CI(0.841,0.989)〕和PSV-ICA/CCA〔AUC=0.842,95%CI(0.778,0.903)〕;PSV诊断再狭窄程度≥50%的最佳截点为209 cm/s。PSV诊断再狭窄程度≥70%的AUC〔AUC=0.984,95%CI(0.957,1.000)〕高于EDV〔AUC=0.810,95%CI(0.734,0.912)和PSV-ICA/CCA〔AUC=0.912,95%CI(0.805,0.987)〕;PSV诊断再狭窄程度≥70%的最佳截点为285 cm/s。PSV诊断再狭窄程度≥50%和≥70%的正确率、灵敏度和阴性预测值高于EDV和PSV-ICA/CCA(P<0.05)。结论 PSV、EDV、PSV-ICA/CCA对CEA和CAS术后再狭窄具有较高诊断价值,其中PSV≥209、285 cm/s可作为诊断CEA和CAS术后再狭窄程度≥50%、≥70%的参考指标。

关键词: 颈动脉狭窄;颈动脉内膜切除术;颈动脉支架置入术;超声检查, 多普勒, 经颅

Abstract: Background Doppler ultrasound is a commonly used test to assess the degree of carotid artery stenosis.But for the evaluation of restenosis after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stenting (CAS),its accuracy needs to be improved.Objective To explore the value of ultrasound Doppler in evaluating restenosis after CEA and CAS.Methods 106 patients who received CEA and CAS successfully in Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2015 to August 2016 were chosen and checked by carotid Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) at 12 months after surgery.Comparisons of CDU indices,such as PSV,and EDV at the stenotic segment,and PSV-ICA/CCA ratio were made between participants by the degree of restenosis.The diagnostic accuracies of PSV,EDV and PSV-ICA/CCA ratio for restenosis were evaluated by using the DSA diagnosis as the gold standard.ROC analyses of the efficacy(including accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive values) of PSV,EDV and PSV-ICA/CCA ratio in diagnosing the restenosis were performed.Results A total of 33 cases of ≥50% restenosis were detected,including 19 with 50%-69% restenosis and 14 with ≥70% restenosis.PSV,EDV and PSV-ICA/CCA ratio differed significantly between the participants by the restenosis degree(P<0.05).And they increased with the degree of restenosis,namely,they increased successively in those with mild(<50%),moderate(50%-69%) and severe(≥70%) restenosis(P<0.05).ROC curve analyses showed that for diagnosing moderate to severe restenosis(≥50%),the AUC of PSV〔AUC=0.977,95%CI(0.936,0.995)〕was significantly higher than that of EDV〔AUC=0.899,95%CI(0.841,0.989)and that of PSV-ICA/CCA ratio〔AUC=0.842,95%CI(0.778,0.903)〕,and the optimal cut-off value was determined as 209 cm/s.For diagnosing severe restenosis(≥70%),the AUC of PSV〔AUC=0.984,95%CI(0.957,1.000)〕 was also significantly higher than that of EDV 〔AUC=0.810,95%CI(0.734,0.912)and that of PSV-ICA/CCA ratio〔AUC=0.912,95%CI(0.805,0.987)〕,and the optimal cut-off value was determined as 285 cm/s.PSV demonstrated higher accuracy,sensitivity and positive predictive value than EDV and PSV-ICA/CCA ratio in diagnosing moderate to severe restenosis(≥50%) and severe restenosis(≥70%).Conclusion All the 3 CDU indices,PSV,EDV,and PSV-ICA/CCA ratio are valuable in the evaluation of restenosis after CEA and CAS surgery.In particular,PSV≥209 cm/s and 285 cm/s can be used as reference indices for the diagnosis of moderate to severe restenosis(≥50%) and severe restenosis(≥70%).

Key words: Carotid stenosis;Endarterectomy, carotid;Carotid artery stenting;Ultrasonography, Doppler, transcranial