Page 97 - 2023-01-中国全科医学
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·92·   http: //www.chinagp.net   E-mail: zgqkyx@chinagp.net.cn                     January  2023, Vol.26  No.1


           community health service stations in only one or two years were considered intermittent frequent patients. Patients' visits,basic
           information and illnesses were analyzed,and "face-to-face" interviews were conducted with five patients each from intermittent
           and frequent visitors to find out the reasons for their frequent visits. Results A total of 639 frequent patients were included in the
           study,divided into a continuous frequent group(92 patients) and an intermittent frequent group(547 patients). There were
           no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender,age,marital status,education,proportion
           of overweight/obesity people,and proportion of people who have signed up with a family doctor(P>0.05). The top 5 chronic
           diseases in both groups were hypertension,type 2 diabetes,dyslipidaemia,coronary heart disease and stroke;there was no
           statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of hypertension,type 2 diabetes,dyslipidaemia,coronary
           heart disease and stroke and the complexity of the diseases(P>0.05). Further interviews revealed that the top three reasons for
           choosing to visit the community included obvious geographical advantages and short waiting time(n=9),good doctor-patient
           relationship and basic satisfaction of daily medical needs(n=7),and higher reimbursement rate than specialist hospitals
           (n=6). The top three reasons for intermittent frequent visits included smooth disease control resulting in fewer visits(n=2)
           after improvement in follow-up behavior(normative medication behavior,change in visiting habits),a transient increase in the
           number of visits due to acute episodes or changes in chronic conditions(n=2),and recurrent visits due to periodic "emotional"
           distress(n=1); The top 3 reasons for continuous frequent visits included taking medicines in multiple visits per month due to
           mismatch between the number of doses available in a single box and the number of doses in the disease cycle(n=3),repeated
           visits due to prefer the original drug and refusal of substitution(n=1),and repeated community visits due to untimely referrals
           (n=1). Conclusion The phenomenon of frequent visits exists among community-dwelling people in Beijing,and patients
           with continuous frequent visits take up a larger amount of health care resources,which is characteristically not much different from
           patients with intermittent frequent visits,but their occupancies on medical resources are quite different,and the attention should
           be intensified to patients with abnormal frequent visits in the daily diagnosis and treatment,and convert patients with continuous
           frequent visits into those with intermittent frequent visits to make efficient use of medical resources.
               【Key words】 Community health services;Health services,outpatient;Outpatients;Frequent visits;General
           practice;Medical resources


               社区卫生服务机构为居民提供连续性医疗服务,《国                         诊者的相关特征,采用访谈法对间断和持续频繁就诊者
           家基本公共卫生服务规范(2011 年版)》指出对慢性                          各 5 例进行“面对面”访谈以了解频繁就诊主要原因,
           病每年至少进行 4 次随访,随着医疗改革的落实,居民                          为制定针对性健康计划和必要的康复措施及干预方案提
           就诊量逐渐增多,甚至存在频繁就诊现象                   [1] 。频繁就       供理论依据。
           诊通常被定义为 12 个月内患者就诊次数排在前 10% 的                       1 对象与方法
           就诊情况,这不仅消耗全科医生的大量时间,且占用大                            1.1 研究对象 通过本单位电子信息系统,调取 2017
           量社区医疗资源       [2-3] 。一部分频繁就诊者在一段时间                  年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月,北京市三里河二区社区卫生服
           后恢复到常规就诊模式,而小部分成为持续频繁就诊                             务站全科就诊患者的就诊数据,以患者就诊编码为唯一
           者 [4-5] ,持续频繁就诊者的年平均就诊次数分别为间断                       身份识别信息进行提取。纳入标准:(1)3 年内至少
           频繁就诊者、非频繁就诊者的 1.7 倍和 6.2 倍             [5] 。尽管      产生 1 次全科门诊记录;(2)就诊记录为“面对面”
           持续频繁就诊者就医频率更高,但其疾病复发率高、生                            咨询全科医生;(3)年龄≥ 18 岁。排除标准:(1)
           活质量低的现状仍未得到改善,且因过度占用医疗资源                            就诊记录缺失或主要信息不全;(2)全科医生上门服务。
           而产生更多的社会问题          [4,6-7] 。在日常诊疗中,鉴于频             1.2 研究方法
           繁就诊者的自身状况的复杂性和对资源需求的特殊性,                            1.2.1 分组情况 分组标准为:(1)年度(1—12 月)
           及时识别间断频繁就诊者和持续频繁就诊者,可能更有                            就诊频次排在前 10% 的居民为频繁就诊者                [2-3] ;(2)
           助于进行医疗服务规划          [2] 。目前国外对频繁就诊的横                频繁就诊者中,3 年内每年就诊次数均在前 10% 者为持
           断面研究较多,部分为干预研究,其研究表明,持续频                            续频繁就诊者;(3)频繁就诊者中,仅有 1 年或 2 年
           繁就诊与躯体、心理和精神因素,以及社会人口学因素                            频繁就诊记录者为间断频繁就诊者                [5] 。通过电子信息
           有关  [3,8-9] ;我国关于此类人群的研究尚少,一项对老                     系统分别统计 2017—2019 年年度就诊次数居前 10% 居
           年持续频繁就诊者的研究表明,年龄在 70 岁以上、女                          民的就诊次数,将 2017 年就诊次数≥ 27 次 / 年、2018
           性、签约家庭医生与持续频繁就诊有关                [5] 。为了有效、         年就诊次数≥ 26 次 / 年、2019 年就诊次数≥ 34 次 / 年
           平衡利用社区医疗资源,本文根据就诊居民 3 年间的客                          的居民定义为频繁就诊者。共纳入频繁就诊者 643 例,
           观就诊数据分组,分析持续频繁就诊现状及持续频繁就                            删除未建立健康档案者 3 例、死亡 1 例,最终纳入 639 例,
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