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           结核治疗后肺功能得到改善,仍然有 28% 和 24% 的                        [5]LAM K B,JIANG C Q,JORDAN R E,et al. Prior TB,smoking,
           患者出现残余气流限制或限制性模式                  [14] 。本研究发            and airflow obstruction:a cross-sectional analysis of the Guangzhou
                                                                   Biobank Cohort Study[J]. Chest,2010,137(3):593-600.
           现 TOPD 患者的肺功能指标 FEV 1 /FVC、FEV 1 %pre 均低
                                                                   DOI:10.1378/chest.09-1435.
           于 COPD 患者,提示 TOPD 患者肺功能阻塞性通气功能
                                                               [6]AMARAL  A  F,COTON  S,KATO  B,et  al.  Tuberculosis
           障碍较 COPD 患者更严重。目前引起 TOPD 患者肺功                           associates with both airflow obstruction and low lung function:bold
           能改变的机制研究仍然较少。本研究采用 Spearman 秩                           results[J]. Eur Respir J,2015,46(4):1104-1112. DOI:
           相关分析结果显示,结核所致受累叶数与肺功能指标                                 10.1183/13993003.02325-2014.
           FEV 1 /FVC、FEV 1 %pre、FVC%pre 均呈负相关,尽管这             [7]ALLWOOD B W,MYER L,BATEMAN E D. A systematic review of
                                                                   the association between pulmonary tuberculosis and the development
           种关联非常微弱,但仍提示 TOPD 患者肺功能降低可能
                                                                   of chronic airflow obstruction in adults[J]. Respiration,2013,86
           与结核瘢痕等结核后遗症导致肺组织结构形态学改变有
                                                                   (1):76-85. DOI:10.1159/000350917.
           关。HWANG 等    [16] 研究也发现,有影像学改变的患者                   [8]World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Report 2017[R].
           其 GOLD 分级更高。然而,也有研究显示气流阻塞发生                             Geneva:World Health Organization,2017.
           在影像学改变小的患者中,提示影响 TOPD 患者肺功能                         [9]SINGH D,AGUSTI A,ANZUETO A,et al. Global strategy for the
           的原因并非单纯的结核所致影像学受累,也可能与慢性                                diagnosis,management,and prevention of chronic obstructive lung
           气道炎症等其他因素有关           [17-18] 。                         disease:the GOLD science committee report 2019[J]. Eur Respir J,
                                                                   2019,53(5):1900164. DOI:10.1183/13993003.00164-2019.
               总之,本研究初步分析了 TOPD 患者的临床、肺功
                                                               [10]中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会 . WS 196-2017 结
           能及影像学特征。肺功能与影像学指标的相关性研究结                                 核病分类[J]. 中国感染控制杂志,2018,17(4):367-368.
           果提示临床防治肺结核的重要性,尤其是对于临床上已                            [11]BYRNE A L,MARAIS B J,MITNICK C D,et al. Tuberculosis
           经出现结核所致肺组织受累的患者,加强其肺功能监测                                 and chronic respiratory disease:a systematic review[J]. Int J
           和早期干预性治疗,可能对于预防 TOPD 的发生或减缓                              Infect Dis,2015,32:138-146. DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2014.12.016.
                                                               [12]YAKAR  H  I,GUNEN,PEHLIVAN  E,et  al.  The  role  of
           该病进展具有重要意义。
                                                                    tuberculosis in COPD[J]. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis,
               作者贡献:李风森提出研究思路,对文章的知识性
                                                                    2017,12:323-329. DOI:10.2147/COPD.S116086.
           内容作批评性审阅、质量控制、校审和监督管理;王益                            [13]LEE J H,CHANG J H. Lung function in patients with chronic
           德、田宗祥、李争进行论文的构思与设计、数据分析、                                 airflow obstruction due to tuberculous destroyed lung[J]. Respir
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               本文无利益冲突。                                             00255-5.
                                                               [14]PLIT  M  L,ANDERSON  R,VAN  RENSBURG  C  E,
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