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           决策树与 Logistic 回归模型在老年人社区

           养老意愿影响因素分析中的应用研究

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           闫蕊 ,赵守梅 ,张馨心 ,吕雨梅                1*                                                查看原文
               【摘要】 背景 伴随我国人口老龄日益严重,养老问题日渐突出,社区养老可有效解决当前社会养老问题。目
           的 运用决策树与 Logistic 回归模型探析老年人社区养老意愿的影响因素。方法 2020 年 8—12 月,依据便利抽样原
           则选取大庆市某 3 个社区为研究现场,方便选取符合入组标准的 500 例社区老年人为研究对象,进行问卷调查。问卷
           内容涵盖老年人一般资料、身心健康水平、家庭及社会支持等方面。采用决策树与 Logistic 回归模型分析老年人社区
           养老意愿的影响因素。结果 共发放 500 份问卷,回收有效问卷 489 份,问卷有效回收率为 97.8%。其中,159 例(32.5%)
           社区老年人愿意选择社区养老。Logistic 回归模型分析结果显示,养老观念、社区养老了解度、孤独感得分、代际关
           系得分是老年人社区养老意愿的影响因素(P<0.05);决策树模型分析结果显示,社区养老了解度、养老观念、孤独
           感得分、社会网络、健康自评、教育程度、居住方式为老年人社区养老意愿的影响因素(P<0.05)。Logistic 回归模型
           与决策树模型筛出的前 3 位关键影响因素均为社区养老了解度、养老观念及孤独感得分。Logistic 回归模型的灵敏度为
           94.34%,特异度为 95.75%,受试者工作特征曲线(ROC 曲线)下面积为 0.985(0.974,0.996);决策树模型的灵敏
           度为 88.05%,特异度为 97.87%,ROC 曲线下面积为 0.980(0.968,0.992)。两个模型差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.625,
           P=0.268)。结论 决策树与 Logistic 回归模型相结合,在老年人社区养老意愿影响因素研究中具有较高的运用价值。
           研究结果显示,老年人社区养老意愿偏低,提示未来可通过改变老年人传统养老观念、关注老年人身心健康、改善老
           年人家庭关系等方法提高老年人社区养老意愿。
               【关键词】 老年人保健服务;社区卫生服务;社区养老;决策树;Logistic 回归分析;影响因素分析
               【中图分类号】 R 197 【文献标识码】 A DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.00.321
               闫蕊,赵守梅,张馨心,等 . 决策树与 Logistic 回归模型在老年人社区养老意愿影响因素分析中的应用研究[J].
           中国全科医学,2022,25(1):87-93. [www.chinagp.net]
               YAN R,ZHAO S M,ZHANG X X,et al. Factors associated with older adults' intention to use community-based elderly
           care:a study using the decision tree and Logistic regression models[J]. Chinese General Practice,2022,25(1):87-93.

           Factors Associated with Older Adults' Intention to Use Community-based Elderly Care:a Study Using the Decision
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           Tree and Logistic Regression Models YAN Rui ,ZHAO Shoumei ,ZHANG Xinxin ,LYU Yumei 1*
           1.School of Nursing,Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150081,China
           2.Sarertu District Dongan Subdistrict Community Health Center,Daqing 163319,China
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           Corresponding author:LYU Yumei,Associate professor,Master supervisor;E-mail:438866749@qq.com
               【Abstract】 Background Community-based elderly care may effectively contribute to the handling of serious elderly
           care challenges brought by an increasingly aging population in China. Objective To explore the factors associated with older
           adults' intention to choose community-based elderly care using the decision tree and Logistic regression models. Methods This
           questionnaire survey was conducted in three communities selected from Daqing by convenient sampling from August to December
           2020. 500 eligible community-dwelling older adults(≥ 60 years old) were selected as the research objects. The decision tree
           and Logistic regression models were used to explore factors associated with these older adults' intention to choose community-
           based elderly care via analyzing their demographics,self-rated physical and mental health,and family and social support
           collected by the survey. Results Altogether,489 cases(97.8%) who effectively responded to the survey were included for
           analysis. The prevalence of intending to choose community-based elderly care in the respondents was 32.5%(159/489). Logistic
           regression analysis revealed that the older adults' understanding level of community-based elderly care,views of elderly care,

               基金项目:2020 年教育部人文社会科学研究项目(20YJAZH075)
               1.150081 黑龙江省哈尔滨市,哈尔滨医科大学护理学院 2.163319 黑龙江省大庆市,萨尔图区东安街道社区卫生服务中心
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               通信作者:吕雨梅,副教授,硕士生导师;E-mail:438866749@qq.com
               本文数字出版日期:2021-11-18
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