
Chinese General Practice ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (31): 3924-3931.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0019
• Original Research • Previous Articles Next Articles
Received:2025-03-06
Revised:2025-06-30
Published:2025-11-05
Online:2025-09-23
Contact:
LIU Tao
通讯作者:
刘涛
作者简介:作者贡献:
张骥提出主要研究目标,负责数据统计,构思并撰写论文;周婕、李凌、吴延莉、吉维负责数据收集;周婕、吴延莉协助整理数据和统计学处理;刘涛负责文章的质量控制与审查,对论文整体负责。
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| 特征 | 合计(n=9 109) | LFG(n=437) | NFG(n=6 210) | IFG(n=2 035) | DM(n=427) | F(χ2)值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 年龄( | 44.7±15.7 | 43.0±15.7 | 43.9±15.7 | 46.4±15.4 | 50.4±15.7 | 34.293 | <0.001 |
| 性别[名(%)] | 26.399a | <0.001 | |||||
| 男 | 4 356(47.82) | 210(48.05) | 2 872(46.25) | 1 032(50.71) | 242(56.67) | ||
| 女 | 4 753(52.18) | 227(51.95) | 3 338(53.75) | 1 003(49.29) | 185(43.33) | ||
| 居住地[名(%)] | 253.465a | <0.001 | |||||
| 城市 | 3 100(34.03) | 120(27.46) | 2 445(39.37) | 438(21.52) | 97(22.72) | ||
| 农村 | 6 009(65.97) | 317(72.54) | 3 765(60.63) | 1 597(78.48) | 330(77.28) | ||
| 吸烟[名(%)] | 1.613a | 0.656 | |||||
| 是 | 2 635(28.93) | 121(27.69) | 1 790(28.82) | 590(28.99) | 134(31.38) | ||
| 否 | 6 474(71.07) | 316(72.31) | 4 420(71.18) | 1 445(71.01) | 293(68.62) | ||
| 饮酒[名(%)] | 20.669a | <0.001 | |||||
| 是 | 2 937(32.24) | 130(29.75) | 1 933(31.13) | 705(34.64) | 169(39.58) | ||
| 否 | 6 172(67.76) | 307(70.25) | 4 277(68.87) | 1 330(65.36) | 258(60.42) | ||
| 经常锻炼[名(%)] | 13.226a | 0.004 | |||||
| 是 | 7 887(86.58) | 354(81.01) | 5 385(86.71) | 1 780(87.47) | 368(86.18) | ||
| 否 | 1 222(13.42) | 83(18.99) | 825(13.29) | 255(12.53) | 59(13.82) | ||
| 血脂异常[名(%)] | 43.387a | <0.001 | |||||
| 是 | 5 286(58.03) | 253(57.89) | 3 523(56.73) | 1 199(58.92) | 311(72.83) | ||
| 否 | 3 823(41.97) | 184(42.11) | 2 687(43.27) | 836(41.08) | 116(27.17) | ||
| 基线患CVD[名(%)] | 0.205a | 0.977 | |||||
| 是 | 9 058(99.44) | 434(99.31) | 6 175(99.44) | 2 024(99.46) | 425(99.53) | ||
| 否 | 51(0.56) | 3(0.69) | 35(0.56) | 11(0.54) | 2(0.47) | ||
| 恶性肿瘤史[名(%)] | 5.716a | 0.456 | |||||
| 是 | 9 042(145.6) | 6 164(99.26) | 436(7.02) | 2 018(32.5) | 424(6.83) | ||
| 否 | 27(0.43) | 17(0.27) | 1(0.02) | 9(0.14) | 0 | ||
| 不清楚 | 40(0.64) | 29(0.47) | 0 | 8(0.13) | 3(0.05) | ||
| BMI( | 22.8±3.3 | 22.3±2.9 | 22.6±3.2 | 23.3±3.7 | 24.2±3.6 | 52.308 | <0.001 |
| WC( | 76.5±9.5 | 76.1±8.7 | 75.7±9.4 | 77.9±9.6 | 81.0±10.3 | 57.765 | <0.001 |
| SBP( | 126±22 | 124±19 | 125±21 | 128±22 | 133±23 | 32.404 | <0.001 |
| DBP( | 78±12 | 77±11 | 78±12 | 80±13 | 81±12 | 22.953 | <0.001 |
| FBG( | 5.3±1.3 | 3.5±0.4 | 4.9±0.4 | 6.1±0.4 | 9.3±3.0 | 6 163.890 | <0.001 |
Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics for participants with different blood glucose levels
| 特征 | 合计(n=9 109) | LFG(n=437) | NFG(n=6 210) | IFG(n=2 035) | DM(n=427) | F(χ2)值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 年龄( | 44.7±15.7 | 43.0±15.7 | 43.9±15.7 | 46.4±15.4 | 50.4±15.7 | 34.293 | <0.001 |
| 性别[名(%)] | 26.399a | <0.001 | |||||
| 男 | 4 356(47.82) | 210(48.05) | 2 872(46.25) | 1 032(50.71) | 242(56.67) | ||
| 女 | 4 753(52.18) | 227(51.95) | 3 338(53.75) | 1 003(49.29) | 185(43.33) | ||
| 居住地[名(%)] | 253.465a | <0.001 | |||||
| 城市 | 3 100(34.03) | 120(27.46) | 2 445(39.37) | 438(21.52) | 97(22.72) | ||
| 农村 | 6 009(65.97) | 317(72.54) | 3 765(60.63) | 1 597(78.48) | 330(77.28) | ||
| 吸烟[名(%)] | 1.613a | 0.656 | |||||
| 是 | 2 635(28.93) | 121(27.69) | 1 790(28.82) | 590(28.99) | 134(31.38) | ||
| 否 | 6 474(71.07) | 316(72.31) | 4 420(71.18) | 1 445(71.01) | 293(68.62) | ||
| 饮酒[名(%)] | 20.669a | <0.001 | |||||
| 是 | 2 937(32.24) | 130(29.75) | 1 933(31.13) | 705(34.64) | 169(39.58) | ||
| 否 | 6 172(67.76) | 307(70.25) | 4 277(68.87) | 1 330(65.36) | 258(60.42) | ||
| 经常锻炼[名(%)] | 13.226a | 0.004 | |||||
| 是 | 7 887(86.58) | 354(81.01) | 5 385(86.71) | 1 780(87.47) | 368(86.18) | ||
| 否 | 1 222(13.42) | 83(18.99) | 825(13.29) | 255(12.53) | 59(13.82) | ||
| 血脂异常[名(%)] | 43.387a | <0.001 | |||||
| 是 | 5 286(58.03) | 253(57.89) | 3 523(56.73) | 1 199(58.92) | 311(72.83) | ||
| 否 | 3 823(41.97) | 184(42.11) | 2 687(43.27) | 836(41.08) | 116(27.17) | ||
| 基线患CVD[名(%)] | 0.205a | 0.977 | |||||
| 是 | 9 058(99.44) | 434(99.31) | 6 175(99.44) | 2 024(99.46) | 425(99.53) | ||
| 否 | 51(0.56) | 3(0.69) | 35(0.56) | 11(0.54) | 2(0.47) | ||
| 恶性肿瘤史[名(%)] | 5.716a | 0.456 | |||||
| 是 | 9 042(145.6) | 6 164(99.26) | 436(7.02) | 2 018(32.5) | 424(6.83) | ||
| 否 | 27(0.43) | 17(0.27) | 1(0.02) | 9(0.14) | 0 | ||
| 不清楚 | 40(0.64) | 29(0.47) | 0 | 8(0.13) | 3(0.05) | ||
| BMI( | 22.8±3.3 | 22.3±2.9 | 22.6±3.2 | 23.3±3.7 | 24.2±3.6 | 52.308 | <0.001 |
| WC( | 76.5±9.5 | 76.1±8.7 | 75.7±9.4 | 77.9±9.6 | 81.0±10.3 | 57.765 | <0.001 |
| SBP( | 126±22 | 124±19 | 125±21 | 128±22 | 133±23 | 32.404 | <0.001 |
| DBP( | 78±12 | 77±11 | 78±12 | 80±13 | 81±12 | 22.953 | <0.001 |
| FBG( | 5.3±1.3 | 3.5±0.4 | 4.9±0.4 | 6.1±0.4 | 9.3±3.0 | 6 163.890 | <0.001 |
| 血糖分组 | 死亡(人) | 死亡率(千人年) | 模型1 | 模型2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR(95%CI) | P值 | HR(95%CI) | P值 | |||
| 全因死亡 | 589 | 5.51 | ||||
| LFG | 17 | 3.27 | 0.65(0.40~1.05) | 0.077 | 0.72(0.44~1.17) | 0.185 |
| NFG | 372 | 5.09 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| IFG | 143 | 6.01 | 1.19(0.98~1.45) | 0.074 | 1.13(0.92~1.39) | 0.243 |
| DM | 57 | 11.83 | 2.38(1.80~3.14) | <0.001 | 1.59(1.18~2.17) | 0.003 |
| P趋势值 | <0.001 | 0.001 | ||||
| CVD死亡 | 224 | 2.10 | ||||
| LFG | 4 | 0.77 | 0.37(0.14~1.00) | 0.050 | 0.42(0.16~1.15) | 0.092 |
| NFG | 152 | 2.08 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| IFG | 50 | 2.10 | 1.02(0.74~1.40) | 0.907 | 0.92(0.65~1.29) | 0.632 |
| DM | 18 | 3.74 | 1.84(1.13~3.00) | 0.015 | 1.23(0.73~2.06) | 0.427 |
| P趋势值 | 0.004 | 0.236 | ||||
| 恶性肿瘤死亡 | 90 | 0.84 | ||||
| LFG | 3 | 0.58 | 0.81(0.25~2.58) | 0.718 | 0.99(0.31~3.21) | 0.989 |
| NFG | 52 | 0.71 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| IFG | 25 | 1.05 | 1.48(0.92~2.39) | 0.107 | 1.35(0.80~2.28) | 0.259 |
| DM | 10 | 2.08 | 2.96(1.51~5.83) | 0.002 | 2.16(1.03~4.49) | 0.041 |
| P趋势值 | 0.001 | 0.037 | ||||
Table 2 COX regression analysis of correlation between fasting blood glucose and risk of mortality
| 血糖分组 | 死亡(人) | 死亡率(千人年) | 模型1 | 模型2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR(95%CI) | P值 | HR(95%CI) | P值 | |||
| 全因死亡 | 589 | 5.51 | ||||
| LFG | 17 | 3.27 | 0.65(0.40~1.05) | 0.077 | 0.72(0.44~1.17) | 0.185 |
| NFG | 372 | 5.09 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| IFG | 143 | 6.01 | 1.19(0.98~1.45) | 0.074 | 1.13(0.92~1.39) | 0.243 |
| DM | 57 | 11.83 | 2.38(1.80~3.14) | <0.001 | 1.59(1.18~2.17) | 0.003 |
| P趋势值 | <0.001 | 0.001 | ||||
| CVD死亡 | 224 | 2.10 | ||||
| LFG | 4 | 0.77 | 0.37(0.14~1.00) | 0.050 | 0.42(0.16~1.15) | 0.092 |
| NFG | 152 | 2.08 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| IFG | 50 | 2.10 | 1.02(0.74~1.40) | 0.907 | 0.92(0.65~1.29) | 0.632 |
| DM | 18 | 3.74 | 1.84(1.13~3.00) | 0.015 | 1.23(0.73~2.06) | 0.427 |
| P趋势值 | 0.004 | 0.236 | ||||
| 恶性肿瘤死亡 | 90 | 0.84 | ||||
| LFG | 3 | 0.58 | 0.81(0.25~2.58) | 0.718 | 0.99(0.31~3.21) | 0.989 |
| NFG | 52 | 0.71 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| IFG | 25 | 1.05 | 1.48(0.92~2.39) | 0.107 | 1.35(0.80~2.28) | 0.259 |
| DM | 10 | 2.08 | 2.96(1.51~5.83) | 0.002 | 2.16(1.03~4.49) | 0.041 |
| P趋势值 | 0.001 | 0.037 | ||||
| 血糖分组 | 性别 | 年龄 | BMI | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 男 | 女 | <45岁 | ≥45岁 | <24.0 kg/m2 | ≥24.0 kg/m2 | |
| 全因死亡 | ||||||
| LFG | 0.87(0.48~1.56) | 0.50(0.21~1.23) | 2.06(0.92~4.60) | 0.49(0.26~0.92) | 0.63(0.35~1.13) | 1.15(0.46~2.87) |
| NFG | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| IFG | 1.06(0.81~1.39) | 1.21(0.88~1.65) | 0.73(0.36~1.47) | 1.19(0.96~1.47) | 1.02(0.80~1.31) | 1.42(0.98~2.06) |
| DM | 1.39(0.92~2.09) | 2.01(1.27~3.20) | 2.41(0.93~6.29) | 1.57(1.13~2.16) | 1.45(1.11~2.43) | 1.67(1.01~2.76) |
| P趋势值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.945 | <0.001 | 0.027 | 0.034 |
| CVD死亡 | ||||||
| LFG | 0.41(0.10~1.67) | 0.45(0.11~1.85) | 0.84(0.11~6.39) | 0.37(0.12~1.15) | 0.39(0.12~1.23) | 0.54(0.07~3.99) |
| NFG | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| IFG | 1.08(0.70~1.66) | 0.77(0.44~1.35) | 0.58(0.17~2.03) | 0.96(0.68~1.38) | 0.76(0.49~1.17) | 1.37(0.77~2.44) |
| DM | 0.94(0.44~1.98) | 1.73(0.84~3.55) | 1.34(0.17~4.51) | 1.24(0.73~2.11) | 1.27(0.65~2.46) | 1.14(0.50~2.62) |
| P趋势值 | 0.631 | 0.188 | 0.836 | 0.185 | 0.455 | 0.467 |
| 肿瘤死亡 | ||||||
| LFG | 1.03(0.25~4.36) | 0.95(0.12~7.19) | 3.34(0.69~16.13) | 0.42(0.06~3.05) | 0.84(0.20~3.51) | 1.96(0.24~5.97) |
| NFG | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| IFG | 0.84(0.39~1.80) | 2.31(0.67~8.17) | 0.36(0.04~3.00) | 1.51(0.87~2.61) | 1.23(0.64~2.36) | 1.63(0.64~4.13) |
| DM | 2.07(0.83~5.13) | 2.39(1.11~5.14) | 1.67(0.66~3.89) | 6.62(1.61~9.76) | 2.69(1.11~6.52) | 1.95(0.52~7.30) |
| P趋势值 | 0.238 | 0.035 | 0.257 | 0.035 | 0.036 | 0.351 |
Table 3 COX regression analysis of correlation between fasting blood glucose and hypertension in different age,sex and BMI population
| 血糖分组 | 性别 | 年龄 | BMI | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 男 | 女 | <45岁 | ≥45岁 | <24.0 kg/m2 | ≥24.0 kg/m2 | |
| 全因死亡 | ||||||
| LFG | 0.87(0.48~1.56) | 0.50(0.21~1.23) | 2.06(0.92~4.60) | 0.49(0.26~0.92) | 0.63(0.35~1.13) | 1.15(0.46~2.87) |
| NFG | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| IFG | 1.06(0.81~1.39) | 1.21(0.88~1.65) | 0.73(0.36~1.47) | 1.19(0.96~1.47) | 1.02(0.80~1.31) | 1.42(0.98~2.06) |
| DM | 1.39(0.92~2.09) | 2.01(1.27~3.20) | 2.41(0.93~6.29) | 1.57(1.13~2.16) | 1.45(1.11~2.43) | 1.67(1.01~2.76) |
| P趋势值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.945 | <0.001 | 0.027 | 0.034 |
| CVD死亡 | ||||||
| LFG | 0.41(0.10~1.67) | 0.45(0.11~1.85) | 0.84(0.11~6.39) | 0.37(0.12~1.15) | 0.39(0.12~1.23) | 0.54(0.07~3.99) |
| NFG | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| IFG | 1.08(0.70~1.66) | 0.77(0.44~1.35) | 0.58(0.17~2.03) | 0.96(0.68~1.38) | 0.76(0.49~1.17) | 1.37(0.77~2.44) |
| DM | 0.94(0.44~1.98) | 1.73(0.84~3.55) | 1.34(0.17~4.51) | 1.24(0.73~2.11) | 1.27(0.65~2.46) | 1.14(0.50~2.62) |
| P趋势值 | 0.631 | 0.188 | 0.836 | 0.185 | 0.455 | 0.467 |
| 肿瘤死亡 | ||||||
| LFG | 1.03(0.25~4.36) | 0.95(0.12~7.19) | 3.34(0.69~16.13) | 0.42(0.06~3.05) | 0.84(0.20~3.51) | 1.96(0.24~5.97) |
| NFG | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| IFG | 0.84(0.39~1.80) | 2.31(0.67~8.17) | 0.36(0.04~3.00) | 1.51(0.87~2.61) | 1.23(0.64~2.36) | 1.63(0.64~4.13) |
| DM | 2.07(0.83~5.13) | 2.39(1.11~5.14) | 1.67(0.66~3.89) | 6.62(1.61~9.76) | 2.69(1.11~6.52) | 1.95(0.52~7.30) |
| P趋势值 | 0.238 | 0.035 | 0.257 | 0.035 | 0.036 | 0.351 |
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