Chinese General Practice ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (16): 2017-2024.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0279

Special Issue: 生活方式干预相关研究最新文章合集

• Original Research • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Prospective Cohort Study of the Impact of Socioeconomic Status and Healthy Lifestyle on Cardiovascular Disease

  

  1. 1Medical School, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
    2Research Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China
    3School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control/Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
  • Received:2024-06-13 Revised:2025-01-23 Published:2025-06-05 Online:2025-04-22
  • Contact: LIU Tao, WU Yanli

社会经济地位、健康生活方式对心血管疾病影响的前瞻性队列研究

  

  1. 1550025 贵州省贵阳市,贵州大学医学院
    2550004 贵州省贵阳市,贵州省疾病预防控制中心慢性病防治研究所
    3550025 贵州省贵阳市,贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院 环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室
  • 通讯作者: 刘涛, 吴延莉
  • 作者简介:

    作者贡献:

    安芹彧提出主要研究目标,负责研究的构思与设计,研究的实施,撰写论文;王艺颖、张小丹、张畑霖进行数据的收集与整理,统计学处理,图、表的绘制与展示;詹清清、张福艳进行论文的修订;刘涛、吴延莉负责文章的质量控制与审查,对文章整体负责,监督管理。

  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2018]2819)

Abstract:

Background

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global health problem, and it is not known whether socioeconomic status (SES) and healthy lifestyle (HL) have an impact on CVD onset.

Objective

To understand the relationship between SES, HL and CVD, and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of CVD in the population.

Methods

A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was employed to select 9 280 residents aged 18 and above from 12 counties and districts in Guizhou Province as the baseline sample in 2010. In 2016-2020 follow the cohort, face to face interview by unified training and qualified personnel, including basic situation, lifestyle (smoking, drinking, vegetables and vegetables, etc.), previous disease history, according to the survey was divided into CVD group (123) and non-CVD group (4 025) ; we used COX proportional hazard regression models were used to analyze the effect of SES and HL on CVD incidence. Additionally, an accelerated failure time model was utilized to assess the impact of different SES and HL at the time of CVD onset.

Results

After excluding baseline CVD patients, lost-to-follow-up and missing information, the valid sample size included in the analysis was 4 148, CVD onset 123, and the incidence density was 4.13 / 1 000 person-years. The results of multivariate analysis showed that compared with low SES (≤7 points), the risk of CVD in high SES (>7 points) decreased by 40.60% (HR=0.594, 95%CI=0.402-0.878). Compared with 6 HL populations, the population with 8 and 9 HL decreased by 44.40% (HR=0.556, 95%CI=0.320-0.968) and 49.20% (HR=0.508, 95%CI=0.284-0.912). Compared with the population in the low SES group and with HL ≤ 6 conditions, there was no statistically significant risk of CVD incidence in the population in the low SES group with HL of 7, 8, or ≥ 9 conditions (P>0.05) ; those with high SES (>7 points) and HL of 8 or 9 decreased CVD risk by 61.80% (HR=0.382, 95%CI=0.163-0.894) and 70.20% (HR=0.298, 95%CI=0.119-0.748, respectively), showing a decreasing trend. The results of the accelerated failure time model showed that those with high SES (>7 points), those with 8 species and 9 HL were delayed by 1.148 years (95%CI=0.049-2.287) and 1.407 (95%CI=0.227-2.588) .

Conclusion

Different SES and HL are negatively associated with CVD onset; in high SES population, the duration of CVD onset increases with increasing HL species. Low SES population is the key population of CVD prevention and control in Guizhou Province, so measures should be taken to improve their health literacy, and the health education and health promotion of CVD should be carried out accordingly.

Key words: Cardiovascular diseases, Socioeconomic status, Healthy lifestyle, Cox regression analysis, Cohort study

摘要:

背景

心血管疾病(CVD)是一个全球性的健康问题,目前尚不清楚社会经济地位(SES)和健康生活方式(HL)对CVD发病是否有影响。

目的

了解SES、HL与CVD的关系,为人群CVD防控提供依据。

方法

本研究采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,于2010年抽取9 280名贵州省12个县/区18岁及以上常住居民进行基线调查,于2016—2020年对该队列所有人群进行随访,由经过统一培训且考核合格的人员进行面对面访谈,包括基本情况、生活方式(吸烟、饮酒、蔬菜水果摄入等)、既往史等,根据调查对象是否发病分为CVD组(123名)和非CVD组(4 025名);运用COX比例风险回归模型分析SES、HL对CVD发病的影响,采用加速失效时间模型分析不同SES、HL对CVD发病时间的影响。

结果

排除基线CVD患者、失访者及信息缺失者后,最终纳入分析的有效样本量为4 148名,CVD发病123名,发病密度为4.13/1 000人年。COX比例风险回归模型分析结果显示,与SES低分组人群相比,SES高分组人群CVD发病风险下降40.60%(HR=0.594,95%CI=0.402~0.878)。与≤6种HL人群相比,拥有8种、≥9种HL人群CVD发病风险分别下降44.40%(HR=0.556,95%CI=0.320~0.968)、49.20%(HR=0.508,95%CI=0.284~0.912)。与SES低分组且HL≤6种的人群相比,SES低分组且HL为7、8、≥9种的人群CVD发病风险无统计学意义(P>0.05);SES高分组且HL为8种和≥9种人群CVD发病风险将分别下降61.80%(HR=0.382,95%CI=0.163~0.894)、70.20%(HR=0.298,95%CI=0.119~0.748),CVD发病风险呈下降趋势(P趋势<0.001)。加速失效时间模型结果显示,与SES低分组且HL≤6种的人群相比,SES高分组且拥有8种和≥9种HL人群CVD发病时间分别推迟1.148年(95%CI=0.049~2.247)、1.407年(95%CI=0.227~2.588)。

结论

不同SES、HL与CVD发病呈负相关;在高SES人群中,随着HL种类的增加CVD发病时间随之延长。低SES人群是贵州省CVD防控的重点人群,应采取措施提高其健康素养,同时针对性地开展CVD的健康教育与健康促进工作。

关键词: 心血管疾病, 社会经济地位, 健康生活方式, COX回归分析, 队列研究

CLC Number: