Chinese General Practice ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (22): 2726-2732.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0371
Special Issue: 健康公平性最新文章合辑; 老年问题最新文章合辑
• Original Research·Clinical Quality Improvement • Previous Articles Next Articles
Received:
2022-04-11
Revised:
2022-06-20
Published:
2022-08-05
Online:
2022-06-23
Contact:
Mingjie GUO
About author:
通讯作者:
郭铭杰
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基金资助:
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URL: https://www.chinagp.net/EN/10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0371
特征 | 例数 | 0次(n=8 038) | 1次(n=749) | 2次(n=367) | ≥3次(n=397) | χ2值 | P值 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
性别 | 7.354 | 0.061 | ||||||
男 | 4 703 | 3 997(84.99) | 365(7.76) | 165(3.51) | 176(3.74) | |||
女 | 4 848 | 4 041(83.35) | 384(7.92) | 202(4.17) | 221(4.56) | |||
年龄(岁) | 13.678 | 0.134 | ||||||
60~64 | 3 002 | 2 572(85.68) | 205(6.83) | 109(3.63) | 116(3.86) | |||
65~69 | 2 846 | 2 367(83.17) | 252(8.85) | 102(3.58) | 125(4.40) | |||
70~74 | 1 783 | 1 501(84.18) | 142(7.96) | 71(3.98) | 69(3.88) | |||
≥75 | 1 920 | 1 598(83.23) | 150(7.81) | 85(4.43) | 87(4.53) | |||
婚姻状况 | 4.616 | 0.202 | ||||||
未婚、离异或丧偶 | 1 919 | 1 592(82.96) | 151(7.87) | 83(4.33) | 93(4.84) | |||
已婚 | 7 632 | 6 446(84.46) | 598(7.84) | 284(3.72) | 304(3.98) | |||
户口类型 | 17.671 | 0.001 | ||||||
非农业户口 | 2 310 | 1 889(81.77) | 222(9.61) | 104(4.50) | 95(4.12) | |||
农业户口 | 7 241 | 6 149(84.92) | 527(7.28) | 263(3.63) | 302(4.17) | |||
受教育程度 | 26.422 | 0.009 | ||||||
文盲 | 2 831 | 2 404(84.92) | 203(7.17) | 115(4.06) | 109(3.85) | |||
未读完小学/私塾 | 2 234 | 1 888(84.51) | 166(7.43) | 91(4.07) | 89(3.99) | |||
小学 | 2 040 | 1 704(83.53) | 176(8.63) | 62(3.04) | 98(4.80) | |||
初中 | 1 517 | 1 292(85.17) | 114(7.51) | 47(3.10) | 64(4.22) | |||
高中及以上 | 929 | 750(80.73) | 90(9.69) | 52(5.60) | 37(3.98) | |||
吸烟 | 21.804 | <0.001 | ||||||
是 | 2 554 | 2 219(86.88) | 175(6.85) | 70(2.74) | 90(3.53) | |||
否 | 6 997 | 5 819(83.16) | 574(8.20) | 297(4.24) | 307(4.39) | |||
饮酒 | 18.981 | <0.001 | ||||||
是 | 3 046 | 2635(86.51) | 201(6.60) | 105(3.45) | 105(3.44) | |||
否 | 6 505 | 5 403(83.06) | 548(8.42) | 262(4.03) | 292(4.49) | |||
医保参与 | 8.400 | 0.038 | ||||||
是 | 9 275 | 7790(83.99) | 739(7.97) | 359(3.87) | 387(4.17) | |||
否 | 276 | 248(89.86) | 10(3.62) | 8(2.90) | 10(3.62) | |||
家庭人均收入 | 20.247 | 0.003 | ||||||
低收入 | 6 515 | 5 506(84.51) | 478(7.34) | 245(3.76) | 286(4.39) | |||
中等收入 | 2 523 | 2 128(84.34) | 215(8.52) | 94(3.73) | 86(3.41) | |||
高收入 | 513 | 404(78.75) | 56(10.92) | 28(5.46) | 25(4.87) | |||
医疗机构平均距离(km) | 8.514 | 0.203 | ||||||
0~1 | 3 521 | 2 981(84.66) | 276(7.84) | 126(3.58) | 138(3.92) | |||
>1~10 | 4 177 | 3 508(83.98) | 310(7.42) | 180(4.31) | 179(4.29) | |||
>10 | 1 853 | 1 549(83.59) | 163(8.80) | 61(3.29) | 80(4.32) | |||
罹患慢性病 | 126.316 | <0.001 | ||||||
是 | 4 532 | 3 614(79.74) | 451(9.95) | 222(4.90) | 245(5.41) | |||
否 | 5 019 | 4 424(88.15) | 298(5.94) | 145(2.89) | 152(3.03) | |||
健康状况自评 | 267.164 | <0.001 | ||||||
很好 | 934 | 868(92.93) | 39(4.18) | 16(1.71) | 11(1.18) | |||
好 | 1 056 | 953(90.25) | 55(5.21) | 21(1.99) | 27(2.56) | |||
一般 | 4 609 | 3 966(86.05) | 327(7.09) | 161(3.49) | 155(3.36) | |||
不好 | 2 291 | 1 782(77.78) | 249(10.87) | 117(5.11) | 143(6.24) | |||
很不好 | 661 | 469(70.95) | 79(11.95) | 52(7.87) | 61(9.23) |
Table 1 Comparison of the utilization of outpatient services for the elderly under different characteristics
特征 | 例数 | 0次(n=8 038) | 1次(n=749) | 2次(n=367) | ≥3次(n=397) | χ2值 | P值 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
性别 | 7.354 | 0.061 | ||||||
男 | 4 703 | 3 997(84.99) | 365(7.76) | 165(3.51) | 176(3.74) | |||
女 | 4 848 | 4 041(83.35) | 384(7.92) | 202(4.17) | 221(4.56) | |||
年龄(岁) | 13.678 | 0.134 | ||||||
60~64 | 3 002 | 2 572(85.68) | 205(6.83) | 109(3.63) | 116(3.86) | |||
65~69 | 2 846 | 2 367(83.17) | 252(8.85) | 102(3.58) | 125(4.40) | |||
70~74 | 1 783 | 1 501(84.18) | 142(7.96) | 71(3.98) | 69(3.88) | |||
≥75 | 1 920 | 1 598(83.23) | 150(7.81) | 85(4.43) | 87(4.53) | |||
婚姻状况 | 4.616 | 0.202 | ||||||
未婚、离异或丧偶 | 1 919 | 1 592(82.96) | 151(7.87) | 83(4.33) | 93(4.84) | |||
已婚 | 7 632 | 6 446(84.46) | 598(7.84) | 284(3.72) | 304(3.98) | |||
户口类型 | 17.671 | 0.001 | ||||||
非农业户口 | 2 310 | 1 889(81.77) | 222(9.61) | 104(4.50) | 95(4.12) | |||
农业户口 | 7 241 | 6 149(84.92) | 527(7.28) | 263(3.63) | 302(4.17) | |||
受教育程度 | 26.422 | 0.009 | ||||||
文盲 | 2 831 | 2 404(84.92) | 203(7.17) | 115(4.06) | 109(3.85) | |||
未读完小学/私塾 | 2 234 | 1 888(84.51) | 166(7.43) | 91(4.07) | 89(3.99) | |||
小学 | 2 040 | 1 704(83.53) | 176(8.63) | 62(3.04) | 98(4.80) | |||
初中 | 1 517 | 1 292(85.17) | 114(7.51) | 47(3.10) | 64(4.22) | |||
高中及以上 | 929 | 750(80.73) | 90(9.69) | 52(5.60) | 37(3.98) | |||
吸烟 | 21.804 | <0.001 | ||||||
是 | 2 554 | 2 219(86.88) | 175(6.85) | 70(2.74) | 90(3.53) | |||
否 | 6 997 | 5 819(83.16) | 574(8.20) | 297(4.24) | 307(4.39) | |||
饮酒 | 18.981 | <0.001 | ||||||
是 | 3 046 | 2635(86.51) | 201(6.60) | 105(3.45) | 105(3.44) | |||
否 | 6 505 | 5 403(83.06) | 548(8.42) | 262(4.03) | 292(4.49) | |||
医保参与 | 8.400 | 0.038 | ||||||
是 | 9 275 | 7790(83.99) | 739(7.97) | 359(3.87) | 387(4.17) | |||
否 | 276 | 248(89.86) | 10(3.62) | 8(2.90) | 10(3.62) | |||
家庭人均收入 | 20.247 | 0.003 | ||||||
低收入 | 6 515 | 5 506(84.51) | 478(7.34) | 245(3.76) | 286(4.39) | |||
中等收入 | 2 523 | 2 128(84.34) | 215(8.52) | 94(3.73) | 86(3.41) | |||
高收入 | 513 | 404(78.75) | 56(10.92) | 28(5.46) | 25(4.87) | |||
医疗机构平均距离(km) | 8.514 | 0.203 | ||||||
0~1 | 3 521 | 2 981(84.66) | 276(7.84) | 126(3.58) | 138(3.92) | |||
>1~10 | 4 177 | 3 508(83.98) | 310(7.42) | 180(4.31) | 179(4.29) | |||
>10 | 1 853 | 1 549(83.59) | 163(8.80) | 61(3.29) | 80(4.32) | |||
罹患慢性病 | 126.316 | <0.001 | ||||||
是 | 4 532 | 3 614(79.74) | 451(9.95) | 222(4.90) | 245(5.41) | |||
否 | 5 019 | 4 424(88.15) | 298(5.94) | 145(2.89) | 152(3.03) | |||
健康状况自评 | 267.164 | <0.001 | ||||||
很好 | 934 | 868(92.93) | 39(4.18) | 16(1.71) | 11(1.18) | |||
好 | 1 056 | 953(90.25) | 55(5.21) | 21(1.99) | 27(2.56) | |||
一般 | 4 609 | 3 966(86.05) | 327(7.09) | 161(3.49) | 155(3.36) | |||
不好 | 2 291 | 1 782(77.78) | 249(10.87) | 117(5.11) | 143(6.24) | |||
很不好 | 661 | 469(70.95) | 79(11.95) | 52(7.87) | 61(9.23) |
自变量 | 负二项回归部分 | Logit回归部分 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
coef(95%CI) | SE | Z值 | P值 | coef(95%CI) | SE | Z值 | P值 | ||
性别(以男为参照) | |||||||||
女 | -0.074(-0.281,0.133) | 0.106 | -0.70 | 0.482 | -0.201(-0.658,0.255) | 0.233 | -0.86 | 0.387 | |
年龄(岁,以60~64为参照) | |||||||||
65~69 | -0.193(-0.405,0.020) | 0.108 | -1.78 | 0.075 | -0.794(-1.271,-0.316) | 0.244 | -3.26 | 0.001 | |
70~74 | -0.279(-0.525,-0.033) | 0.126 | -2.22 | 0.026 | -0.644(-1.196,-0.092) | 0.282 | -2.29 | 0.022 | |
≥75 | -0.156(-0.411,0.099) | 0.130 | -1.20 | 0.230 | -0.569(-1.117,-0.021) | 0.280 | -2.04 | 0.042 | |
婚姻状况(以未婚、离异或丧偶为参照) | |||||||||
已婚 | -0.066(-0.282,0.150) | 0.110 | -0.60 | 0.550 | -0.044(-0.541,0.453) | 0.254 | -0.17 | 0.862 | |
户口类型(以非农业户口为参照) | |||||||||
农业户口 | -0.160(-0.392,0.072) | 0.118 | -1.35 | 0.176 | 0.001(-0.490,0.491) | 0.250 | <0.01 | 0.998 | |
受教育程度(以文盲为参照) | |||||||||
未读完小学/私塾 | -0.071(-0.309,0.166) | 0.121 | -0.59 | 0.556 | -0.366(-0.896,0.164) | 0.270 | -1.35 | 0.176 | |
小学 | 0.160(-0.089,0.410) | 0.127 | 1.26 | 0.208 | -0.175(-0.705,0.355) | 0.270 | -0.65 | 0.517 | |
初中 | -0.063(-0.368,0.241) | 0.156 | -0.41 | 0.684 | -0.440(-1.077,0.196) | 0.325 | -1.36 | 0.175 | |
高中及以上 | -0.036(-0.402,0.330) | 0.187 | -0.19 | 0.846 | -0.786(-1.555,-0.018) | 0.392 | -2.01 | 0.045 | |
吸烟(以否为参照) | |||||||||
是 | -0.007(-0.239,0.225) | 0.118 | -0.06 | 0.951 | 0.419(-0.030,0.867) | 0.229 | 1.83 | 0.067 | |
饮酒(以否为参照) | |||||||||
是 | 0.055(-0.147,0.257) | 0.103 | 0.53 | 0.595 | 0.437(0.022,0.851) | 0.211 | 2.07 | 0.039 | |
医保参与(以否为参照) | |||||||||
是 | -0.227(-0.863,0.409) | 0.324 | -0.70 | 0.484 | -1.417(-2.340,-0.495) | 0.471 | -3.01 | 0.003 | |
家庭人均收入(以低收入为参照) | |||||||||
中等收入 | 0.131(-0.082,0.344) | 0.109 | 1.20 | 0.229 | 0.171(-0.262,0.605) | 0.221 | 0.77 | 0.439 | |
高收入 | 0.076(-0.315,0.467) | 0.200 | 0.38 | 0.705 | -1.513(-3.146,0.120) | 0.833 | -1.82 | 0.069 | |
医疗机构平均距离(km,以0~1为参照) | |||||||||
>1~10 | 0.191(0.013,0.370) | 0.091 | 2.10 | 0.036 | 0.224(-0.170,0.618) | 0.201 | 1.11 | 0.266 | |
>10 | 0.218(-0.022,0.458) | 0.123 | 1.78 | 0.075 | 0.118(-0.408,0.643) | 0.268 | 0.44 | 0.661 | |
罹患慢性病(以否为参照) | |||||||||
是 | 0.015(-0.166,0.196) | 0.092 | 0.17 | 0.868 | -1.131(-1.579,-0.684) | 0.228 | -4.96 | <0.001 | |
健康状况自评(以很好为参照) | |||||||||
好 | 0.658(0.125,1.192) | 0.272 | 2.42 | 0.016 | 0.364(-0.395,1.123) | 0.387 | 0.94 | 0.347 | |
一般 | 0.390(-0.053,0.834) | 0.226 | 1.72 | 0.085 | -0.655(-1.317,0.007) | 0.338 | -1.94 | 0.052 | |
不好 | 0.689(0.227,1.150) | 0.235 | 2.93 | 0.003 | -1.522(-2.285,-0.760) | 0.389 | -3.91 | <0.001 | |
很不好 | 0.876(0.371,1.381) | 0.257 | 3.40 | 0.001 | -2.853(-4.854,-0.853) | 1.021 | -2.80 | 0.005 | |
常量 | -0.669(-1.549,0.212) | 0.449 | -1.49 | 0.137 | 2.617(1.260,3.973) | 0.692 | 3.78 | <0.001 |
Table 2 ZINB regression analysis of the influencing factors of outpatient service utilization in the elderly
自变量 | 负二项回归部分 | Logit回归部分 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
coef(95%CI) | SE | Z值 | P值 | coef(95%CI) | SE | Z值 | P值 | ||
性别(以男为参照) | |||||||||
女 | -0.074(-0.281,0.133) | 0.106 | -0.70 | 0.482 | -0.201(-0.658,0.255) | 0.233 | -0.86 | 0.387 | |
年龄(岁,以60~64为参照) | |||||||||
65~69 | -0.193(-0.405,0.020) | 0.108 | -1.78 | 0.075 | -0.794(-1.271,-0.316) | 0.244 | -3.26 | 0.001 | |
70~74 | -0.279(-0.525,-0.033) | 0.126 | -2.22 | 0.026 | -0.644(-1.196,-0.092) | 0.282 | -2.29 | 0.022 | |
≥75 | -0.156(-0.411,0.099) | 0.130 | -1.20 | 0.230 | -0.569(-1.117,-0.021) | 0.280 | -2.04 | 0.042 | |
婚姻状况(以未婚、离异或丧偶为参照) | |||||||||
已婚 | -0.066(-0.282,0.150) | 0.110 | -0.60 | 0.550 | -0.044(-0.541,0.453) | 0.254 | -0.17 | 0.862 | |
户口类型(以非农业户口为参照) | |||||||||
农业户口 | -0.160(-0.392,0.072) | 0.118 | -1.35 | 0.176 | 0.001(-0.490,0.491) | 0.250 | <0.01 | 0.998 | |
受教育程度(以文盲为参照) | |||||||||
未读完小学/私塾 | -0.071(-0.309,0.166) | 0.121 | -0.59 | 0.556 | -0.366(-0.896,0.164) | 0.270 | -1.35 | 0.176 | |
小学 | 0.160(-0.089,0.410) | 0.127 | 1.26 | 0.208 | -0.175(-0.705,0.355) | 0.270 | -0.65 | 0.517 | |
初中 | -0.063(-0.368,0.241) | 0.156 | -0.41 | 0.684 | -0.440(-1.077,0.196) | 0.325 | -1.36 | 0.175 | |
高中及以上 | -0.036(-0.402,0.330) | 0.187 | -0.19 | 0.846 | -0.786(-1.555,-0.018) | 0.392 | -2.01 | 0.045 | |
吸烟(以否为参照) | |||||||||
是 | -0.007(-0.239,0.225) | 0.118 | -0.06 | 0.951 | 0.419(-0.030,0.867) | 0.229 | 1.83 | 0.067 | |
饮酒(以否为参照) | |||||||||
是 | 0.055(-0.147,0.257) | 0.103 | 0.53 | 0.595 | 0.437(0.022,0.851) | 0.211 | 2.07 | 0.039 | |
医保参与(以否为参照) | |||||||||
是 | -0.227(-0.863,0.409) | 0.324 | -0.70 | 0.484 | -1.417(-2.340,-0.495) | 0.471 | -3.01 | 0.003 | |
家庭人均收入(以低收入为参照) | |||||||||
中等收入 | 0.131(-0.082,0.344) | 0.109 | 1.20 | 0.229 | 0.171(-0.262,0.605) | 0.221 | 0.77 | 0.439 | |
高收入 | 0.076(-0.315,0.467) | 0.200 | 0.38 | 0.705 | -1.513(-3.146,0.120) | 0.833 | -1.82 | 0.069 | |
医疗机构平均距离(km,以0~1为参照) | |||||||||
>1~10 | 0.191(0.013,0.370) | 0.091 | 2.10 | 0.036 | 0.224(-0.170,0.618) | 0.201 | 1.11 | 0.266 | |
>10 | 0.218(-0.022,0.458) | 0.123 | 1.78 | 0.075 | 0.118(-0.408,0.643) | 0.268 | 0.44 | 0.661 | |
罹患慢性病(以否为参照) | |||||||||
是 | 0.015(-0.166,0.196) | 0.092 | 0.17 | 0.868 | -1.131(-1.579,-0.684) | 0.228 | -4.96 | <0.001 | |
健康状况自评(以很好为参照) | |||||||||
好 | 0.658(0.125,1.192) | 0.272 | 2.42 | 0.016 | 0.364(-0.395,1.123) | 0.387 | 0.94 | 0.347 | |
一般 | 0.390(-0.053,0.834) | 0.226 | 1.72 | 0.085 | -0.655(-1.317,0.007) | 0.338 | -1.94 | 0.052 | |
不好 | 0.689(0.227,1.150) | 0.235 | 2.93 | 0.003 | -1.522(-2.285,-0.760) | 0.389 | -3.91 | <0.001 | |
很不好 | 0.876(0.371,1.381) | 0.257 | 3.40 | 0.001 | -2.853(-4.854,-0.853) | 1.021 | -2.80 | 0.005 | |
常量 | -0.669(-1.549,0.212) | 0.449 | -1.49 | 0.137 | 2.617(1.260,3.973) | 0.692 | 3.78 | <0.001 |
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