The Potentially Inappropriate Medications (PIM)-China criteria is a screening tool to assess the extent of PIM in aged patients. 2024 PIM-China criteria are the second revision of the criteria since its establishment, aiming to ensure the provision of evidence-based and clinically relevant recommendations for the elderly. This article provides a detailed interpretation of the updated version of the criteria. The new criteria divided into two main parts, which is same as the framework of the 2017 PIM-China criteria. It references six international standards and incorporates substantial updates [Beers, STOPP, FORTA, EU (7)-PIM, Japanese and Korean Standards] based on the latest evidence-based medicine. The new criteria involve the adding of alternative treatment options, as well as the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendation. Moreover, drug-drug interactions and dose adjustments based on renal function were added. Meanwhile, some medications were removed from the 2017 PIM-China criteria according to the actual clinical practice in China. By integrating emerging evidence and expert consensus, the new criteria serve as a pivotal tool for optimizing clinical prescribing practices. These criteria are crucial for reducing adverse drug events, optimizing prescription practices, and improving healthcare for the elderly in China.

《中国老年人潜在不适当用药判断标准》是用于评价中国老年人潜在不适当用药（PIM-China）的工具，本次2024版PIM-China标准更新是基于2017版标准建立至今的第2次更新，旨在为老年人群潜在不适当用药的评估提供循证依据和临床相关建议，本文对新版标准进行了详细解读。2024版PIM-China标准延续了2017版标准，分为两大部分，参考了6项国际标准[Beers、老年人不适当处方筛查工具（STOPP）、老年人适用清单（FORTA）、欧盟（EU）（7）-PIM、日本和韩国标准]，并基于新的循证医学证据做了较多的更新。2024版PIM-China标准不仅增加了替代治疗方案、证据质量和推荐强度，还新增了药物-药物相互作用、肾功能不全用药调整等内容。同时，根据我国实际情况删除了部分药物。通过纳入新的证据和专家共识，新版标准为优化处方实践提供了关键工具。2024版PIM-China标准对于减少药物不良事件、优化处方和改善中国老年人的医疗保健至关重要。